Also known as: Caswell No. 443A, EINECS 203-721-0, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 043102, FEMA No. 2434, FEMA Number 2434 (+9 more)
CAS 109-94-4
Ethyl formate (CAS 109-94-4) is a chemical substance with GHS signal word Danger; key hazard signal: H225; H332; H302; H335; H319. Key regulatory status: REACH registered, 6 regulatory/inventory lists, cosmetic ingredient cross-reference; source data from ECHA CLP, EPA ToxValDB, EPA CPDat, AICIS, ECHA REACH, ILO ICSC, OSHA.
Ethyl formate is classified GHS Danger (H225, H332, H302, H335, H319) in the chemicals database but is allowed in EU cosmetics.
CAS, identifiers, formula, and alternate names for the matched substance record.
EU harmonized hazard classification, hazard statements, pictograms, and signal word.
| Hazard Class | H-Statements | Pictograms | Signal |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flam. Liq. 2; Acute Tox. 4 *; Acute Tox. 4 *; STOT SE 3; Eye Irrit. 2 | H225; H332; H302; H335; H319 | GHS02; GHS07 | Danger |
International Chemical Safety Card hazard and exposure summary.
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| GHS Signal Word | DANGER |
| GHS Hazard Statements | Highly flammable liquid and vapour May be harmful if swallowed Causes serious eye irritation May cause respiratory irritation |
| Short-term Effects | The substance is irritating to the eyes and respiratory tract. The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system. Exposure far above the OEL could cause lowering of consciousness. |
| Long-term Effects | The substance defats the skin, which may cause dryness or cracking. |
| Routes of Exposure | The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour and by ingestion. |
Occupational exposure limits from OSHA, NIOSH, and ACGIH rows.
| Agency | Metric | Value | ppm | mg/m3 | Skin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OSHA | TWA | 100 ppm (300 mg/m³) | 100 | 300 | N |
| NIOSH | TWA | 100 ppm (300 mg/m³) | 100 | 300 | N |
| ACGIH | STEL | 100 ppm [2011] | 100 | - | N |
| CAL/OSHA | TWA | 100 ppm (300 mg/m³) | 100 | 300 | N |
| NIOSH | IDLH | 1500 ppm | 1500 | - | - |
Industrial and product-use categories associated with this substance.
Inventory, screening, and regulatory list matches from public chemical databases.
| List | Keyword | Source |
|---|---|---|
| active_ingredient; Europe; Pesticides | European Commission | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Europe; Pesticides | Commission of the European Communities | CPCat |
| IFRA Transparency | IFRA | IFRA |
| Europe | European Commission | Fl@vis |
| food_additive; Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS) (2/2019) | FDA | United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) |
| consumer_product | P&G | Proctor & Gamble |
Toxicology endpoints rendered from public NOAEL study rows.
| Value | Unit | Endpoint | Route | Species | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| =11 | mg/m3 | DNEL systemic | inhalation | Human | ToxValDB_GESTIS_DNEL |
| 0K3E2L5553 | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| 0K3E2L5553 | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| 0K3E2L5553 | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| 0K3E2L5553 | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| - | % | Incidence of positive responses | Dermal | Human | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 2700 | ug/cm2 | Induction dose per skin area | Dermal | Human | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 28.95 | mg/L | LC50 | Inhalation | - | NTP_ICE_acute_inhalation |
| =1850 | mg/kg bw | LD50 | oral | Rat | NTP_ICE_acute_oral |
| =4290 | mg/kg bw | LD50 | oral | Rat | NTP_ICE_acute_oral |
| =84835.3 | mg/m3 | LEL | inhalation | Human | ToxValDB_DOE_Protective_Action_Criteria |
| 1000 | mg/kg bw/day | NOAEL | oral | rat | COSMOS_DB |
| 3 | unitless | Relative reliability score | Dermal | Human | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
Showing 13 of 13 studies
Registration status from the ECHA REACH registered substances database.
| Status | Name | EC Number | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| Registered | Ethyl formate | 203-721-0 | ECHA overview → |
Australian industrial chemicals inventory status and applicable conditions.
Same-CAS cosmetic ingredient record for cross-vertical context.
Same-CAS pharmaceutical records from drug and bioactivity sources.
Same-CAS food additive, ADI, and GRAS records where available.
ADI: 0-3 mg/kg bw (1979) mg/kg bw
View full food safety profile →Same-CAS cannabis compliance and lab records where available.
1 cannabis record found in efsa substances.
View full cannabis profile →Ethyl formate (CAS 109-94-4) is classified under EU CLP Annex VI as Flam. Liq. 2; Acute Tox. 4 *; Acute Tox. 4 *; STOT SE 3; Eye Irrit. 2 with signal word Danger. Hazard statements: H225; H332; H302; H335; H319. Source: EU CLP Annex VI (ECHA).
Ethyl formate has 13 NOAEL studies in the database. The lowest reported value is 11 mg/m3 via inhalation in Human. Source: ToxValDB_GESTIS_DNEL.
Ethyl formate appears on 5 regulatory/inventory lists including active_ingredient; Europe; Pesticides, IFRA Transparency, Europe, and 2 more. Source: EPA CPDat.
Occupational exposure limits for Ethyl formate are set by OSHA, NIOSH, ACGIH. 5 limit values from official agencies are documented in the database. Source: OSHA, NIOSH, ACGIH.
Yes, Ethyl formate is also indexed as a cosmetic ingredient under the name Ethyl Formate. View the full cosmetic safety profile on the ingredient page for detailed safety data, SCCS opinions, and regulatory status.
Safety data is sourced from ECHA CLP Annex VI, EPA ToxValDB, EPA CPDat, AICIS (Australian Industrial Chemicals Introduction Scheme), EPA DSSTox, ECHA REACH, ILO/WHO ICSC, OSHA/NIOSH/ACGIH, CosIng / Ingredients DB, ChEMBL / DailyMed, EFSA / FDA GRAS, cannabis regulatory/lab databases. All data traces to primary regulatory sources and is updated from official government databases.
Ethyl formate is classified GHS Danger (H225, H332, H302, H335, H319) in the chemicals database but is allowed in EU cosmetics.
Ethyl formate also appears in cosmetics, pharmaceutical, food safety, cannabis databases.