Also known as: (2Z)-2-Butenedioic acid, 2-Butenedioic acid (2Z)-, (2Z)-Butene-2-dioic acid, (Z)-2-Butenedioic acid, (Z)-Butenedioic acid (+15 more)
CAS 110-16-7
Maleic acid (CAS 110-16-7) is a chemical substance with GHS signal word Warning; key hazard signal: H302; H335; H315; H319; H317. Key regulatory status: REACH registered, 6 regulatory/inventory lists, cosmetic ingredient cross-reference; source data from ECHA CLP, EPA ToxValDB, EPA CPDat, AICIS, ECHA REACH, ILO ICSC.
CAS, identifiers, formula, and alternate names for the matched substance record.
EU harmonized hazard classification, hazard statements, pictograms, and signal word.
| Hazard Class | H-Statements | Pictograms | Signal |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acute Tox. 4 *; STOT SE 3; Skin Irrit. 2; Eye Irrit. 2; Skin Sens. 1 | H302; H335; H315; H319; H317 | GHS07 | Warning |
International Chemical Safety Card hazard and exposure summary.
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| GHS Signal Word | WARNING |
| GHS Hazard Statements | May be osive to metals Harmful if swallowed or in contact with skin Causes skin and eye irritation May cause an allergic skin reaction May cause respiratory irritation Toxic to aquatic life |
| Short-term Effects | The substance is severely irritating to the eyes. The substance is irritating to the skin and respiratory tract. |
| Long-term Effects | Repeated or prolonged contact with skin may cause dermatitis. Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization. |
| Routes of Exposure | The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion. |
Industrial and product-use categories associated with this substance.
Inventory, screening, and regulatory list matches from public chemical databases.
| List | Keyword | Source |
|---|---|---|
| drinking_water; Europe; manufacturing; plastic_additive | Belgaqua | CPCat |
| inert_ingredient; non_food_use; Pesticides | EPA | CPCat |
| CEDI | FDA | United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) |
| Indirect additives food contact (10/2018) | FDA | United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) |
| Europe; Specialty occupational products | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Canada; pharmaceutical | DrugBank | DrugBank |
Toxicology endpoints rendered from public NOAEL study rows.
| Value | Unit | Endpoint | Route | Species | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9.56 | min | Breakthrough Time | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_irritation |
| =3 | mg/m3 | DNEL local | inhalation | Human | ToxValDB_GESTIS_DNEL |
| 7 | % | EC3 | Dermal | Mouse | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 7 | % | EC3 | Dermal | Mouse | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 7 | % | EC3 | Dermal | Mouse | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 7 | % | EC3 | Dermal | Mouse | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 91XW058U2C | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| 91XW058U2C | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| 91XW058U2C | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| 91XW058U2C | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| >0.72 | mg/L | LC50 | Inhalation | - | NTP_ICE_acute_inhalation |
| =20 | mg/kg bw/day | LOAEL | oral | Rat | ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID |
| =20 | mg/kg bw/day | LOEL | oral | Rat | ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID |
| - | unitless | Model Score | - | - | NTP_ICE_endocrine |
| ~19.5 | mg/kg bw/day | NOAEL | oral | Rat | ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID |
| <=20 | mg/kg bw/day | NOAEL | oral | Rat | ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID |
| =140 | mg/kg bw/day | NOAEL | oral | Rat | ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID |
Showing 17 of 17 studies
Registration status from the ECHA REACH registered substances database.
| Status | Name | EC Number | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| Registered | Maleic acid | 203-742-5 | ECHA overview → |
Australian industrial chemicals inventory status and applicable conditions.
Same-CAS cosmetic ingredient record for cross-vertical context.
Same-CAS pharmaceutical records from drug and bioactivity sources.
Maleic acid (CAS 110-16-7) is classified under EU CLP Annex VI as Acute Tox. 4 *; STOT SE 3; Skin Irrit. 2; Eye Irrit. 2; Skin Sens. 1 with signal word Warning. Hazard statements: H302; H335; H315; H319; H317. Source: EU CLP Annex VI (ECHA).
Maleic acid has 17 NOAEL studies in the database. The lowest reported value is 0 unitless. Source: NTP_ICE_endocrine.
Maleic acid appears on 6 regulatory/inventory lists including drinking_water; Europe; manufacturing; plastic_additive, inert_ingredient; non_food_use; Pesticides, CEDI, and 3 more. Source: EPA CPDat.
Yes, Maleic acid is also indexed as a cosmetic ingredient under the name Maleic Acid. View the full cosmetic safety profile on the ingredient page for detailed safety data, SCCS opinions, and regulatory status.
Safety data is sourced from ECHA CLP Annex VI, EPA ToxValDB, EPA CPDat, AICIS (Australian Industrial Chemicals Introduction Scheme), EPA DSSTox, ECHA REACH, ILO/WHO ICSC, CosIng / Ingredients DB, ChEMBL / DailyMed. All data traces to primary regulatory sources and is updated from official government databases.
Maleic acid also appears in cosmetics, pharmaceutical databases.