What is the GHS hazard classification for Sodium hydroxide?
Sodium hydroxide (CAS 1310-73-2) is classified under EU CLP Annex VI as Skin Corr. 1A with signal word Danger. Hazard statements: H314. Source: EU CLP Annex VI (ECHA).
Danger
GHS05
NOAEL Data
REACH Registered
Cosmetic Ingredient
Sodium hydroxide
Also known as: Na(OH), Sodium hydroxide (Na(OH)), Caswell No. 773, Caustic soda, liquid, EINECS 215-185-5 (+15 more)
CAS 1310-73-2
Sodium hydroxide (CAS 1310-73-2) is a chemical substance with GHS signal word Danger; key hazard signal: H314. Key regulatory status: REACH registered, 60 regulatory/inventory lists, cosmetic ingredient cross-reference; source data from ECHA CLP, EPA ToxValDB, EPA CPDat, AICIS, ECHA REACH, ILO ICSC, OSHA.
Cross-Vertical Regulatory Divergence
Sodium hydroxide is classified GHS Danger (H314) in the chemicals database but is restricted in EU cosmetics at max Annex III entry 25: max 3.0% as hair straightener in professional products; max 2.0% in general consumer products; pH limits apply. Not for children..
SOURCE
Cross-vertical comparison
Cosmetics: ingredients.eu_status/eu_max; Chemicals: eu_clp_annex_vi.signal_word/hazard_statement_code
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noael studies public
NOAEL studies
39
SOURCE
chemical inventory jurisdictions
Regulatory lists
60
SOURCE
eu clp annex vi
GHS signal
Danger
Chemical Identity
CAS, identifiers, formula, and alternate names for the matched substance record.
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DSSTox identifiers
25 fields
Name
Sodium hydroxide
CAS Number
1310-73-2
DTXSID
DTXSID0029634
Molecular Formula
Na.H2O
InChI Key
HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M
Synonyms
Na(OH)Sodium hydroxide (Na(OH))Caswell No. 773Caustic soda, liquidEINECS 215-185-5EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 075603Fuers RohrLewis-red devil lyeLiquid-plumrRohrputzRohrreiniger RofixSoda, hydrate
GHS / CLP Classification
EU harmonized hazard classification, hazard statements, pictograms, and signal word.
SOURCE
EU CLP Annex VI (ECHA)
1 classifications
| Hazard Class | H-Statements | Pictograms | Signal |
|---|---|---|---|
| Skin Corr. 1A | H314 | GHS05 | Danger |
ICSC Chemical Safety
International Chemical Safety Card hazard and exposure summary.
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ILO/WHO International Chemical Safety Cards
1 records
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| GHS Signal Word | DANGER |
| GHS Hazard Statements | Harmful if swallowed Causes severe skin burns and eye damage May cause respiratory irritation |
| Short-term Effects | The substance is corrosive to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Corrosive on ingestion. |
| Long-term Effects | Repeated or prolonged contact with skin may cause dermatitis. |
| Routes of Exposure | Serious local effects by all routes of exposure. |
OSHA Exposure Limits
Occupational exposure limits from OSHA, NIOSH, and ACGIH rows.
SOURCE
OSHA / NIOSH / ACGIH occupational exposure limits
5 records
| Agency | Metric | Value | ppm | mg/m3 | Skin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OSHA | TWA | 2 mg/m³ | - | 2 | N |
| NIOSH | CEILING | 2 mg/m³ | - | 2 | N |
| ACGIH | CEILING | 2 mg/m³ [1992] | - | 2 | N |
| CAL/OSHA | CEILING | 2 mg/m³ | - | 2 | N |
| NIOSH | IDLH | 10 mg/m³ | - | 10 | - |
Functional Uses
Industrial and product-use categories associated with this substance.
SOURCE
EPA CPDat
60 records
pH regulating agent
Regulatory Lists
Inventory, screening, and regulatory list matches from public chemical databases.
SOURCE
EPA CPDat
60 records
| List | Keyword | Source |
|---|---|---|
| active_ingredient; agricultural; applied; Pesticides | Arizona Department of Environmental Quality | State of Arizona |
| animal_products | USDA | United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) |
| - | Journal of Chemical Engineering & Process Technology | Published Articles |
| pharmaceutical | US International Trade Commission | CPCat |
| drinking_water; Europe; manufacturing; plastic_additive | Belgaqua | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | State of California | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | California Department of Pesticide Regulation | State of California |
| active_ingredient; Europe; Pesticides | European Commission | CPCat |
| inert_ingredient; Pesticides | EPA | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Europe; Pesticides | Commission of the European Communities | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | MN Department of Agriculture Pesticide Sales Database | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | MN Department of Agriculture Pesticide Sales Database | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | MN Department of Agriculture Pesticide Sales Database | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | MN Department of Agriculture Pesticide Sales Database | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | MN Department of Agriculture Pesticide Sales Database | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | MN Department of Agriculture Pesticide Sales Database | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | MN Department of Agriculture Pesticide Sales Database | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | MN Department of Agriculture Pesticide Sales Database | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | MN Department of Agriculture Pesticide Sales Database | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | MN Department of Agriculture Pesticide Sales Database | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | MN Department of Agriculture Pesticide Sales Database | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; Pesticides | MN Department of Agriculture Pesticide Sales Database | CPCat |
| Europe; supplements | EU | CPCat |
| Europe; food_additive; supplements | EU | CPCat |
| Europe; Personal care | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Cleaning products and household care - oven - oven cleaner; Europe | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
NOAEL Studies
Toxicology endpoints rendered from public NOAEL study rows.
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NOAEL studies
Showing 39 of 39 studies
| Value | Unit | Endpoint | Route | Species | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 | min | Breakthrough Time | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_irritation |
| 15.23 | min | Breakthrough Time | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_irritation |
| 15.59 | min | Breakthrough Time | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_irritation |
| 17 | min | Breakthrough Time | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_irritation |
| 17.66 | min | Breakthrough Time | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_irritation |
| 22 | min | Breakthrough Time | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_irritation |
| 24.84 | min | Breakthrough Time | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_irritation |
| 32.1 | min | Breakthrough Time | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_irritation |
| 34.32 | min | Breakthrough Time | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_irritation |
| =1 | mg/m3 | DNEL local | inhalation | Human | ToxValDB_GESTIS_DNEL |
| 108 | unitless | Draize rabbit irritation score | Ocular | Rabbit | NTP_ICE_eye_irritation |
| 55X04QC32I | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| 55X04QC32I | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| 55X04QC32I | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| 55X04QC32I | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| 1 | unitless | GHS Classification | Ocular | Rabbit | NTP_ICE_eye_irritation |
| 1 | unitless | GHS classification | Dermal | Rabbit | NTP_ICE_skin_irritation |
| 13.27 | %/sec | Intensity | Ocular | - | NTP_ICE_eye_irritation |
| =2 | mg/m3 | LEL | inhalation | Human | ToxValDB_NIOSH_IDLH |
| =0.5 | mg/m3 | LOAEL | inhalation | Human | ToxValDB_Cal_OEHHA_REL_derivations |
| =2 | % w/v | LOEL | dermal | European Rabbit | ToxValDB_ECOTOX |
| =8 | % w/v | LOEL | dermal | European Rabbit | ToxValDB_ECOTOX |
| =10 | mM | LOEL | oral | Rat | ToxValDB_ECOTOX |
| =75 | mM | LOEL | oral | Rat | ToxValDB_ECOTOX |
| =200 | mM | LOEL | oral | Rat | ToxValDB_ECOTOX |
| - | s | Lag time | Ocular | - | NTP_ICE_eye_irritation |
| 1 | mg/kg bw/day | NOAEL | oral | rat | COSMOS_DB |
| 147 | mg/kg bw/day | NOAEL | oral | rabbit | COSMOS_DB |
| 200 | mg/kg bw/day | NOAEL | oral | mouse | COSMOS_DB |
| 700 | mg/kg bw/day | NOAEL | oral | rat | COSMOS_DB |
| 5000 | mg/kg bw/day | NOAEL | oral | rabbit | COSMOS_DB |
| =0.1 | mM | NOEL | oral | Rat | ToxValDB_ECOTOX |
| =0.1 | N | NOEL | oral | Rat | ToxValDB_ECOTOX |
| =5 | % | NOEL | oral | Rat | ToxValDB_ECOTOX |
| 133 | % | Plateau level | Ocular | - | NTP_ICE_eye_irritation |
| 58.2 | % | Positive reaction | Dermal | Human | NTP_ICE_skin_irritation |
| 60.6 | % | Positive reaction | Dermal | Human | NTP_ICE_skin_irritation |
| 1.2 | kiloohms | TER | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_irritation |
| 1.3 | kiloohms | TER | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_irritation |
Showing 39 of 39 studies
REACH Registration
Registration status from the ECHA REACH registered substances database.
SOURCE
ECHA (EU)
1 records
| Status | Name | EC Number | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| Registered | Sodium hydroxide | 215-185-5 | ECHA overview → |
Australian Status (AICIS)
Australian industrial chemicals inventory status and applicable conditions.
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AICIS inventory
1 records
Inventory Status
listed
Cosmetic Safety Profile
Same-CAS cosmetic ingredient record for cross-vertical context.
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CosIng / Ingredients DB
EU Status
restricted
Max
Annex III entry 25: max 3.0% as hair straightener in professional products; max 2.0% in general consumer products; pH limits apply. Not for children.
Category
active
Pharmaceutical Data
Same-CAS pharmaceutical records from drug and bioactivity sources.
SOURCE
EMBL-EBI ChEMBL
SODIUM HYDROXIDE
ChEMBL Phase
-1
Adverse Events
8
Bioactivity
0
Food Safety Data
Same-CAS food additive, ADI, and GRAS records where available.
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EFSA / FDA GRAS
1 records
E524 — ADI: NOT LIMITED mg/kg bw
View full food safety profile →Cannabis Data
Same-CAS cannabis compliance and lab records where available.
SOURCE
Cannabis regulatory / lab data
efsa substances
1 cannabis record found in efsa substances.
View full cannabis profile →Frequently Asked Questions
What is the NOAEL for Sodium hydroxide?
Sodium hydroxide has 39 NOAEL studies in the database. The lowest reported value is 0 s via Ocular. Source: NTP_ICE_eye_irritation.
What regulatory lists include Sodium hydroxide?
Sodium hydroxide appears on 23 regulatory/inventory lists including active_ingredient; agricultural; applied; Pesticides, animal_products, pharmaceutical, and 20 more. Source: EPA CPDat.
What are the occupational exposure limits for Sodium hydroxide?
Occupational exposure limits for Sodium hydroxide are set by OSHA, NIOSH, ACGIH. 5 limit values from official agencies are documented in the database. Source: OSHA, NIOSH, ACGIH.
Is Sodium hydroxide used in cosmetics?
Yes, Sodium hydroxide is also indexed as a cosmetic ingredient under the name Sodium Hydroxide. View the full cosmetic safety profile on the ingredient page for detailed safety data, SCCS opinions, and regulatory status.
Where does the safety data for Sodium hydroxide come from?
Safety data is sourced from ECHA CLP Annex VI, EPA ToxValDB, EPA CPDat, AICIS (Australian Industrial Chemicals Introduction Scheme), EPA DSSTox, ECHA REACH, ILO/WHO ICSC, OSHA/NIOSH/ACGIH, CosIng / Ingredients DB, ChEMBL / DailyMed, EFSA / FDA GRAS, cannabis regulatory/lab databases. All data traces to primary regulatory sources and is updated from official government databases.
Does Sodium hydroxide have different safety status in cosmetics vs industrial chemicals?
Sodium hydroxide is classified GHS Danger (H314) in the chemicals database but is restricted in EU cosmetics at max Annex III entry 25: max 3.0% as hair straightener in professional products; max 2.0% in general consumer products; pH limits apply. Not for children..
Is Sodium hydroxide used outside industrial chemicals?
Sodium hydroxide also appears in cosmetics, pharmaceutical, food safety, cannabis databases.