What is the NOAEL for 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester?
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester has 100 NOAEL studies in the database. The lowest reported value is 0.0356 fraction in Rat. Source: NTP_ICE_adme_parameters.
NOAEL Data
SVHC
REACH Registered
Cosmetic Ingredient
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester
Also known as: Butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, Butyl p-hydroxybenzoate, n-Butyl-p-hydroxybenzoate, BRN 1103741, n-Butyl hydroxybenzoate (+9 more)
CAS 94-26-8
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester (CAS 94-26-8) is a chemical substance; key hazard signal: Endocrine disrupting properties (Article 57(f) - human health). Key regulatory status: SVHC Candidate List, REACH registered, 60 regulatory/inventory lists, cosmetic ingredient cross-reference; source data from EPA ToxValDB, EPA CPDat, AICIS, SCCS, ECHA REACH, ECHA SVHC.
Cross-Vertical Regulatory Divergence
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester is classified GHS Danger (H315, H318, H319, H335, H412) in the chemicals database but is restricted in EU cosmetics at max 0.14% (as acid).
SOURCE
Cross-vertical comparison
Cosmetics: ingredients.eu_status/eu_max; Chemicals: ghs_classifications.signal_word/hazard_statement_code
SOURCE
noael studies public
NOAEL studies
100
SOURCE
chemical inventory jurisdictions
Regulatory lists
60
SOURCE
eu clp annex vi
GHS signal
Not classified
Chemical Identity
CAS, identifiers, formula, and alternate names for the matched substance record.
SOURCE
DSSTox identifiers
20 fields
Name
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester
CAS Number
94-26-8
DTXSID
DTXSID3020209
Molecular Formula
C11H14O3
InChI Key
QFOHBWFCKVYLES-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Monoisotopic Mass
194.094294
Synonyms
Butyl 4-hydroxybenzoateButyl p-hydroxybenzoaten-Butyl-p-hydroxybenzoateBRN 1103741n-Butyl hydroxybenzoaten-Butyl parahydroxybenzoateButyl-ParaseptCaswell No. 130AEINECS 202-318-7EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 061205FEMA No. 2203FEMA Number 2203
Substance of Very High Concern (SVHC)
Candidate List status and reason under the ECHA REACH SVHC program.
SOURCE
ECHA (EU)
1 records
| Substance | Reason | Included |
|---|---|---|
| Butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate | Endocrine disrupting properties (Article 57(f) - human health) | 25-Jun-2020 |
Functional Uses
Industrial and product-use categories associated with this substance.
SOURCE
EPA CPDat
24 records
PreservativeDeodorizerFragranceFlavouring and nutrientFood preservative
Regulatory Lists
Inventory, screening, and regulatory list matches from public chemical databases.
SOURCE
EPA CPDat
60 records
| List | Keyword | Source |
|---|---|---|
| active_ingredient; Europe; Pesticides | Commission of the European Communities | CPCat |
| active_ingredient; animal_products; Europe; pharmaceutical; residue | EU | CPCat |
| Europe | European Commission | Fl@vis |
| Personal care; Southeast Asia | Asean | ASEAN Cosmetics |
| IFRA Transparency | IFRA | IFRA |
| inert_ingredient; non_food_use; Pesticides | EPA | CPCat |
| food_additive; Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS) (2/2019) | FDA | United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) |
| air; detected; emissions; Europe; Vehicle - car interior | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| detected; Europe; Vehicle - car interior | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| children; WA Children's Safe Product Act (4/2020) | State of Washington Department of Ecology | State of Washington |
| children | Vermont Department of Health | State of Vermont |
| children | Maine Department of Environmental Protection | State of Maine |
| Europe; restricted | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| children | Oregon Health Authority | State of Oregon |
| artificial_sweat; detected; emissions; Europe; Toys and children's products | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Europe; pharmaceutical | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| detected; Personal care; Southeast Asia | Asean | ASEAN Cosmetics |
| Europe; Personal care - body hygiene - hand soap | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| children; Europe; Personal care | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| children; Europe; Personal care - general moisturizing - hand/body lotion | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| children; Europe; Personal care - body hygiene - body wash | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| children; Europe; Personal care - hair styling and care - shampoo | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| children; Europe; Personal care - specialized bath products - bubble bath | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| children; Europe; Personal care | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| children; Europe; Personal care | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| children; Europe; Personal care | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| children; Europe; Personal care | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| detected; Europe; Personal care - sexual wellness | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| detected; Europe; Personal care - sexual wellness | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| detected; MN Chemical Screening; surface_water | Minnesota Pollution Control Agency | State of Minnesota |
| Canada; pharmaceutical | DrugBank | DrugBank |
| Canada; pharmaceutical | DrugBank | DrugBank |
| Arts and crafts/Office supplies - general arts and crafts supplies - arts and crafts paint; Europe | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| consumer_product; Europe | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Europe; nondetect; Other direct contact consumer goods - apparel | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Europe; Personal care - hair styling and care - shampoo-dandruff | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| Europe; nondetect; Personal care - sexual wellness | Danish Environmental Protection Agency | Danish EPA |
| nondetect; Toys and children's products | State of Washington Department of Ecology | State of Washington |
| nondetect; Toys and children's products | State of Washington Department of Ecology | State of Washington |
| detected; Toys and children's products | State of Washington Department of Ecology | State of Washington |
NOAEL Studies
Toxicology endpoints rendered from public NOAEL study rows.
SOURCE
NOAEL studies
Showing 50 of 100 studies
| Value | Unit | Endpoint | Route | Species | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | % | - | oral | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| =2 | mg/kg bw/day | - | - | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| =2 | mg/kg bw/day | - | - | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 2 | mg/ kg bw /day | - | - | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| =2 | mg/kg bw/day | - | - | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| =10 | mg/kg bw/day | - | - | - | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| =10 | mg/kg bw/day | - | - | - | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| =10 | mg/kg bw | - | - | mouse | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 26.9 | mg/kg | - | - | mouse | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 26.9 | mg/kg | - | - | mouse | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 93 | - | - | - | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| =100 | mg/kg bw/day | - | - | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 100 | mg/kg bw/ day | - | - | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| =150 | mg/kg bw/day | - | - | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 310 | mg/kg | - | - | mouse | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 325 | mg/kg bw/day | - | - | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 400 | mg/kg bw/day | - | oral | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 400 | mg/kg bw/day | - | - | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 900 | mg/kg bw/day | - | oral | mouse | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 900 | mg/kg bw/day | - | oral | mouse | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 940 | mg/kg bw/day | - | - | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 949 | mg/kg/day | - | - | mouse | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 949 | mg/kg bw/day | - | - | mouse | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 949 | mg/kg/day | - | - | mouse | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 950 | mg/kg bw/day | - | - | - | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 950 | mg/kg bw/day | - | - | mouse | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 1000 | mg/kg/day | - | - | - | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 1000 | mg/kg bw/day | - | - | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 1504 | mg/kg/day | - | oral | mouse | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 1504 | mg/kg bw/day | - | - | - | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 5000 | ppm | - | - | - | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 5000 | ppm | - | - | - | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 10000 | ppm | - | oral | rat | UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies |
| 4.6867652031015 | uM | AC50 | - | - | NTP_ICE_endocrine |
| 41100 | nM | AC50/EC50/IC50 | - | - | NTP_ICE_endocrine |
| 68000 | nM | AC50/EC50/IC50 | - | - | NTP_ICE_endocrine |
| 620000 | nM | AC50/EC50/IC50 | - | - | NTP_ICE_endocrine |
| 1.98886677293605 | uM | ACC | - | - | NTP_ICE_endocrine |
| 39.3 | uL/min/10^6 cells | Clint | - | Human | NTP_ICE_adme_parameters |
| 271 | uL/min/10^6 cells | Clint | - | Rat | NTP_ICE_adme_parameters |
| 3QPI1U3FV8 | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| 3QPI1U3FV8 | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| 3QPI1U3FV8 | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| 3QPI1U3FV8 | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| 0.0356 | fraction | Fu | - | Rat | NTP_ICE_adme_parameters |
| 0.04157 | fraction | Fu | - | Human | NTP_ICE_adme_parameters |
| 17300 | nM | IC01 | - | - | NTP_ICE_endocrine |
| 7100 | nM | IC50 | - | - | NTP_ICE_endocrine |
| =7 | mg/kg bw/day | LEL | injection | Mouse | ToxValDB_Uterotrophic_Hershberger_DB |
| =21 | mg/kg bw/day | LEL | injection | Mouse | ToxValDB_Uterotrophic_Hershberger_DB |
Showing 50 of 100 studies
REACH Registration
Registration status from the ECHA REACH registered substances database.
SOURCE
ECHA (EU)
1 records
| Status | Name | EC Number | Link |
|---|---|---|---|
| Registered | butyl 4-hydroxybenzoate | 202-318-7 | ECHA overview → |
Australian Status (AICIS)
Australian industrial chemicals inventory status and applicable conditions.
SOURCE
AICIS inventory
1 records
Inventory Status
listed
SCCS Opinions
EU Scientific Committee opinions tied to the matched substance.
SOURCE
EU SCCS
2 opinions
| Opinion | Date | Conclusion | Max Conc. | Concerns |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SCCS/1674/25 | 30 April 2025 | Safe with restrictions — safe individually but not in combination at 0.14% for children aged 0.5–10 years | Rinse-off: 0.14%; Leave-on: 0.002%; Oral care: 0.092% | Endocrine disruption (anti-androgenic); aggregate exposure concerns in children; requires separate assessment from adult use |
| SCCS/1651/23 | 26 October 2023 | Safe — safe at 0.14% (as acid); separate opinion issued for children's exposure | 0.14% (as acid) | Endocrine disruption potential (anti-androgenic activity); children's exposure flagged for separate opinion |
Cosmetic Safety Profile
Same-CAS cosmetic ingredient record for cross-vertical context.
SOURCE
CosIng / Ingredients DB
EU Status
restricted
Max
0.14% (as acid)
Category
preservative
Pharmaceutical Data
Same-CAS pharmaceutical records from drug and bioactivity sources.
SOURCE
EMBL-EBI ChEMBL
BUTYLPARABEN
ChEMBL Phase
-1
Adverse Events
0
Bioactivity
5
Food Safety Data
Same-CAS food additive, ADI, and GRAS records where available.
SOURCE
EFSA / FDA GRAS
1 records
ADI: No safety concern at current levels of intake when used as a flavouring agent mg/kg bw
View full food safety profile →Cannabis Data
Same-CAS cannabis compliance and lab records where available.
SOURCE
Cannabis regulatory / lab data
efsa substances
1 cannabis record found in efsa substances.
View full cannabis profile →Frequently Asked Questions
What regulatory lists include 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester?
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester appears on 31 regulatory/inventory lists including active_ingredient; Europe; Pesticides, active_ingredient; animal_products; Europe; pharmaceutical; residue, Europe, and 28 more. Source: EPA CPDat.
Is 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester a Substance of Very High Concern (SVHC)?
Yes, 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester is listed on the ECHA REACH Candidate List as a Substance of Very High Concern. Reason: Endocrine disrupting properties (Article 57(f) - human health). Source: ECHA SVHC Candidate List.
Is 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester used in cosmetics?
Yes, 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester is also indexed as a cosmetic ingredient under the name Butylparaben. View the full cosmetic safety profile on the ingredient page for detailed safety data, SCCS opinions, and regulatory status.
Where does the safety data for 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester come from?
Safety data is sourced from EPA ToxValDB, EPA CPDat, AICIS (Australian Industrial Chemicals Introduction Scheme), EPA DSSTox, ECHA REACH, ECHA SVHC Candidate List, CosIng / Ingredients DB, ChEMBL / DailyMed, EFSA / FDA GRAS, cannabis regulatory/lab databases. All data traces to primary regulatory sources and is updated from official government databases.
Does 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester have different safety status in cosmetics vs industrial chemicals?
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester is classified GHS Danger (H315, H318, H319, H335, H412) in the chemicals database but is restricted in EU cosmetics at max 0.14% (as acid).
Is 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester used outside industrial chemicals?
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid butyl ester also appears in cosmetics, pharmaceutical, food safety, cannabis databases.