NOAEL Studies
Cosmetic Ingredient
Formaldehyde NOAEL Studies
INCI: FORMALDEHYDE
CAS: 50-00-0
Raw No Observed Adverse Effect Level endpoint records grouped by source. This page does not render calculated Margin of Safety values.
ATSDR_toxval_ATSDR_MRLs.xlsx 5 endpoints
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATSDR_toxval_ATSDR_MRLs.xlsx | LOAEL | =0.491225 | mg/m3 | Human (M/F) | inhalation | acute; 2 hours | clinical | ATSDR MRLs; row_hash=2b858d66face8c78; source_hash=ToxValhc_cf1fbad1107b9e6129b2b99265cec7a0; raw_endpoint_type=LOAEL; raw_endpoint_subtype=; raw_value=0.4; raw_unit=ppm; effect=respiratory; effect_category=clinical signs; file=toxval_ATSDR_MRLs.xlsx; long_ref=Pazdrak, K, Gorski, P, Krakowiak, A and Urszula, R (1993). Changes in Nasal Lavage Fluid Due to Formaldehyde Inhalation. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 64: 515-519.; stored_source_record=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6568f4f3e4b063812d585770 |
| ATSDR_toxval_ATSDR_MRLs.xlsx | LOAEL | =0.294735 | mg/m3 | Human (unknown) | inhalation | chronic; 1 years | occupational | ATSDR MRLs; row_hash=615a2ac0677c5a26; source_hash=ToxValhc_841fde9e4b22207961a471ca954b8195; raw_endpoint_type=LOAEL; raw_endpoint_subtype=; raw_value=0.24; raw_unit=ppm; effect=respiratory; effect_category=clinical signs; file=toxval_ATSDR_MRLs.xlsx; long_ref=Holmstrom M, Wilhelmsson B, Hellquist H, et al. 1989c. Histological changes in the nasal mucosa in persons occupationally exposed to formaldehyde alone and in combination with wood dust. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 107:120-129.; stored_source_record=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6568f4f3e4b063812d585770 |
| ATSDR_toxval_ATSDR_MRLs.xlsx | NOAEL | =1.2035 | mg/m3 | Monkey (Cynomolgus; M) | inhalation | chronic; 26 weeks | chronic | ATSDR MRLs; row_hash=22e6dbde346e24cd; source_hash=ToxValhc_b7d7b46c4a865558144112b38efa6ac1; raw_endpoint_type=NOAEL; raw_endpoint_subtype=; raw_value=0.98; raw_unit=ppm; effect=respiratory; effect_category=clinical signs; file=toxval_ATSDR_MRLs.xlsx; long_ref=Rusch, G, Clary, JJ, Rinehart WE and Bolte, HF (1983). A 26 Week Inhalation Toxicity Study with Formaldehyde in the Monkey, Rat and Hamster. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 68: 329-343.; stored_source_record=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6568f4f3e4b063812d585770 |
| ATSDR_toxval_ATSDR_MRLs.xlsx | NOAEL | =25 | mg/kg/day | Rat (Wistar; M/F) | oral | short-term; 4 weeks | short-term | ATSDR MRLs; row_hash=2d6702b223c90285; source_hash=ToxValhc_50039a1b2b335c71d69bf7afa34958dd; raw_endpoint_type=NOAEL; raw_endpoint_subtype=; raw_value=25; raw_unit=mg/kg/day; method=drinking water; effect=gastrointestinal; effect_category=other; file=toxval_ATSDR_MRLs.xlsx; long_ref=Til HP, Woutersen RA, Feron VJ, Clary JJ (1988b). Evaluation of the oral toxicity of acetaldehyde and formaldehyde in a 4-week drinking-water study in rats. Fd. Chem. Toxic 26: 447-452.; stored_source_record=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6568f4f3e4b063812d585770 |
| ATSDR_toxval_ATSDR_MRLs.xlsx | NOAEL | =15 | mg/kg/day | Rat (Wistar; M) | oral | chronic; 2 years | chronic | ATSDR MRLs; row_hash=e132330c9df6962d; source_hash=ToxValhc_35d04e01cc2a7478f85cff5cd4c4dcf4; raw_endpoint_type=NOAEL; raw_endpoint_subtype=; raw_value=15; raw_unit=mg/kg/day; method=drinking water; effect=gastrointestinal; effect_category=other; file=toxval_ATSDR_MRLs.xlsx; long_ref=Til HP, Woutersen RA, Feron VJ, Hollanders VHM, Falke HE, Clary JJ (1989). Two-year drinking-water study of formaldehyde in rats. Fd. Chem. Toxic 27: 77-86.; stored_source_record=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6568f4f3e4b063812d585770 |
COSMOS_DB 14 endpoints
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COSMOS_DB | LOAEL | 82 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | 2 year | Chronic | IRIS;Munro |
| COSMOS_DB | NOAEL | 9.4 | mg/kg bw/day | dog | oral | 54 day | Developmental | US FDA CFSAN PAFA; US FDA CFSAN PAFA Study |
| COSMOS_DB | NOAEL | 20 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | 28 day | Short Term Toxicity | US FDA CFSAN PAFA; US FDA CFSAN PAFA Study |
| COSMOS_DB | NOAEL | 21 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | 2 year | Chronic | IRIS;Munro |
| COSMOS_DB | NOAEL | 25 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | 90 day | Neurotoxicity | US FDA CFSAN PAFA; US FDA CFSAN PAFA Study |
| COSMOS_DB | NOAEL | 75 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | 728 day | Carcinogenicity | US FDA CFSAN PAFA; US FDA CFSAN PAFA Study |
| COSMOS_DB | NOAEL | 95 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | 728 day | Carcinogenicity | US FDA CFSAN PAFA; US FDA CFSAN PAFA Study |
| COSMOS_DB | NOAEL | 100 | mg/kg bw/day | dog | oral | 90 day | Subchronic | US FDA CFSAN PAFA; US FDA CFSAN PAFA Study |
| COSMOS_DB | NOAEL | 125 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | 28 day | Short Term Toxicity | US FDA CFSAN PAFA; US FDA CFSAN PAFA Study |
| COSMOS_DB | NOAEL | 150 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | 90 day | Subchronic | US FDA CFSAN PAFA; US FDA CFSAN PAFA Study |
| COSMOS_DB | NOAEL | 185 | mg/kg bw/day | mouse | oral | 10 day | Developmental | US FDA CFSAN PAFA; US FDA CFSAN PAFA Study |
| COSMOS_DB | NOAEL | 250 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | 728 day | Carcinogenicity | US FDA CFSAN PAFA; US FDA CFSAN PAFA Study |
| COSMOS_DB | NOAEL | 300 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | 728 day | Carcinogenicity | US FDA CFSAN PAFA; US FDA CFSAN PAFA Study |
| COSMOS_DB | NOAEL | 540 | mg/kg bw/day | mouse | oral | 5 day | Reproductive | US FDA CFSAN PAFA; US FDA CFSAN PAFA Study |
California Proposition 65 8 endpoints
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| California Proposition 65 | California Proposition 65 NSRL | SQE40 | ug/day | - | - | 1988-01-01 | No significant risk level | {"cancer_reproductive":"cancer","listed_date":"1988-01-01","listing_mechanism":"SQE","madl":null,"nsrl":"40","row_type":"nsrl","source_table":"prop65_listings"} |
| California Proposition 65 | California Proposition 65 NSRL | SQE40 | ug/day | - | - | 1988-01-01 | No significant risk level | {"cancer_reproductive":"cancer","listed_date":"1988-01-01","listing_mechanism":"SQE","madl":null,"nsrl":"40","row_type":"nsrl","source_table":"prop65_listings"} |
| California Proposition 65 | California Proposition 65 NSRL | SQE40 | ug/day | - | - | 1988-01-01 | No significant risk level | {"cancer_reproductive":"cancer","listed_date":"1988-01-01","listing_mechanism":"SQE","madl":null,"nsrl":"40","row_type":"nsrl","source_table":"prop65_listings"} |
| California Proposition 65 | California Proposition 65 NSRL | SQE40 | ug/day | - | - | 1988-01-01 | No significant risk level | {"cancer_reproductive":"cancer","listed_date":"1988-01-01","listing_mechanism":"SQE","madl":null,"nsrl":"40","row_type":"nsrl","source_table":"prop65_listings"} |
| California Proposition 65 | California Proposition 65 listing | SQEcancer | listing type | - | - | 1988-01-01 | California Proposition 65 listing | {"cancer_reproductive":"cancer","listed_date":"1988-01-01","listing_mechanism":"SQE","madl":null,"nsrl":"40","source_table":"prop65_listings"} |
| California Proposition 65 | California Proposition 65 listing | SQEcancer | listing type | - | - | 1988-01-01 | California Proposition 65 listing | {"cancer_reproductive":"cancer","listed_date":"1988-01-01","listing_mechanism":"SQE","madl":null,"nsrl":"40","source_table":"prop65_listings"} |
| California Proposition 65 | California Proposition 65 listing | SQEcancer | listing type | - | - | 1988-01-01 | California Proposition 65 listing | {"cancer_reproductive":"cancer","listed_date":"1988-01-01","listing_mechanism":"SQE","madl":null,"nsrl":"40","source_table":"prop65_listings"} |
| California Proposition 65 | California Proposition 65 listing | SQEcancer | listing type | - | - | 1988-01-01 | California Proposition 65 listing | {"cancer_reproductive":"cancer","listed_date":"1988-01-01","listing_mechanism":"SQE","madl":null,"nsrl":"40","source_table":"prop65_listings"} |
ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip 42 endpoints
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | LOAEL | >9.4 | mg/kg bw/day | other: | oral: feed | - | developmental toxicity | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=424f54d4-db45-42a2-b608-260750e11b1b_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=424f54d4-db45-42a2-b608-260750e11b1b/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=DevelopmentalToxicityTeratogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1973; basis=other:; key_result=false; entry_uuid=1d3b40ac-0844-42f2-ba85-55604e90f311 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | LOAEL | 74 | mg/kg bw/day | mouse | oral: gavage | - | developmental toxicity | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=295b26d6-49db-4af9-b9d3-3009ab2b977f_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=295b26d6-49db-4af9-b9d3-3009ab2b977f/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=DevelopmentalToxicityTeratogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1980; basis=body weight and weight gain; key_result=false; entry_uuid=a8ee4cf7-8eca-4911-9b18-4f0f6872c087 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | LOAEL | 50 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | carcinogenicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=c2f2e120-a991-463f-85d9-583692c26b06_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=c2f2e120-a991-463f-85d9-583692c26b06/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=Carcinogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1989; basis=other:; key_result=false; entry_uuid=32a34abb-1fe7-4e86-ae94-9a920b0f9b64 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | LOAEL | >9.4 | mg/kg bw/day | other: | oral: feed | - | developmental toxicity | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=424f54d4-db45-42a2-b608-260750e11b1b_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=424f54d4-db45-42a2-b608-260750e11b1b/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=DevelopmentalToxicityTeratogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1973; basis=other:; key_result=false; entry_uuid=1d3b40ac-0844-42f2-ba85-55604e90f311 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | LOAEL | 74 | mg/kg bw/day | mouse | oral: gavage | - | developmental toxicity | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=295b26d6-49db-4af9-b9d3-3009ab2b977f_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=295b26d6-49db-4af9-b9d3-3009ab2b977f/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=DevelopmentalToxicityTeratogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1980; basis=body weight and weight gain; key_result=false; entry_uuid=a8ee4cf7-8eca-4911-9b18-4f0f6872c087 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | LOAEL | 50 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | carcinogenicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=c2f2e120-a991-463f-85d9-583692c26b06_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=c2f2e120-a991-463f-85d9-583692c26b06/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=Carcinogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1989; basis=other:; key_result=false; entry_uuid=32a34abb-1fe7-4e86-ae94-9a920b0f9b64 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | LOAEL | >9.4 | mg/kg bw/day | other: | oral: feed | - | developmental toxicity | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=424f54d4-db45-42a2-b608-260750e11b1b_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=424f54d4-db45-42a2-b608-260750e11b1b/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=DevelopmentalToxicityTeratogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1973; basis=other:; key_result=false; entry_uuid=1d3b40ac-0844-42f2-ba85-55604e90f311 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | LOAEL | 74 | mg/kg bw/day | mouse | oral: gavage | - | developmental toxicity | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=295b26d6-49db-4af9-b9d3-3009ab2b977f_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=295b26d6-49db-4af9-b9d3-3009ab2b977f/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=DevelopmentalToxicityTeratogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1980; basis=body weight and weight gain; key_result=false; entry_uuid=a8ee4cf7-8eca-4911-9b18-4f0f6872c087 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | LOAEL | 50 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | carcinogenicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=c2f2e120-a991-463f-85d9-583692c26b06_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=c2f2e120-a991-463f-85d9-583692c26b06/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=Carcinogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1989; basis=other:; key_result=false; entry_uuid=32a34abb-1fe7-4e86-ae94-9a920b0f9b64 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | 25 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | chronic toxicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=2cd4ffe0-c951-4669-bbc5-80740c705b09_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=2cd4ffe0-c951-4669-bbc5-80740c705b09/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=RepeatedDoseToxicityOral; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1989; basis=body weight and weight gain; key_result=false; entry_uuid=5bc5441b-416b-4688-9b82-3b1ca895666c |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | 10 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | chronic toxicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=9590ae69-3030-4a67-a62b-eef042a4ca7b_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=9590ae69-3030-4a67-a62b-eef042a4ca7b/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=RepeatedDoseToxicityOral; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1989; basis=histopathology: non-neoplastic; key_result=false; entry_uuid=ea28dc0b-82c7-4545-9d2c-df1879359219 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | <=2 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: gavage | - | developmental toxicity | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=b8c5377d-9f8c-4db2-bd43-53ac7b9b3401_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=b8c5377d-9f8c-4db2-bd43-53ac7b9b3401/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=DevelopmentalToxicityTeratogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=2017; basis=behaviour (functional findings); key_result=false; upper_value=2; entry_uuid=5871a7f4-b897-4ed5-a2c9-4874e37e30ec |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | 82 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | carcinogenicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=22985779-1a96-4fc6-a315-2f6187e1daec_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=22985779-1a96-4fc6-a315-2f6187e1daec/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=Carcinogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1989; basis=other:; key_result=false; entry_uuid=d01e67ad-31ac-4270-94c5-fbbea2dd9bc4 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | 109 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | carcinogenicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=22985779-1a96-4fc6-a315-2f6187e1daec_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=22985779-1a96-4fc6-a315-2f6187e1daec/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=Carcinogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1989; basis=other:; key_result=false; entry_uuid=0e33d5ca-d889-4767-abc8-f2377ddb7be3 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | 15 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | carcinogenicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=22985779-1a96-4fc6-a315-2f6187e1daec_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=22985779-1a96-4fc6-a315-2f6187e1daec/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=Carcinogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1989; basis=other:; key_result=false; entry_uuid=faed6540-21d1-4066-892e-c4d163cdbb70 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | 21 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | carcinogenicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=22985779-1a96-4fc6-a315-2f6187e1daec_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=22985779-1a96-4fc6-a315-2f6187e1daec/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=Carcinogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1989; basis=other:; key_result=false; entry_uuid=91182632-53c3-4ebe-aba2-1268406f5166 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | 185 | mg/kg bw/day | mouse | oral: gavage | - | developmental toxicity | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=295b26d6-49db-4af9-b9d3-3009ab2b977f_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=295b26d6-49db-4af9-b9d3-3009ab2b977f/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=DevelopmentalToxicityTeratogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1980; basis=other:; key_result=false; entry_uuid=aea25166-69ea-42bc-b4c5-eeab3bd8328f |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | <=20 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: gavage | - | short-term repeated dose toxicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=b981d3ea-1d49-4658-8dd9-030e33a93510_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=b981d3ea-1d49-4658-8dd9-030e33a93510/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=RepeatedDoseToxicityOral; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1993; basis=histopathology: neoplastic; key_result=false; upper_value=20; entry_uuid=44eaef4b-b611-4021-a8ef-2432329e6329 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | <=50 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | sub-chronic toxicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=e5eae057-b3ad-418d-b6df-069a8d4a1bde_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=e5eae057-b3ad-418d-b6df-069a8d4a1bde/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=RepeatedDoseToxicityOral; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1986; basis=water consumption and compound intake; key_result=false; upper_value=50; entry_uuid=ce3ec85c-daa2-4855-99d4-d986f1b40de4 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | 300 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | carcinogenicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=c2f2e120-a991-463f-85d9-583692c26b06_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=c2f2e120-a991-463f-85d9-583692c26b06/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=Carcinogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1989; basis=other:; key_result=false; entry_uuid=04fc5d61-81e8-4960-b299-e3a8b8e42770 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | 25 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | chronic toxicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=2cd4ffe0-c951-4669-bbc5-80740c705b09_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=2cd4ffe0-c951-4669-bbc5-80740c705b09/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=RepeatedDoseToxicityOral; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1989; basis=body weight and weight gain; key_result=false; entry_uuid=5bc5441b-416b-4688-9b82-3b1ca895666c |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | 10 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | chronic toxicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=9590ae69-3030-4a67-a62b-eef042a4ca7b_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=9590ae69-3030-4a67-a62b-eef042a4ca7b/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=RepeatedDoseToxicityOral; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1989; basis=histopathology: non-neoplastic; key_result=false; entry_uuid=ea28dc0b-82c7-4545-9d2c-df1879359219 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | <=2 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: gavage | - | developmental toxicity | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=b8c5377d-9f8c-4db2-bd43-53ac7b9b3401_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=b8c5377d-9f8c-4db2-bd43-53ac7b9b3401/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=DevelopmentalToxicityTeratogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=2017; basis=behaviour (functional findings); key_result=false; upper_value=2; entry_uuid=5871a7f4-b897-4ed5-a2c9-4874e37e30ec |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | 82 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | carcinogenicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=22985779-1a96-4fc6-a315-2f6187e1daec_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=22985779-1a96-4fc6-a315-2f6187e1daec/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=Carcinogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1989; basis=other:; key_result=false; entry_uuid=d01e67ad-31ac-4270-94c5-fbbea2dd9bc4 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | 109 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | carcinogenicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=22985779-1a96-4fc6-a315-2f6187e1daec_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=22985779-1a96-4fc6-a315-2f6187e1daec/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=Carcinogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1989; basis=other:; key_result=false; entry_uuid=0e33d5ca-d889-4767-abc8-f2377ddb7be3 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | 15 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | carcinogenicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=22985779-1a96-4fc6-a315-2f6187e1daec_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=22985779-1a96-4fc6-a315-2f6187e1daec/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=Carcinogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1989; basis=other:; key_result=false; entry_uuid=faed6540-21d1-4066-892e-c4d163cdbb70 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | 21 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | carcinogenicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=22985779-1a96-4fc6-a315-2f6187e1daec_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=22985779-1a96-4fc6-a315-2f6187e1daec/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=Carcinogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1989; basis=other:; key_result=false; entry_uuid=91182632-53c3-4ebe-aba2-1268406f5166 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | 185 | mg/kg bw/day | mouse | oral: gavage | - | developmental toxicity | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=295b26d6-49db-4af9-b9d3-3009ab2b977f_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=295b26d6-49db-4af9-b9d3-3009ab2b977f/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=DevelopmentalToxicityTeratogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1980; basis=other:; key_result=false; entry_uuid=aea25166-69ea-42bc-b4c5-eeab3bd8328f |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | <=20 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: gavage | - | short-term repeated dose toxicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=b981d3ea-1d49-4658-8dd9-030e33a93510_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=b981d3ea-1d49-4658-8dd9-030e33a93510/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=RepeatedDoseToxicityOral; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1993; basis=histopathology: neoplastic; key_result=false; upper_value=20; entry_uuid=44eaef4b-b611-4021-a8ef-2432329e6329 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | <=50 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | sub-chronic toxicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=e5eae057-b3ad-418d-b6df-069a8d4a1bde_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=e5eae057-b3ad-418d-b6df-069a8d4a1bde/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=RepeatedDoseToxicityOral; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1986; basis=water consumption and compound intake; key_result=false; upper_value=50; entry_uuid=ce3ec85c-daa2-4855-99d4-d986f1b40de4 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | 300 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | carcinogenicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=c2f2e120-a991-463f-85d9-583692c26b06_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=c2f2e120-a991-463f-85d9-583692c26b06/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=Carcinogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1989; basis=other:; key_result=false; entry_uuid=04fc5d61-81e8-4960-b299-e3a8b8e42770 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | 25 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | chronic toxicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=2cd4ffe0-c951-4669-bbc5-80740c705b09_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=2cd4ffe0-c951-4669-bbc5-80740c705b09/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=RepeatedDoseToxicityOral; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1989; basis=body weight and weight gain; key_result=false; entry_uuid=5bc5441b-416b-4688-9b82-3b1ca895666c |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | 10 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | chronic toxicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=9590ae69-3030-4a67-a62b-eef042a4ca7b_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=9590ae69-3030-4a67-a62b-eef042a4ca7b/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=RepeatedDoseToxicityOral; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1989; basis=histopathology: non-neoplastic; key_result=false; entry_uuid=ea28dc0b-82c7-4545-9d2c-df1879359219 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | <=2 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: gavage | - | developmental toxicity | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=b8c5377d-9f8c-4db2-bd43-53ac7b9b3401_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=b8c5377d-9f8c-4db2-bd43-53ac7b9b3401/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=DevelopmentalToxicityTeratogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=2017; basis=behaviour (functional findings); key_result=false; upper_value=2; entry_uuid=5871a7f4-b897-4ed5-a2c9-4874e37e30ec |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | 82 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | carcinogenicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=22985779-1a96-4fc6-a315-2f6187e1daec_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=22985779-1a96-4fc6-a315-2f6187e1daec/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=Carcinogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1989; basis=other:; key_result=false; entry_uuid=d01e67ad-31ac-4270-94c5-fbbea2dd9bc4 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | 109 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | carcinogenicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=22985779-1a96-4fc6-a315-2f6187e1daec_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=22985779-1a96-4fc6-a315-2f6187e1daec/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=Carcinogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1989; basis=other:; key_result=false; entry_uuid=0e33d5ca-d889-4767-abc8-f2377ddb7be3 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | 15 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | carcinogenicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=22985779-1a96-4fc6-a315-2f6187e1daec_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=22985779-1a96-4fc6-a315-2f6187e1daec/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=Carcinogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1989; basis=other:; key_result=false; entry_uuid=faed6540-21d1-4066-892e-c4d163cdbb70 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | 21 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | carcinogenicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=22985779-1a96-4fc6-a315-2f6187e1daec_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=22985779-1a96-4fc6-a315-2f6187e1daec/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=Carcinogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1989; basis=other:; key_result=false; entry_uuid=91182632-53c3-4ebe-aba2-1268406f5166 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | 185 | mg/kg bw/day | mouse | oral: gavage | - | developmental toxicity | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=295b26d6-49db-4af9-b9d3-3009ab2b977f_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=295b26d6-49db-4af9-b9d3-3009ab2b977f/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=DevelopmentalToxicityTeratogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1980; basis=other:; key_result=false; entry_uuid=aea25166-69ea-42bc-b4c5-eeab3bd8328f |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | <=20 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: gavage | - | short-term repeated dose toxicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=b981d3ea-1d49-4658-8dd9-030e33a93510_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=b981d3ea-1d49-4658-8dd9-030e33a93510/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=RepeatedDoseToxicityOral; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1993; basis=histopathology: neoplastic; key_result=false; upper_value=20; entry_uuid=44eaef4b-b611-4021-a8ef-2432329e6329 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | <=50 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | sub-chronic toxicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=e5eae057-b3ad-418d-b6df-069a8d4a1bde_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=e5eae057-b3ad-418d-b6df-069a8d4a1bde/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=RepeatedDoseToxicityOral; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1986; basis=water consumption and compound intake; key_result=false; upper_value=50; entry_uuid=ce3ec85c-daa2-4855-99d4-d986f1b40de4 |
| ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip | NOAEL | 300 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral: drinking water | - | carcinogenicity: oral | dossier=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6z; document=c2f2e120-a991-463f-85d9-583692c26b06_7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca.i6d; document_key=c2f2e120-a991-463f-85d9-583692c26b06/7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; document_subtype=Carcinogenicity; literature=Name=Unnamed; ReferenceYear=1989; basis=other:; key_result=false; entry_uuid=04fc5d61-81e8-4960-b299-e3a8b8e42770 |
EFSA_OpenFoodTox_EFSA_ReferencePoints.xlsx 4 endpoints
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EFSA_OpenFoodTox_EFSA_ReferencePoints.xlsx | NOAEL | =15 | mg/kg bw/day | Rat | oral: drinking water | 728 days | chronic/long term toxicity | EFSA AFC - 2007 - OutputID 303 - histopathology non neoplastic - systemic - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) on a request from the Commission related to Use of formaldehyde as a preservative during the manufacture and preparation of food additives - doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2007.415 |
| EFSA_OpenFoodTox_EFSA_ReferencePoints.xlsx | NOAEL | =15 | mg/kg bw/day | Rat | oral: drinking water | 728 days | chronic/long term toxicity | EFSA AFC - 2007 - OutputID 303 - histopathology non neoplastic - systemic - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) on a request from the Commission related to Use of formaldehyde as a preservative during the manufacture and preparation of food additives - doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2007.415 |
| EFSA_OpenFoodTox_EFSA_ReferencePoints.xlsx | NOEL | =15 | mg/kg bw/day | Rat | - | 730 days | chronic/long term toxicity | EFSA CEF - 2010 - OutputID 2042 - Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 91 (FGE.91): Consideration of simple aliphatic and aromatic sulphides and thiols evaluated by JECFA (53rd and 68th meetings) structurally related to aliphatic and alicyclic mono-, di-, tri-, and polysulphides with or without additional oxygenated functional groups evaluated by EFSA in FGE.08Rev1 (2009). EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes, Flavourings and Processing Aids (CEF) - doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1337 |
| EFSA_OpenFoodTox_EFSA_ReferencePoints.xlsx | NOEL | =15 | mg/kg bw/day | Rat | - | 730 days | chronic/long term toxicity | EFSA CEF - 2010 - OutputID 2042 - Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 91 (FGE.91): Consideration of simple aliphatic and aromatic sulphides and thiols evaluated by JECFA (53rd and 68th meetings) structurally related to aliphatic and alicyclic mono-, di-, tri-, and polysulphides with or without additional oxygenated functional groups evaluated by EFSA in FGE.08Rev1 (2009). EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes, Flavourings and Processing Aids (CEF) - doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1337 |
EPA_IRIS_iris_rfc_systems.csv 1 endpoint
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EPA_IRIS_iris_rfc_systems.csv | RfC | =0.007 | mg/m^3 | - | inhalation | chronic | IRIS chronic inhalation RfC system | row_hash=5925244717de90e4; file=iris_rfc_systems.csv; kind=reference_value; raw_column=rfc_mg_per_m3; raw_value=7e-3; system=Respiratory; basis=Decreased pulmonary function, prevalence of current asthma or degree of asthma control, and allergic conditions in children (See Note); confidence=High; dtxsid=DTXSID7020637; detail_url=https://iris.epa.gov/ChemicalLanding/&substance_nmbr=419; rfc_last_updated=08/19/2024; rfc_pdf_url=https://iris.epa.gov/static/pdfs/0419_summary.pdf |
EPA_IRIS_iris_rfd_systems.csv 2 endpoints
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EPA_IRIS_iris_rfd_systems.csv | NOAEL | =15 | mg/kg/day | - | oral | chronic | IRIS chronic oral RfD system PoD | row_hash=0982973dcdd37fef; file=iris_rfd_systems.csv; kind=point_of_departure; raw_column=point_of_departure; raw_value=NOAEL : 1.5e1 mg/kg-day; system=Urinary, Gastrointestinal, Other; basis=Reduced weight gain, histopathology in rats; point_of_departure=NOAEL : 1.5e1 mg/kg-day; composite_uf=100; confidence=Medium; dtxsid=DTXSID7020637; detail_url=https://iris.epa.gov/ChemicalLanding/&substance_nmbr=419; rfd_last_updated=09/01/1990; rfd_pdf_url=https://iris.epa.gov/static/pdfs/0419_summary.pdf |
| EPA_IRIS_iris_rfd_systems.csv | RfD | =0.2 | mg/kg/day | - | oral | chronic | IRIS chronic oral RfD system | row_hash=7b11f0505ca5c5a1; file=iris_rfd_systems.csv; kind=reference_value; raw_column=rfd_mg_per_kg_day; raw_value=2e-1; system=Urinary, Gastrointestinal, Other; basis=Reduced weight gain, histopathology in rats; point_of_departure=NOAEL : 1.5e1 mg/kg-day; composite_uf=100; confidence=Medium; dtxsid=DTXSID7020637; detail_url=https://iris.epa.gov/ChemicalLanding/&substance_nmbr=419; rfd_last_updated=09/01/1990; rfd_pdf_url=https://iris.epa.gov/static/pdfs/0419_summary.pdf |
IARC Monographs 1 endpoint
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IARC Monographs | IARC carcinogenicity classification | 1 | IARC group | - | - | 2009 | IARC Monographs | {"additional_info":"volume_publication_year=2012","evaluation_year":2009,"source_table":"iarc_classifications","volume":"Sup 7, 62, 88, 100F"} |
INCHEM_WHO_cicads_cicads_cicad40 4 endpoints
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| INCHEM_WHO_cicads_cicads_cicad40 | LOAEL | =15 | ppm | Rat; Mouse | - | 3 days | Toxicology study | document_id=cicads_cicads_cicad40; title=Formaldehyde (CICADS 40, 2002); path=mirror/documents/cicads/cicads/cicad40.htm; row_hash=735770155819ac31; raw_unit=ppm; context=Effect levels (mg/m 3 ) Protocol NO(A)EL LO(A)EL Critical effect [comments] Reference Short-term toxicity F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice exposed to 0, 0.5, 2, 6, or 15 ppm (0, 0.6, 2.4, 7.2, or 18 mg/m 3 ) formaldehyde for 6 h/day for 3 days. |
| INCHEM_WHO_cicads_cicads_cicad40 | LOAEL | =125 | mg/kg bw/day | Rat | oral | 4 weeks | Toxicology study | document_id=cicads_cicads_cicad40; title=Formaldehyde (CICADS 40, 2002); path=mirror/documents/cicads/cicads/cicad40.htm; row_hash=5cd36f149159aa11; raw_unit=mg/kg body weight per day; context=Protocol Effect levels (mg/kg body weight per day) Critical effect [comments] Reference NOEL LO(A)EL Groups of 10 male and female Wistar rats administered drinking-water containing amounts of formaldehyde estimated sufficient to provide target intakes of 0, 5, 25, or 125 mg/kg body weight per day for 4 weeks. |
| INCHEM_WHO_cicads_cicads_cicad40 | NOAEL | =0.9 | mg/L | - | oral | - | Toxicology study | document_id=cicads_cicads_cicad40; title=Formaldehyde (CICADS 40, 2002); path=mirror/documents/cicads/cicads/cicad40.htm; row_hash=035f937b4d70c841; raw_unit=ug/litre; unit_normalization=converted from micrograms; context=A drinking-water guideline for formaldehyde of 900 ug/litre has been derived based on a no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of 15 mg/kg body weight divided by an uncertainty factor of 100, and assuming 20% intake from water (IPCS, 1996). |
| INCHEM_WHO_cicads_cicads_cicad40 | NOEL | =260 | mg/L | Rat | oral | 2 years | Chronic toxicity | document_id=cicads_cicads_cicad40; title=Formaldehyde (CICADS 40, 2002); path=mirror/documents/cicads/cicads/cicad40.htm; row_hash=414a4327931b58d6; raw_unit=mg/litre; context=260 mg/litre is the NOEL for effects (i.e., histopathological changes) in the aerodigestive tract, including oral and gastrointestinal mucosa, of rats administered formaldehyde in drinking-water for 2 years in the most comprehensive study conducted (Til et al., 1989), and 100 is the |
INCHEM_WHO_kemi_kemi_ah2003_11 20 endpoints
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| INCHEM_WHO_kemi_kemi_ah2003_11 | LOAEL | =0.25 | ppm | - | - | - | Toxicology study | document_id=kemi_kemi_ah2003_11; title=The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals and The Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards. 132. Formaldehyde; path=mirror/documents/kemi/kemi/ah2003_11.pdf; row_hash=89a12ed1c9b870d9; raw_unit=ppm; context=8.3 Scientific basis for an occupational exposure limit The critical effect of formaldehyde is sensory irritation (LOAEL 0.25 ppm). |
| INCHEM_WHO_kemi_kemi_ah2003_11 | LOAEL | =0.25 | ppm | - | - | - | Toxicology study | document_id=kemi_kemi_ah2003_11; title=The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals and The Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards. 132. Formaldehyde; path=mirror/documents/kemi/kemi/ah2003_11.pdf; row_hash=89a12ed1c9b870d9; raw_unit=ppm; context=8.3 Scientific basis for an occupational exposure limit The critical effect of formaldehyde is sensory irritation (LOAEL 0.25 ppm). |
| INCHEM_WHO_kemi_kemi_ah2003_11 | LOAEL | =0.25 | ppm | - | - | - | Toxicology study | document_id=kemi_kemi_ah2003_11; title=The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals and The Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards. 132. Formaldehyde; path=mirror/documents/kemi/kemi/ah2003_11.pdf; row_hash=89a12ed1c9b870d9; raw_unit=ppm; context=8.3 Scientific basis for an occupational exposure limit The critical effect of formaldehyde is sensory irritation (LOAEL 0.25 ppm). |
| INCHEM_WHO_kemi_kemi_ah2003_11 | LOAEL | =0.25 | ppm | - | - | - | Toxicology study | document_id=kemi_kemi_ah2003_11; title=The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals and The Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards. 132. Formaldehyde; path=mirror/documents/kemi/kemi/ah2003_11.pdf; row_hash=89a12ed1c9b870d9; raw_unit=ppm; context=8.3 Scientific basis for an occupational exposure limit The critical effect of formaldehyde is sensory irritation (LOAEL 0.25 ppm). |
| INCHEM_WHO_kemi_kemi_ah2003_11 | LOAEL | =2 | ppm | Rat | - | long-term | Toxicology study | document_id=kemi_kemi_ah2003_11; title=The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals and The Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards. 132. Formaldehyde; path=mirror/documents/kemi/kemi/ah2003_11.pdf; row_hash=92fe8810dd527212; raw_unit=ppm; context=However, in one long-term study in rats 2.4 mg/m3 (2 ppm) appeared to be a LOAEL (62) and in another long-term rat study a LOAEL as low as 0.36 mg/m3 (0.3 ppm) was reported (60). |
| INCHEM_WHO_kemi_kemi_ah2003_11 | LOAEL | =2 | ppm | Rat | - | long-term | Toxicology study | document_id=kemi_kemi_ah2003_11; title=The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals and The Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards. 132. Formaldehyde; path=mirror/documents/kemi/kemi/ah2003_11.pdf; row_hash=92fe8810dd527212; raw_unit=ppm; context=However, in one long-term study in rats 2.4 mg/m3 (2 ppm) appeared to be a LOAEL (62) and in another long-term rat study a LOAEL as low as 0.36 mg/m3 (0.3 ppm) was reported (60). |
| INCHEM_WHO_kemi_kemi_ah2003_11 | LOAEL | =2 | ppm | Rat | - | long-term | Toxicology study | document_id=kemi_kemi_ah2003_11; title=The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals and The Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards. 132. Formaldehyde; path=mirror/documents/kemi/kemi/ah2003_11.pdf; row_hash=92fe8810dd527212; raw_unit=ppm; context=However, in one long-term study in rats 2.4 mg/m3 (2 ppm) appeared to be a LOAEL (62) and in another long-term rat study a LOAEL as low as 0.36 mg/m3 (0.3 ppm) was reported (60). |
| INCHEM_WHO_kemi_kemi_ah2003_11 | LOAEL | =2 | ppm | Rat | - | long-term | Toxicology study | document_id=kemi_kemi_ah2003_11; title=The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals and The Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards. 132. Formaldehyde; path=mirror/documents/kemi/kemi/ah2003_11.pdf; row_hash=92fe8810dd527212; raw_unit=ppm; context=However, in one long-term study in rats 2.4 mg/m3 (2 ppm) appeared to be a LOAEL (62) and in another long-term rat study a LOAEL as low as 0.36 mg/m3 (0.3 ppm) was reported (60). |
| INCHEM_WHO_kemi_kemi_ah2003_11 | NOAEL | =1.2 | mg/m3 | - | - | - | Toxicology study | document_id=kemi_kemi_ah2003_11; title=The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals and The Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards. 132. Formaldehyde; path=mirror/documents/kemi/kemi/ah2003_11.pdf; row_hash=a521efa455dece04; raw_unit=mg/m3; context=Table 4 also reveals that in all studies with a NOAEL of 1.2 mg/m3 (1 ppm) the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) is higher than 2.4 mg/m3 (2 ppm), indicating a steep dose-response relation (it is possible that in these studies a NOAEL of 2.4 mg/m3 might have been obtained if this exposure concentration would have |
| INCHEM_WHO_kemi_kemi_ah2003_11 | NOAEL | =1.2 | mg/m3 | - | - | - | Toxicology study | document_id=kemi_kemi_ah2003_11; title=The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals and The Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards. 132. Formaldehyde; path=mirror/documents/kemi/kemi/ah2003_11.pdf; row_hash=a521efa455dece04; raw_unit=mg/m3; context=Table 4 also reveals that in all studies with a NOAEL of 1.2 mg/m3 (1 ppm) the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) is higher than 2.4 mg/m3 (2 ppm), indicating a steep dose-response relation (it is possible that in these studies a NOAEL of 2.4 mg/m3 might have been obtained if this exposure concentration would have |
| INCHEM_WHO_kemi_kemi_ah2003_11 | NOAEL | =1.2 | mg/m3 | - | - | - | Toxicology study | document_id=kemi_kemi_ah2003_11; title=The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals and The Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards. 132. Formaldehyde; path=mirror/documents/kemi/kemi/ah2003_11.pdf; row_hash=a521efa455dece04; raw_unit=mg/m3; context=Table 4 also reveals that in all studies with a NOAEL of 1.2 mg/m3 (1 ppm) the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) is higher than 2.4 mg/m3 (2 ppm), indicating a steep dose-response relation (it is possible that in these studies a NOAEL of 2.4 mg/m3 might have been obtained if this exposure concentration would have |
| INCHEM_WHO_kemi_kemi_ah2003_11 | NOAEL | =1.2 | mg/m3 | - | - | - | Toxicology study | document_id=kemi_kemi_ah2003_11; title=The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals and The Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards. 132. Formaldehyde; path=mirror/documents/kemi/kemi/ah2003_11.pdf; row_hash=a521efa455dece04; raw_unit=mg/m3; context=Table 4 also reveals that in all studies with a NOAEL of 1.2 mg/m3 (1 ppm) the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) is higher than 2.4 mg/m3 (2 ppm), indicating a steep dose-response relation (it is possible that in these studies a NOAEL of 2.4 mg/m3 might have been obtained if this exposure concentration would have |
| INCHEM_WHO_kemi_kemi_ah2003_11 | NOAEL | range:1-22 | ppm | - | inhalation | long-term | Inhalation toxicity | document_id=kemi_kemi_ah2003_11; title=The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals and The Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards. 132. Formaldehyde; path=mirror/documents/kemi/kemi/ah2003_11.pdf; row_hash=e42d073aa356b000; raw_unit=ppm; context=The majority of short- and long-term inhalation animal studies reveal a NOAEL of 1-2 ppm. |
| INCHEM_WHO_kemi_kemi_ah2003_11 | NOAEL | range:1-22 | ppm | - | inhalation | long-term | Inhalation toxicity | document_id=kemi_kemi_ah2003_11; title=The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals and The Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards. 132. Formaldehyde; path=mirror/documents/kemi/kemi/ah2003_11.pdf; row_hash=e42d073aa356b000; raw_unit=ppm; context=The majority of short- and long-term inhalation animal studies reveal a NOAEL of 1-2 ppm. |
| INCHEM_WHO_kemi_kemi_ah2003_11 | NOAEL | range:1-22 | ppm | - | inhalation | long-term | Inhalation toxicity | document_id=kemi_kemi_ah2003_11; title=The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals and The Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards. 132. Formaldehyde; path=mirror/documents/kemi/kemi/ah2003_11.pdf; row_hash=e42d073aa356b000; raw_unit=ppm; context=The majority of short- and long-term inhalation animal studies reveal a NOAEL of 1-2 ppm. |
| INCHEM_WHO_kemi_kemi_ah2003_11 | NOAEL | range:1-22 | ppm | - | inhalation | long-term | Inhalation toxicity | document_id=kemi_kemi_ah2003_11; title=The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals and The Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards. 132. Formaldehyde; path=mirror/documents/kemi/kemi/ah2003_11.pdf; row_hash=e42d073aa356b000; raw_unit=ppm; context=The majority of short- and long-term inhalation animal studies reveal a NOAEL of 1-2 ppm. |
| INCHEM_WHO_kemi_kemi_ah2003_11 | NOAEL | =2.4 | mg/m3 | - | - | - | Toxicology study | document_id=kemi_kemi_ah2003_11; title=The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals and The Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards. 132. Formaldehyde; path=mirror/documents/kemi/kemi/ah2003_11.pdf; row_hash=add14f62ca55a52f; raw_unit=mg/m3; context=mg/m3 (1 ppm) the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) is higher than 2.4 mg/m3 (2 ppm), indicating a steep dose-response relation (it is possible that in these studies a NOAEL of 2.4 mg/m3 might have been obtained if this exposure concentration would have been included in these experiments). |
| INCHEM_WHO_kemi_kemi_ah2003_11 | NOAEL | =2.4 | mg/m3 | - | - | - | Toxicology study | document_id=kemi_kemi_ah2003_11; title=The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals and The Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards. 132. Formaldehyde; path=mirror/documents/kemi/kemi/ah2003_11.pdf; row_hash=add14f62ca55a52f; raw_unit=mg/m3; context=mg/m3 (1 ppm) the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) is higher than 2.4 mg/m3 (2 ppm), indicating a steep dose-response relation (it is possible that in these studies a NOAEL of 2.4 mg/m3 might have been obtained if this exposure concentration would have been included in these experiments). |
| INCHEM_WHO_kemi_kemi_ah2003_11 | NOAEL | =2.4 | mg/m3 | - | - | - | Toxicology study | document_id=kemi_kemi_ah2003_11; title=The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals and The Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards. 132. Formaldehyde; path=mirror/documents/kemi/kemi/ah2003_11.pdf; row_hash=add14f62ca55a52f; raw_unit=mg/m3; context=mg/m3 (1 ppm) the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) is higher than 2.4 mg/m3 (2 ppm), indicating a steep dose-response relation (it is possible that in these studies a NOAEL of 2.4 mg/m3 might have been obtained if this exposure concentration would have been included in these experiments). |
| INCHEM_WHO_kemi_kemi_ah2003_11 | NOAEL | =2.4 | mg/m3 | - | - | - | Toxicology study | document_id=kemi_kemi_ah2003_11; title=The Nordic Expert Group for Criteria Documentation of Health Risks from Chemicals and The Dutch Expert Committee on Occupational Standards. 132. Formaldehyde; path=mirror/documents/kemi/kemi/ah2003_11.pdf; row_hash=add14f62ca55a52f; raw_unit=mg/m3; context=mg/m3 (1 ppm) the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) is higher than 2.4 mg/m3 (2 ppm), indicating a steep dose-response relation (it is possible that in these studies a NOAEL of 2.4 mg/m3 might have been obtained if this exposure concentration would have been included in these experiments). |
NTP_ICE_acute_inhalation 7 endpoints
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NTP_ICE_acute_inhalation | LC50 | 0.5866 | mg/L | - | Inhalation | Duration=4 hr | In Vivo; AcuteInhalNICEATM; Rat Acute Inhalation Toxicity | sheet=Data; excel_row=3841; Record_ID=acute_inhalation_2240; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=AcuteInhalNICEATM; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Rat Acute Inhalation Toxicity; Endpoint=LC50; Response=0.5866; Response_Unit=mg/L; Reference=AEGL; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_acute_inhalation | LC50 | 1.0064 | mg/L | - | Inhalation | Duration=0.5 hr | In Vivo; AcuteInhalNICEATM; Rat Acute Inhalation Toxicity | sheet=Data; excel_row=3842; Record_ID=acute_inhalation_2238; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=AcuteInhalNICEATM; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Rat Acute Inhalation Toxicity; Endpoint=LC50; Response=1.0064; Response_Unit=mg/L; Reference=AEGL; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_acute_inhalation | LC50 | 1.0002 | mg/L | - | Inhalation | Duration=0.5 hr | In Vivo; AcuteInhalNICEATM; Rat Acute Inhalation Toxicity | sheet=Data; excel_row=3843; Record_ID=acute_inhalation_1653; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=AcuteInhalNICEATM; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Rat Acute Inhalation Toxicity; Endpoint=LC50; Response=1.0002; Response_Unit=mg/L; Reference=NIOSH; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_acute_inhalation | LC50 | 0.3068 | mg/L | - | Inhalation | Duration=2 hr | In Vivo; AcuteInhalNICEATM; Rat Acute Inhalation Toxicity | sheet=Data; excel_row=3844; Record_ID=acute_inhalation_1647; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=AcuteInhalNICEATM; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Rat Acute Inhalation Toxicity; Endpoint=LC50; Response=0.3068; Response_Unit=mg/L; Reference=NIOSH; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_acute_inhalation | LC50 | 0.578 | mg/L | - | Inhalation | Duration=2 hr | In Vivo; AcuteInhalNICEATM; Rat Acute Inhalation Toxicity | sheet=Data; excel_row=3845; Record_ID=acute_inhalation_1645; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=AcuteInhalNICEATM; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Rat Acute Inhalation Toxicity; Endpoint=LC50; Response=0.578; Response_Unit=mg/L; Reference=NIOSH; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_acute_inhalation | LC50 | 0.203 | mg/L | - | Inhalation | - | In Vivo; AcuteInhalNICEATM; Rat Acute Inhalation Toxicity | sheet=Data; excel_row=3846; Record_ID=acute_inhalation_954; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=AcuteInhalNICEATM; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Rat Acute Inhalation Toxicity; Endpoint=LC50; Response=0.203; Response_Unit=mg/L; Reference=ChemIDplus; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_acute_inhalation | LC50 | <0.5682 | mg/L | - | Inhalation | Duration=4 hr | In Vivo; AcuteInhalNICEATM; Rat Acute Inhalation Toxicity | sheet=Data; excel_row=3847; Record_ID=acute_inhalation_2429; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=AcuteInhalNICEATM; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Rat Acute Inhalation Toxicity; Endpoint=LC50; Response_Modifier=<; Response=0.5682; Response_Unit=mg/L; Reference=REACH; URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/15858/7/3/3/?documentUUID=d1a32765-e92b-4790-99da-6355ab1a22cc; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
NTP_ICE_acute_oral 6 endpoints
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NTP_ICE_acute_oral | LD50 | =100 | mg/kg bw | Rat | oral | acute | Rat Acute Oral Toxicity | NLM Hazardous Substances Data Bank (undated); record_id=acute_oral_6708; row=11568; data_type=In Vivo; mixture=Chemical; chemical_name=Formaldehyde; preferred_name=Formaldehyde; dtxsid=DTXSID7020637; url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/; url_comptox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; url_cebs=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637; source_file=acute_oral.xlsx |
| NTP_ICE_acute_oral | LD50 | >7000 | mg/kg bw | Rat | oral | acute | Rat Acute Oral Toxicity | record_id=acute_oral_6714; row=11570; data_type=In Vivo; mixture=Chemical; chemical_name=Formaldehyde; preferred_name=Formaldehyde; dtxsid=DTXSID7020637; url_comptox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; url_cebs=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637; source_file=acute_oral.xlsx |
| NTP_ICE_acute_oral | LD50 | =2020 | mg/kg bw | Rat | oral | acute | Rat Acute Oral Toxicity | NLM Hazardous Substances Data Bank (undated); record_id=acute_oral_6713; row=11571; data_type=In Vivo; mixture=Chemical; chemical_name=Formaldehyde; preferred_name=Formaldehyde; dtxsid=DTXSID7020637; url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/; url_comptox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; url_cebs=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637; source_file=acute_oral.xlsx |
| NTP_ICE_acute_oral | LD50 | =800 | mg/kg bw | Rat (Male) | oral | acute | Rat Acute Oral Toxicity | JRC AcutoxBase (undated); record_id=acute_oral_6712; row=11572; data_type=In Vivo; mixture=Chemical; chemical_name=Formaldehyde; preferred_name=Formaldehyde; dtxsid=DTXSID7020637; url_comptox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; url_cebs=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637; source_file=acute_oral.xlsx |
| NTP_ICE_acute_oral | LD50 | =550 | mg/kg bw | Rat (Male) | oral | acute | Rat Acute Oral Toxicity | JRC AcutoxBase (undated); record_id=acute_oral_6710; row=11574; data_type=In Vivo; mixture=Chemical; chemical_name=Formaldehyde; preferred_name=Formaldehyde; dtxsid=DTXSID7020637; url_comptox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; url_cebs=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637; source_file=acute_oral.xlsx |
| NTP_ICE_acute_oral | LD50 | =500 | mg/kg bw | Rat | oral | acute | Rat Acute Oral Toxicity | JRC AcutoxBase (undated); record_id=acute_oral_6709; row=11575; data_type=In Vivo; mixture=Chemical; chemical_name=Formaldehyde; preferred_name=Formaldehyde; dtxsid=DTXSID7020637; url_comptox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; url_cebs=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637; source_file=acute_oral.xlsx |
NTP_ICE_cancer 2 endpoints
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NTP_ICE_cancer | IARC group | 1 | unitless | - | - | - | WOE; IARC Carcinogenicity | sheet=Data; excel_row=7576; Record_ID=cancer_1703; Data_Type=WOE; Formulation_Name=Formaldehyde; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=IARC Carcinogenicity; Endpoint=IARC group; Response=1; Response_Unit=Unitless; URL=http://publications.iarc.fr/139; http://publications.iarc.fr/80; http://publications.iarc.fr/106; http://publications.iarc.fr/123; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_cancer | Inhalation risk unit | 0.000013 | ug/m3 | - | Inhalation | - | WOE; IRIS Carcinogenicity | sheet=Data; excel_row=7573; Record_ID=cancer_1705; Data_Type=WOE; Formulation_Name=Formaldehyde; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=IRIS Carcinogenicity; Endpoint=Inhalation risk unit; Response=1.2999999999999999E-5; Response_Unit=ug/m3; Route=Inhalation; URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/iris/iris_documents/documents/subst/0419_summary.pdf; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
NTP_ICE_skin_irritation 3 endpoints
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NTP_ICE_skin_irritation | TER | 6.1 | kiloohms | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; TER Corrosion | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=4491; Record_ID=skin_irritation_invitro_2499; Data_Type=In Vitro; Formulation_ID=MIX823; Formulation_Name=dicyanamine/formaldehyde condensate; Mixture=Mixture; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=TER Corrosion; Endpoint=TER; Response=6.1; Response_Unit=kiloohms; Reference=Botham et al. 1992; 20732113; 10.1016/0887-2333(92)90031-l; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_irritation | TER | 12.3 | kiloohms | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; TER Corrosion | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=4492; Record_ID=skin_irritation_invitro_2498; Data_Type=In Vitro; Formulation_ID=MIX823; Formulation_Name=dicyanamine/formaldehyde condensate; Mixture=Mixture; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=TER Corrosion; Endpoint=TER; Response=12.3; Response_Unit=kiloohms; Reference=Botham et al. 1992; 20732113; 10.1016/0887-2333(92)90031-l; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_irritation | TER | 6.4 | kiloohms | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; TER Corrosion | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=4493; Record_ID=skin_irritation_invitro_2497; Data_Type=In Vitro; Formulation_ID=MIX823; Formulation_Name=dicyanamine/formaldehyde condensate; Mixture=Mixture; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=TER Corrosion; Endpoint=TER; Response=6.4; Response_Unit=kiloohms; Reference=Botham et al. 1992; 20732113; 10.1016/0887-2333(92)90031-l; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization 152 endpoints
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | CD54, EC200 | 5.2 | ug/mL | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; CE_hCLAT2018; h-CLAT | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=1993; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_501; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=CE_hCLAT2018; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=h-CLAT; Endpoint=CD54, EC200; Reported_Response=5.2; Reported_Response_Unit=ug/mL; Response=5.2; Response_Unit=ug/mL; Reference=Urbisch et al. 2015; 25541156; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.12.008; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | CD54, EC200 | 5.14 | ug/mL | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; hCLAT2015; h-CLAT | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=2697; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_638; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=hCLAT2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=h-CLAT; Endpoint=CD54, EC200; Reported_Response=5.14; Reported_Response_Unit=ug/mL; Response=5.14; Response_Unit=ug/mL; Reference=Ashikaga et al. 2010; 20822320; 10.1177/026119291003800403|Nukada et al. 2011; 21767275; 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2011.01952.x|Nukada et al. 2012; 22796097; 10.1016/j.tiv.2012.07.001|Nukada personal communication (undated)|Nukada et al. 2013; 23149339; 10.1016/j.tiv.2012.11.006; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | CD86, EC120 | 0.634 | ug/mL | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; Urbisch_SkinSensitization2020; mMUSST | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=7792; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_1890; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=Urbisch_SkinSensitization2020; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=mMUSST; Endpoint=CD86, EC120; Reported_Response=21.1; Reported_Response_Unit=uM; Conversion_Factor_Value=30.026; Conversion_Factor_Source=EPA Dashboard; Converted_Response=0.634; Converted_Response_Unit=ug/mL; Response=0.634; Response_Unit=ug/mL; Reference=Urbisch et al. 2015; 25541156; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.12.008; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | CD86, EC150 | 4.3 | ug/mL | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; CE_hCLAT2018; h-CLAT | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=1991; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_501; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=CE_hCLAT2018; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=h-CLAT; Endpoint=CD86, EC150; Reported_Response=4.3; Reported_Response_Unit=ug/mL; Response=4.3; Response_Unit=ug/mL; Reference=Urbisch et al. 2015; 25541156; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.12.008; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | CD86, EC150 | 1.6 | ug/mL | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; Urbisch_SkinSensitization2020; U-SENS | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=8296; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_2300; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=Urbisch_SkinSensitization2020; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=U-SENS; Endpoint=CD86, EC150; Reported_Response=53.28005328; Reported_Response_Unit=uM; Conversion_Factor_Value=30.026; Conversion_Factor_Source=EPA Dashboard; Converted_Response=1.6; Converted_Response_Unit=ug/mL; Response=1.6; Response_Unit=ug/mL; Reference=Urbisch et al. 2015; 25541156; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.12.008; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | CD86, EC150 | 5.74 | ug/mL | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; CE_USENSE2018; U-SENS | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=8511; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_2346; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=CE_USENSE2018; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=U-SENS; Endpoint=CD86, EC150; Reported_Response=5.74; Reported_Response_Unit=ug/mL; Response=5.74; Response_Unit=ug/mL; Reference=Piroird et al. 2015; 25820135; 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.03.009; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | CV75 | 5.8 | ug/mL | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; CE_hCLAT2018; h-CLAT | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=1995; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_501; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=CE_hCLAT2018; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=h-CLAT; Endpoint=CV75; Reported_Response=5.8; Reported_Response_Unit=ug/mL; Response=5.8; Response_Unit=ug/mL; Reference=Urbisch et al. 2015; 25541156; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.12.008; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | CV75 | 23.3 | ug/mL | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; hCLAT2015; h-CLAT | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=2688; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_636; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=hCLAT2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=h-CLAT; Endpoint=CV75; Reported_Response=23.3; Reported_Response_Unit=ug/mL; Response=23.3; Response_Unit=ug/mL; Reference=Bauch et al. 2012; 22659254; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2012.05.013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Concentration, 5% incidence of positive responses | 0.1285 | % | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Maximization Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7524; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1714; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=1.85; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Maximization Test; Endpoint=Concentration, 5% incidence of positive responses; Response=0.1285; Response_Unit=%; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Kligman 1966; 5924294; 10.1038/jid.1966.160|Greif 1967; Not available; Not available|Magnusson and Kligman 1969; 5774356; 10.1038/jid.1969.42|Basketter et al. 1994; 8045461; 10.1016/0278-6915(94)90112-0|Basketter et al. 1999; 10654593; 10.1016/S0278-6915(99)00112-x|Gerberick et al. 2000; 10684384; 10.1053/ajcd.2000.0003|Akkan et al. 2003; Not available; Not available; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Concentration, 5% incidence of positive responses | 1.202 | % | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7531; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1715; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=1.85; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Concentration, 5% incidence of positive responses; Response=1.202; Response_Unit=%; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1973; Not available; Not available; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Concentration, 5% incidence of positive responses | 0.4116 | % | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7546; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1717; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=0.37; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Concentration, 5% incidence of positive responses; Response=0.4116; Response_Unit=%; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1974; 4459237; 10.1016/0015-6264(74)90367-8|Gerberick et al. 2001; 11526521; 10.1053/ajcd.2001.23926|Akkan et al. 2003; Not available; Not available|Griem et al. 2003; 14623479; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2003.07.001|Schneider and Akkan 2004; 15135206; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2004.02.002; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Concentration, 5% incidence of positive responses | 2.359 | % | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7547; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1718; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=3.7; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Concentration, 5% incidence of positive responses; Response=2.359; Response_Unit=%; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1973; Not available; Not available; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Concentration, 5% incidence of positive responses | 0.9768 | % | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7562; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1719; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=1.11; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Concentration, 5% incidence of positive responses; Response=0.9768; Response_Unit=%; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1974; 4459237; 10.1016/0015-6264(74)90367-8|Gerberick et al. 2001; 11526521; 10.1053/ajcd.2001.23926|Akkan et al. 2003; Not available; Not available|Griem et al. 2003; 14623479; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2003.07.001|Schneider and Akkan 2004; 15135206; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2004.02.002; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Concentration, one positive response | 0.1028 | % | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Maximization Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7522; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1714; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=1.85; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Maximization Test; Endpoint=Concentration, one positive response; Response=0.1028; Response_Unit=%; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Kligman 1966; 5924294; 10.1038/jid.1966.160|Greif 1967; Not available; Not available|Magnusson and Kligman 1969; 5774356; 10.1038/jid.1969.42|Basketter et al. 1994; 8045461; 10.1016/0278-6915(94)90112-0|Basketter et al. 1999; 10654593; 10.1016/S0278-6915(99)00112-x|Gerberick et al. 2000; 10684384; 10.1053/ajcd.2000.0003|Akkan et al. 2003; Not available; Not available; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Concentration, one positive response | 0.4625 | % | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7527; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1715; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=1.85; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Concentration, one positive response; Response=0.4625; Response_Unit=%; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1973; Not available; Not available; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Concentration, one positive response | 0.0925 | % | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7542; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1717; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=0.37; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Concentration, one positive response; Response=0.0925; Response_Unit=%; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1974; 4459237; 10.1016/0015-6264(74)90367-8|Gerberick et al. 2001; 11526521; 10.1053/ajcd.2001.23926|Akkan et al. 2003; Not available; Not available|Griem et al. 2003; 14623479; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2003.07.001|Schneider and Akkan 2004; 15135206; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2004.02.002; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Concentration, one positive response | 0.222 | % | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7558; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1719; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=1.11; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Concentration, one positive response; Response=0.222; Response_Unit=%; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1974; 4459237; 10.1016/0015-6264(74)90367-8|Gerberick et al. 2001; 11526521; 10.1053/ajcd.2001.23926|Akkan et al. 2003; Not available; Not available|Griem et al. 2003; 14623479; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2003.07.001|Schneider and Akkan 2004; 15135206; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2004.02.002; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Cys | 48.6 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=495; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_148; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Cys; Reported_Response=48.6; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=48.6; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Cys | 37.3 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=501; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_149; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Cys; Reported_Response=37.299999999999997; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=37.3; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Cys | 36.7 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=507; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_151; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Cys; Reported_Response=36.700000000000003; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=36.7; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Cys | 44.2 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=519; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_154; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Cys; Reported_Response=44.2; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=44.2; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Nukada et al. 2013; 23149339; 10.1016/j.tiv.2012.11.006|Nukada personal communication (undated); URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Cys | 30.5 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=523; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_155; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Cys; Reported_Response=30.5; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=30.5; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Cys | 36.6 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=527; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_156; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Cys; Reported_Response=36.6; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=36.6; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Cys | 40.6 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=535; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_158; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Cys; Reported_Response=40.6; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=40.6; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Cys | 54.8 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=542; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_159; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Cys; Reported_Response=54.8; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=54.8; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Bauch et al. 2012; 22659254; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2012.05.013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Cys | 49.6 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=543; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_160; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Cys; Reported_Response=49.6; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=49.6; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Cys | 51.4 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=550; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_161; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Cys; Reported_Response=51.4; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=51.4; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Cys | 60.4 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=551; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_162; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Cys; Reported_Response=60.4; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=60.4; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Gerberick et al. 2007; 17400584; 10.1093/toxsci/kfm064|Natsch et al. 2013; 23576290; 10.1002/jat.2868; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Cys | 44.7 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=557; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_146; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Cys; Reported_Response=44.7; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=44.7; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Lys | 2 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=493; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_148; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Lys; Reported_Response=2; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=2; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Lys | 1.8 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=499; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_149; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Lys; Reported_Response=1.8; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=1.8; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Lys | 1.3 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=506; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_151; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Lys; Reported_Response=1.3; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=1.3; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Lys | 3.6 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=518; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_154; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Lys; Reported_Response=3.6; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=3.6; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Nukada et al. 2013; 23149339; 10.1016/j.tiv.2012.11.006|Nukada personal communication (undated); URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Lys | 0.3 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=522; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_155; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Lys; Reported_Response=0.3; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=0.3; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Lys | 3.2 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=526; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_156; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Lys; Reported_Response=3.2; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=3.2; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Lys | 3.8 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=533; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_158; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Lys; Reported_Response=3.8; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=3.8; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Lys | 2.4 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=540; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_159; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Lys; Reported_Response=2.4; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=2.4; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Bauch et al. 2012; 22659254; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2012.05.013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Lys | 2.3 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=541; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_160; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Lys; Reported_Response=2.2999999999999998; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=2.3; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Lys | 2.5 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=548; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_161; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Lys; Reported_Response=2.5; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=2.5; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Lys | 11.2 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=549; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_162; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Lys; Reported_Response=11.2; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=11.2; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Gerberick et al. 2007; 17400584; 10.1093/toxsci/kfm064|Natsch et al. 2013; 23576290; 10.1002/jat.2868; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Lys | 4.2 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=556; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_146; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Lys; Reported_Response=4.2; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=4.2; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Lys + Cys | 25.3 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=496; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_148; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Lys + Cys; Reported_Response=25.3; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=25.3; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Lys + Cys | 19.55 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=502; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_149; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Lys + Cys; Reported_Response=19.55; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=19.55; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Lys + Cys | 19 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=508; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_151; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Lys + Cys; Reported_Response=19; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=19; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Lys + Cys | 24 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=520; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_154; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Lys + Cys; Reported_Response=24; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=24; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Nukada et al. 2013; 23149339; 10.1016/j.tiv.2012.11.006|Nukada personal communication (undated); URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Lys + Cys | 15.4 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=524; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_155; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Lys + Cys; Reported_Response=15.4; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=15.4; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Lys + Cys | 19.9 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=530; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_156; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Lys + Cys; Reported_Response=19.899999999999999; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=19.9; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Lys + Cys | 22.2 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=537; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_158; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Lys + Cys; Reported_Response=22.2; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=22.2; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Lys + Cys | 25.95 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=544; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_160; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Lys + Cys; Reported_Response=25.95; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=25.95; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Lys + Cys | 28.6 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=545; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_159; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Lys + Cys; Reported_Response=28.6; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=28.6; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Bauch et al. 2012; 22659254; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2012.05.013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Lys + Cys | 26.95 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=552; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_161; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Lys + Cys; Reported_Response=26.95; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=26.95; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Lys + Cys | 35.8 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=554; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_162; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Lys + Cys; Reported_Response=35.799999999999997; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=35.8; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Gerberick et al. 2007; 17400584; 10.1093/toxsci/kfm064|Natsch et al. 2013; 23576290; 10.1002/jat.2868; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Depletion Lys + Cys | 24.45 | % | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; DPRA2015; DPRA | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=558; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_146; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=DPRA2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=DPRA; Endpoint=Depletion Lys + Cys; Reported_Response=24.45; Reported_Response_Unit=%; Response=24.45; Response_Unit=%; Reference=Joint Research Centre of the European Union 2013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC1.5 | 137 | uM | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; KeratinoSens2015; KeratinoSens | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=5848; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_1378; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=KeratinoSens2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=KeratinoSens; Endpoint=EC1.5; Reported_Response=137; Reported_Response_Unit=uM; Response=137; Response_Unit=uM; Reference=Bauch et al. 2012; 22659254; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2012.05.013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC1.5 | 63.21 | uM | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; CE_KeratinoSense2018; KeratinoSens | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=5850; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_1377; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=CE_KeratinoSense2018; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=KeratinoSens; Endpoint=EC1.5; Reported_Response=63.21; Reported_Response_Unit=uM; Response=63.21; Response_Unit=uM; Reference=Emter et al. 2010; 20307559; 10.1016/j.taap.2010.03.009|Natsch et al. 2013; 23576290; 10.1002/jat.2868|Urbisch et al. 2015; 25541156; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.12.008; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC1.5 | 184.4 | uM | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; Urbisch_SkinSensitization2020; LuSens | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=7608; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_1847; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=Urbisch_SkinSensitization2020; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LuSens; Endpoint=EC1.5; Reported_Response=184.3783982; Reported_Response_Unit=uM; Response=184.4; Response_Unit=uM; Reference=Urbisch et al. 2015; 25541156; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.12.008; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 72.2 | uM | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; CE_KeratinoSense2018; KeratinoSens | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=5852; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_1377; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=CE_KeratinoSense2018; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=KeratinoSens; Endpoint=EC3; Reported_Response=72.200999999999993; Reported_Response_Unit=uM; Response=72.2; Response_Unit=uM; Reference=Emter et al. 2010; 20307559; 10.1016/j.taap.2010.03.009|Natsch et al. 2013; 23576290; 10.1002/jat.2868|Urbisch et al. 2015; 25541156; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.12.008; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.7 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; Urbisch_SkinSensitization2020; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=12805; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_2808; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=Urbisch_SkinSensitization2020; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.7; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Urbisch et al. 2015; 25541156; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.12.008; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.61 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13244; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3317; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.61; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Hilton et al. 1998; 9471984; Not available; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.37 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13246; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3319; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.37; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Kimber et al. 1991; 1998208; 10.1016/0378-4274(91)90135-s; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.99 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13247; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3322; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.99; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Kimber et al. 1991; 1998208; 10.1016/0378-4274(91)90135-s; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.35 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13248; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3323; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.35; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Basketter et al. 2001; 11553118; 10.1034/j.1600-0536.2001.045002089.x; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.44 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13249; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3324; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.44; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Basketter et al. 2003; Not available; 10.1081/CUS-120026299; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.27 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13251; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3326; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.27; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Ryan et al. 2002; 12176099; 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00116-3; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.11 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13252; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3327; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.11; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Hilton et al. 1996; 8690318; 10.1016/0278-6915(96)00012-9; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.3 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13253; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3328; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.3; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Ryan et al. 2002; 12176099; 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00116-3; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 14.5 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13254; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3330; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=14.5; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Ryan et al. 2002; 12176099; 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00116-3; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 3.6 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13255; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3332; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=3.6; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Basketter et al. 2003; Not available; 10.1081/CUS-120026299; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 4.2 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13257; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3334; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=4.2; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Ryan et al. 2002; 12176099; 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00116-3; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 3.8 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13259; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3337; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=3.8; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=ECPA personal communication (undated); URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 8 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13261; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3339; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=8; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=ECPA personal communication (undated); URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 5.6 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13262; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3340; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=5.6; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=ECPA personal communication (undated); URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 8.2 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13264; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3343; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=8.2; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=ECPA personal communication (undated); URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 12.3 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13265; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3346; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=12.3; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=ECPA personal communication (undated); URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.61 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13244; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3317; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.61; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Hilton et al. 1998; 9471984; Not available; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.37 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13246; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3319; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.37; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Kimber et al. 1991; 1998208; 10.1016/0378-4274(91)90135-s; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.99 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13247; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3322; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.99; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Kimber et al. 1991; 1998208; 10.1016/0378-4274(91)90135-s; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.35 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13248; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3323; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.35; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Basketter et al. 2001; 11553118; 10.1034/j.1600-0536.2001.045002089.x; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.44 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13249; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3324; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.44; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Basketter et al. 2003; Not available; 10.1081/CUS-120026299; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.27 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13251; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3326; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.27; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Ryan et al. 2002; 12176099; 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00116-3; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.11 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13252; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3327; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.11; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Hilton et al. 1996; 8690318; 10.1016/0278-6915(96)00012-9; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.3 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13253; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3328; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.3; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Ryan et al. 2002; 12176099; 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00116-3; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 14.5 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13254; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3330; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=14.5; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Ryan et al. 2002; 12176099; 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00116-3; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 3.6 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13255; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3332; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=3.6; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Basketter et al. 2003; Not available; 10.1081/CUS-120026299; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 4.2 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13257; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3334; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=4.2; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Ryan et al. 2002; 12176099; 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00116-3; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 3.8 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13259; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3337; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=3.8; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=ECPA personal communication (undated); URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 8 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13261; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3339; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=8; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=ECPA personal communication (undated); URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 5.6 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13262; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3340; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=5.6; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=ECPA personal communication (undated); URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 8.2 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13264; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3343; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=8.2; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=ECPA personal communication (undated); URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 12.3 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13265; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3346; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=12.3; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=ECPA personal communication (undated); URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.61 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13244; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3317; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.61; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Hilton et al. 1998; 9471984; Not available; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.37 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13246; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3319; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.37; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Kimber et al. 1991; 1998208; 10.1016/0378-4274(91)90135-s; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.99 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13247; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3322; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.99; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Kimber et al. 1991; 1998208; 10.1016/0378-4274(91)90135-s; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.35 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13248; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3323; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.35; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Basketter et al. 2001; 11553118; 10.1034/j.1600-0536.2001.045002089.x; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.44 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13249; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3324; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.44; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Basketter et al. 2003; Not available; 10.1081/CUS-120026299; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.27 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13251; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3326; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.27; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Ryan et al. 2002; 12176099; 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00116-3; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.11 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13252; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3327; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.11; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Hilton et al. 1996; 8690318; 10.1016/0278-6915(96)00012-9; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.3 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13253; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3328; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.3; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Ryan et al. 2002; 12176099; 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00116-3; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 14.5 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13254; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3330; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=14.5; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Ryan et al. 2002; 12176099; 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00116-3; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 3.6 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13255; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3332; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=3.6; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Basketter et al. 2003; Not available; 10.1081/CUS-120026299; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 4.2 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13257; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3334; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=4.2; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Ryan et al. 2002; 12176099; 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00116-3; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 3.8 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13259; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3337; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=3.8; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=ECPA personal communication (undated); URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 8 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13261; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3339; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=8; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=ECPA personal communication (undated); URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 5.6 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13262; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3340; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=5.6; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=ECPA personal communication (undated); URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 8.2 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13264; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3343; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=8.2; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=ECPA personal communication (undated); URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 12.3 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13265; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3346; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=12.3; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=ECPA personal communication (undated); URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.61 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13244; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3317; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.61; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Hilton et al. 1998; 9471984; Not available; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.37 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13246; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3319; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.37; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Kimber et al. 1991; 1998208; 10.1016/0378-4274(91)90135-s; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.99 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13247; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3322; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.99; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Kimber et al. 1991; 1998208; 10.1016/0378-4274(91)90135-s; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.35 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13248; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3323; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.35; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Basketter et al. 2001; 11553118; 10.1034/j.1600-0536.2001.045002089.x; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.44 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13249; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3324; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.44; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Basketter et al. 2003; Not available; 10.1081/CUS-120026299; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.27 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13251; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3326; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.27; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Ryan et al. 2002; 12176099; 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00116-3; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.11 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13252; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3327; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.11; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Hilton et al. 1996; 8690318; 10.1016/0278-6915(96)00012-9; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 0.3 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13253; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3328; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=0.3; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Ryan et al. 2002; 12176099; 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00116-3; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 14.5 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13254; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3330; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=14.5; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Ryan et al. 2002; 12176099; 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00116-3; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 3.6 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13255; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3332; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=3.6; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Basketter et al. 2003; Not available; 10.1081/CUS-120026299; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 4.2 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13257; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3334; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=4.2; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=Ryan et al. 2002; 12176099; 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00116-3; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 3.8 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13259; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3337; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=3.8; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=ECPA personal communication (undated); URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 8 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13261; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3339; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=8; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=ECPA personal communication (undated); URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 5.6 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13262; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3340; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=5.6; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=ECPA personal communication (undated); URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 8.2 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13264; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3343; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=8.2; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=ECPA personal communication (undated); URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | EC3 | 12.3 | % | Mouse | Dermal | - | In Vivo; LLNAdb2013; LLNA | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=13265; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_3346; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=LLNAdb2013; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LLNA; Endpoint=EC3; Response=12.3; Response_Unit=%; Species=Mouse; Route=Dermal; Reference=ECPA personal communication (undated); URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | IC50 | 201.63 | uM | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; CE_KeratinoSense2018; KeratinoSens | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=5854; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_1377; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=CE_KeratinoSense2018; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=KeratinoSens; Endpoint=IC50; Reported_Response=201.63; Reported_Response_Unit=uM; Response=201.63; Response_Unit=uM; Reference=Emter et al. 2010; 20307559; 10.1016/j.taap.2010.03.009|Natsch et al. 2013; 23576290; 10.1002/jat.2868|Urbisch et al. 2015; 25541156; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.12.008; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | IC50 | 385.9 | uM | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; KeratinoSens2015; KeratinoSens | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=5856; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_1378; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=KeratinoSens2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=KeratinoSens; Endpoint=IC50; Reported_Response=385.9; Reported_Response_Unit=uM; Response=385.9; Response_Unit=uM; Reference=Bauch et al. 2012; 22659254; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2012.05.013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | IC50 | >288 | uM | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; Urbisch_SkinSensitization2020; LuSens | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=7677; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_1847; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=Urbisch_SkinSensitization2020; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LuSens; Endpoint=IC50; Response_Modifier=>; Reported_Response_Modifier=>; Reported_Response=288; Reported_Response_Unit=uM; Response=288; Response_Unit=uM; Reference=Urbisch et al. 2015; 25541156; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.12.008; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Imax | 16.92 | ratio | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; CE_KeratinoSense2018; KeratinoSens | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=5858; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_1377; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=CE_KeratinoSense2018; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=KeratinoSens; Endpoint=Imax; Reported_Response=16.920000000000002; Reported_Response_Unit=Unitless; Response=16.92; Response_Unit=Ratio; Reference=Emter et al. 2010; 20307559; 10.1016/j.taap.2010.03.009|Natsch et al. 2013; 23576290; 10.1002/jat.2868|Urbisch et al. 2015; 25541156; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.12.008; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Imax | 4.1 | ratio | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; KeratinoSens2015; KeratinoSens | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=5860; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_1378; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=KeratinoSens2015; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=KeratinoSens; Endpoint=Imax; Reported_Response=4.0999999999999996; Reported_Response_Unit=Unitless; Response=4.1; Response_Unit=Ratio; Reference=Bauch et al. 2012; 22659254; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2012.05.013; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Imax | 3.99 | ratio | - | Dermal | - | In Vitro; Urbisch_SkinSensitization2020; LuSens | sheet=Data_invitro; excel_row=7581; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invitro_1847; Data_Type=In Vitro; Internal_Data_Source=Urbisch_SkinSensitization2020; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=LuSens; Endpoint=Imax; Reported_Response=3.989754477; Reported_Response_Unit=Unitless; Response=3.99; Response_Unit=Ratio; Reference=Urbisch et al. 2015; 25541156; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.12.008; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Incidence of positive responses | 72 | % | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Maximization Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7520; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1714; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=1.85; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Maximization Test; Endpoint=Incidence of positive responses; Response=72; Response_Unit=%; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Kligman 1966; 5924294; 10.1038/jid.1966.160|Greif 1967; Not available; Not available|Magnusson and Kligman 1969; 5774356; 10.1038/jid.1969.42|Basketter et al. 1994; 8045461; 10.1016/0278-6915(94)90112-0|Basketter et al. 1999; 10654593; 10.1016/S0278-6915(99)00112-x|Gerberick et al. 2000; 10684384; 10.1053/ajcd.2000.0003|Akkan et al. 2003; Not available; Not available; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Incidence of positive responses | 0 | % | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7530; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1716; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=0.037; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Incidence of positive responses; Response=0; Response_Unit=%; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1974; 4459237; 10.1016/0015-6264(74)90367-8|Akkan et al. 2003; Not available; Not available|Griem et al. 2003; 14623479; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2003.07.001|Schneider and Akkan 2004; 15135206; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2004.02.002|Basketter et al. 2005; 16283904; 10.1111/j.0105-1873.2005.00707.x; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Incidence of positive responses | 4.494 | % | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7538; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1717; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=0.37; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Incidence of positive responses; Response=4.494; Response_Unit=%; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1974; 4459237; 10.1016/0015-6264(74)90367-8|Gerberick et al. 2001; 11526521; 10.1053/ajcd.2001.23926|Akkan et al. 2003; Not available; Not available|Griem et al. 2003; 14623479; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2003.07.001|Schneider and Akkan 2004; 15135206; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2004.02.002; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Incidence of positive responses | 7.843 | % | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7539; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1718; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=3.7; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Incidence of positive responses; Response=7.843; Response_Unit=%; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1973; Not available; Not available; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Incidence of positive responses | 5.682 | % | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7554; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1719; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=1.11; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Incidence of positive responses; Response=5.682; Response_Unit=%; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1974; 4459237; 10.1016/0015-6264(74)90367-8|Gerberick et al. 2001; 11526521; 10.1053/ajcd.2001.23926|Akkan et al. 2003; Not available; Not available|Griem et al. 2003; 14623479; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2003.07.001|Schneider and Akkan 2004; 15135206; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2004.02.002; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Incidence of positive responses | 7.692 | % | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7570; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1715; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=1.85; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Incidence of positive responses; Response=7.692; Response_Unit=%; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1973; Not available; Not available; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Induction dose per skin area | 1148 | ug/cm2 | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Maximization Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7518; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1714; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=1.85; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Maximization Test; Endpoint=Induction dose per skin area; Response=1148; Response_Unit=ug/cm2; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Kligman 1966; 5924294; 10.1038/jid.1966.160|Greif 1967; Not available; Not available|Magnusson and Kligman 1969; 5774356; 10.1038/jid.1969.42|Basketter et al. 1994; 8045461; 10.1016/0278-6915(94)90112-0|Basketter et al. 1999; 10654593; 10.1016/S0278-6915(99)00112-x|Gerberick et al. 2000; 10684384; 10.1053/ajcd.2000.0003|Akkan et al. 2003; Not available; Not available; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Induction dose per skin area | 28.68 | ug/cm2 | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7528; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1716; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=0.037; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Induction dose per skin area; Response=28.68; Response_Unit=ug/cm2; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1974; 4459237; 10.1016/0015-6264(74)90367-8|Akkan et al. 2003; Not available; Not available|Griem et al. 2003; 14623479; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2003.07.001|Schneider and Akkan 2004; 15135206; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2004.02.002|Basketter et al. 2005; 16283904; 10.1111/j.0105-1873.2005.00707.x; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Induction dose per skin area | 286.8 | ug/cm2 | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7536; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1717; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=0.37; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Induction dose per skin area; Response=286.8; Response_Unit=ug/cm2; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1974; 4459237; 10.1016/0015-6264(74)90367-8|Gerberick et al. 2001; 11526521; 10.1053/ajcd.2001.23926|Akkan et al. 2003; Not available; Not available|Griem et al. 2003; 14623479; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2003.07.001|Schneider and Akkan 2004; 15135206; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2004.02.002; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Induction dose per skin area | 2868 | ug/cm2 | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7537; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1718; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=3.7; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Induction dose per skin area; Response=2868; Response_Unit=ug/cm2; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1973; Not available; Not available; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Induction dose per skin area | 860.3 | ug/cm2 | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7552; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1719; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=1.11; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Induction dose per skin area; Response=860.3; Response_Unit=ug/cm2; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1974; 4459237; 10.1016/0015-6264(74)90367-8|Gerberick et al. 2001; 11526521; 10.1053/ajcd.2001.23926|Akkan et al. 2003; Not available; Not available|Griem et al. 2003; 14623479; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2003.07.001|Schneider and Akkan 2004; 15135206; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2004.02.002; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Induction dose per skin area | 1434 | ug/cm2 | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7568; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1715; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=1.85; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Induction dose per skin area; Response=1434; Response_Unit=ug/cm2; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1973; Not available; Not available; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Induction dose per skin area, 5% incidence of positive responses | 79.74 | ug/cm2 | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Maximization Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7525; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1714; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=1.85; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Maximization Test; Endpoint=Induction dose per skin area, 5% incidence of positive responses; Response=79.74; Response_Unit=ug/cm2; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Kligman 1966; 5924294; 10.1038/jid.1966.160|Greif 1967; Not available; Not available|Magnusson and Kligman 1969; 5774356; 10.1038/jid.1969.42|Basketter et al. 1994; 8045461; 10.1016/0278-6915(94)90112-0|Basketter et al. 1999; 10654593; 10.1016/S0278-6915(99)00112-x|Gerberick et al. 2000; 10684384; 10.1053/ajcd.2000.0003|Akkan et al. 2003; Not available; Not available; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Induction dose per skin area, 5% incidence of positive responses | 931.9 | ug/cm2 | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7533; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1715; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=1.85; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Induction dose per skin area, 5% incidence of positive responses; Response=931.9; Response_Unit=ug/cm2; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1973; Not available; Not available; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Induction dose per skin area, 5% incidence of positive responses | 319 | ug/cm2 | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7548; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1717; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=0.37; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Induction dose per skin area, 5% incidence of positive responses; Response=319; Response_Unit=ug/cm2; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1974; 4459237; 10.1016/0015-6264(74)90367-8|Gerberick et al. 2001; 11526521; 10.1053/ajcd.2001.23926|Akkan et al. 2003; Not available; Not available|Griem et al. 2003; 14623479; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2003.07.001|Schneider and Akkan 2004; 15135206; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2004.02.002; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Induction dose per skin area, 5% incidence of positive responses | 1828 | ug/cm2 | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7549; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1718; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=3.7; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Induction dose per skin area, 5% incidence of positive responses; Response=1828; Response_Unit=ug/cm2; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1973; Not available; Not available; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Induction dose per skin area, 5% incidence of positive responses | 757 | ug/cm2 | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7564; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1719; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=1.11; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Induction dose per skin area, 5% incidence of positive responses; Response=757; Response_Unit=ug/cm2; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1974; 4459237; 10.1016/0015-6264(74)90367-8|Gerberick et al. 2001; 11526521; 10.1053/ajcd.2001.23926|Akkan et al. 2003; Not available; Not available|Griem et al. 2003; 14623479; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2003.07.001|Schneider and Akkan 2004; 15135206; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2004.02.002; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Induction dose per skin area, one positive response | 63.79 | ug/cm2 | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Maximization Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7523; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1714; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=1.85; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Maximization Test; Endpoint=Induction dose per skin area, one positive response; Response=63.79; Response_Unit=ug/cm2; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Kligman 1966; 5924294; 10.1038/jid.1966.160|Greif 1967; Not available; Not available|Magnusson and Kligman 1969; 5774356; 10.1038/jid.1969.42|Basketter et al. 1994; 8045461; 10.1016/0278-6915(94)90112-0|Basketter et al. 1999; 10654593; 10.1016/S0278-6915(99)00112-x|Gerberick et al. 2000; 10684384; 10.1053/ajcd.2000.0003|Akkan et al. 2003; Not available; Not available; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Induction dose per skin area, one positive response | 358.4 | ug/cm2 | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7529; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1715; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=1.85; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Induction dose per skin area, one positive response; Response=358.4; Response_Unit=ug/cm2; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1973; Not available; Not available; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Induction dose per skin area, one positive response | 71.69 | ug/cm2 | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7544; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1717; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=0.37; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Induction dose per skin area, one positive response; Response=71.69; Response_Unit=ug/cm2; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1974; 4459237; 10.1016/0015-6264(74)90367-8|Gerberick et al. 2001; 11526521; 10.1053/ajcd.2001.23926|Akkan et al. 2003; Not available; Not available|Griem et al. 2003; 14623479; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2003.07.001|Schneider and Akkan 2004; 15135206; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2004.02.002; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Induction dose per skin area, one positive response | 172.1 | ug/cm2 | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7560; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1719; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=1.11; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Induction dose per skin area, one positive response; Response=172.1; Response_Unit=ug/cm2; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1974; 4459237; 10.1016/0015-6264(74)90367-8|Gerberick et al. 2001; 11526521; 10.1053/ajcd.2001.23926|Akkan et al. 2003; Not available; Not available|Griem et al. 2003; 14623479; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2003.07.001|Schneider and Akkan 2004; 15135206; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2004.02.002; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Relative reliability score | 1 | unitless | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Maximization Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7526; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1714; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=1.85; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Maximization Test; Endpoint=Relative reliability score; Response=1; Response_Unit=Unitless; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Kligman 1966; 5924294; 10.1038/jid.1966.160|Greif 1967; Not available; Not available|Magnusson and Kligman 1969; 5774356; 10.1038/jid.1969.42|Basketter et al. 1994; 8045461; 10.1016/0278-6915(94)90112-0|Basketter et al. 1999; 10654593; 10.1016/S0278-6915(99)00112-x|Gerberick et al. 2000; 10684384; 10.1053/ajcd.2000.0003|Akkan et al. 2003; Not available; Not available; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Relative reliability score | 2 | unitless | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7534; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1716; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=0.037; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Relative reliability score; Response=2; Response_Unit=Unitless; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1974; 4459237; 10.1016/0015-6264(74)90367-8|Akkan et al. 2003; Not available; Not available|Griem et al. 2003; 14623479; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2003.07.001|Schneider and Akkan 2004; 15135206; 10.1016/j.yrtph.2004.02.002|Basketter et al. 2005; 16283904; 10.1111/j.0105-1873.2005.00707.x; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
| NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization | Relative reliability score | 3 | unitless | Human | Dermal | - | In Vivo; HPPT2020WIP; Human Repeat Insult Patch Test | sheet=Data_invivo; excel_row=7535; Record_ID=skin_sensitization_invivo_1715; Data_Type=In Vivo; Internal_Data_Source=HPPT2020WIP; Concentration=1.85; Concentration_Units=%; Mixture=Chemical; DTXSID=DTXSID7020637; Assay=Human Repeat Insult Patch Test; Endpoint=Relative reliability score; Response=3; Response_Unit=Unitless; Species=Human; Route=Dermal; Reference=Marzulli and Maibach 1973; Not available; Not available; URL_CompTox=https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID7020637; URL_CEBS=https://doi.org/10.22427/NTP-DATA-DTXSID7020637 |
SCCS_vision_codex 64 endpoints
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =0.08 | ppm | - | - | - | irritation | {"dose":"The NOAEL of 600 μg/m3 for the eye blink response is adjusted using an assessment factor of 5, derived from the standard deviation of nasal pungency (sensory irritation) thresholds, leading to a value of 120 μg/m3, which has been rounded down to 100 μg/m3 (0.08 ppm).","effect":"Air Guideline Level based on the following observation: “Increases in eye blink frequency and conjunctival redness appear at a concentration of 600 μg/m3\", which was then considered the NOAEL. There is no indication of accumulation of effects over time with prolonged exposure. The perception of odour may result in some individuals reporting subjective sensory irritation, and individuals may perceive formaldehyde at concentrations below 100 μg/m3. However, this is not considered to be an adverse health effect. The NOAEL of 600 μg/m3 for the eye blink response is adjusted using an assessment factor of 5, derived from the standard deviation of nasal pungency (sensory irritation) thresholds, leading to a value of 120 μg/m3, which has been rounded down to 100 μg/m3 (0.08 ppm). Neither increased sensitivity nor sensitisation is considered plausible at such indoor concentrations in adults and children. This value is thus considered valid for short-term (30-min) duration, and this threshold should not be exceeded at any 30-min interval","page":12,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_006"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =0.08 | ppm | - | - | - | irritation | {"dose":"The NOAEL of 600 μg/m3 for the eye blink response is adjusted using an assessment factor of 5, derived from the standard deviation of nasal pungency (sensory irritation) thresholds, leading to a value of 120 μg/m3, which has been rounded down to 100 μg/m3 (0.08 ppm).","effect":"Air Guideline Level based on the following observation: “Increases in eye blink frequency and conjunctival redness appear at a concentration of 600 μg/m3\", which was then considered the NOAEL. There is no indication of accumulation of effects over time with prolonged exposure. The perception of odour may result in some individuals reporting subjective sensory irritation, and individuals may perceive formaldehyde at concentrations below 100 μg/m3. However, this is not considered to be an adverse health effect. The NOAEL of 600 μg/m3 for the eye blink response is adjusted using an assessment factor of 5, derived from the standard deviation of nasal pungency (sensory irritation) thresholds, leading to a value of 120 μg/m3, which has been rounded down to 100 μg/m3 (0.08 ppm). Neither increased sensitivity nor sensitisation is considered plausible at such indoor concentrations in adults and children. This value is thus considered valid for short-term (30-min) duration, and this threshold should not be exceeded at any 30-min interval","page":12,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_006"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =0.08 | ppm | - | - | - | irritation | {"dose":"The NOAEL of 600 μg/m3 for the eye blink response is adjusted using an assessment factor of 5, derived from the standard deviation of nasal pungency (sensory irritation) thresholds, leading to a value of 120 μg/m3, which has been rounded down to 100 μg/m3 (0.08 ppm).","effect":"Air Guideline Level based on the following observation: “Increases in eye blink frequency and conjunctival redness appear at a concentration of 600 μg/m3\", which was then considered the NOAEL. There is no indication of accumulation of effects over time with prolonged exposure. The perception of odour may result in some individuals reporting subjective sensory irritation, and individuals may perceive formaldehyde at concentrations below 100 μg/m3. However, this is not considered to be an adverse health effect. The NOAEL of 600 μg/m3 for the eye blink response is adjusted using an assessment factor of 5, derived from the standard deviation of nasal pungency (sensory irritation) thresholds, leading to a value of 120 μg/m3, which has been rounded down to 100 μg/m3 (0.08 ppm). Neither increased sensitivity nor sensitisation is considered plausible at such indoor concentrations in adults and children. This value is thus considered valid for short-term (30-min) duration, and this threshold should not be exceeded at any 30-min interval","page":12,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_006"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =0.08 | ppm | - | - | - | irritation | {"dose":"The NOAEL of 600 μg/m3 for the eye blink response is adjusted using an assessment factor of 5, derived from the standard deviation of nasal pungency (sensory irritation) thresholds, leading to a value of 120 μg/m3, which has been rounded down to 100 μg/m3 (0.08 ppm).","effect":"Air Guideline Level based on the following observation: “Increases in eye blink frequency and conjunctival redness appear at a concentration of 600 μg/m3\", which was then considered the NOAEL. There is no indication of accumulation of effects over time with prolonged exposure. The perception of odour may result in some individuals reporting subjective sensory irritation, and individuals may perceive formaldehyde at concentrations below 100 μg/m3. However, this is not considered to be an adverse health effect. The NOAEL of 600 μg/m3 for the eye blink response is adjusted using an assessment factor of 5, derived from the standard deviation of nasal pungency (sensory irritation) thresholds, leading to a value of 120 μg/m3, which has been rounded down to 100 μg/m3 (0.08 ppm). Neither increased sensitivity nor sensitisation is considered plausible at such indoor concentrations in adults and children. This value is thus considered valid for short-term (30-min) duration, and this threshold should not be exceeded at any 30-min interval","page":12,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_006"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =0.3 | ppm | rat | oral | - | genotoxicity | {"dose":"icity studies, based on local lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day.","effect":"icity studies, based on local lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day. In the skin, irritating effects were observed at ≥0.5% formaldehyde. Currently there is no evidence that systemic effects would occur after repeated dermal application of this compound. In rodents and monkeys the respiratory epithelium in the nasal cavity was shown to be the most sensitive site when formaldehyde is being administered via inhalation (induction of squamous metaplasia and hyperplasia). The lowest NOAEL observed in one of the published studies was 0.3 ppm in rats and 0.2 ppm in monkeys. Mutagenicity and genotoxicity: Formaldehyde has been demonstrated as being genotoxic and mutagenic in vitro as well as in vivo at local sites of exposure, both in animals and humans. Oral studies in experimental animals at high doses did not show systemic genotoxicity or mutagenicity. For the inhalation route, however, the situation is less clear: whereas the majority of studies with rats and monkeys were negative, there is curre","page":10,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_003"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =0.3 | ppm | rat | oral | - | genotoxicity | {"dose":"icity studies, based on local lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day.","effect":"icity studies, based on local lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day. In the skin, irritating effects were observed at ≥0.5% formaldehyde. Currently there is no evidence that systemic effects would occur after repeated dermal application of this compound. In rodents and monkeys the respiratory epithelium in the nasal cavity was shown to be the most sensitive site when formaldehyde is being administered via inhalation (induction of squamous metaplasia and hyperplasia). The lowest NOAEL observed in one of the published studies was 0.3 ppm in rats and 0.2 ppm in monkeys. Mutagenicity and genotoxicity: Formaldehyde has been demonstrated as being genotoxic and mutagenic in vitro as well as in vivo at local sites of exposure, both in animals and humans. Oral studies in experimental animals at high doses did not show systemic genotoxicity or mutagenicity. For the inhalation route, however, the situation is less clear: whereas the majority of studies with rats and monkeys were negative, there is curre","page":10,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_003"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =0.3 | ppm | rat | oral | - | genotoxicity | {"dose":"icity studies, based on local lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day.","effect":"icity studies, based on local lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day. In the skin, irritating effects were observed at ≥0.5% formaldehyde. Currently there is no evidence that systemic effects would occur after repeated dermal application of this compound. In rodents and monkeys the respiratory epithelium in the nasal cavity was shown to be the most sensitive site when formaldehyde is being administered via inhalation (induction of squamous metaplasia and hyperplasia). The lowest NOAEL observed in one of the published studies was 0.3 ppm in rats and 0.2 ppm in monkeys. Mutagenicity and genotoxicity: Formaldehyde has been demonstrated as being genotoxic and mutagenic in vitro as well as in vivo at local sites of exposure, both in animals and humans. Oral studies in experimental animals at high doses did not show systemic genotoxicity or mutagenicity. For the inhalation route, however, the situation is less clear: whereas the majority of studies with rats and monkeys were negative, there is curre","page":10,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_003"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =0.3 | ppm | rat | oral | - | genotoxicity | {"dose":"icity studies, based on local lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day.","effect":"icity studies, based on local lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day. In the skin, irritating effects were observed at ≥0.5% formaldehyde. Currently there is no evidence that systemic effects would occur after repeated dermal application of this compound. In rodents and monkeys the respiratory epithelium in the nasal cavity was shown to be the most sensitive site when formaldehyde is being administered via inhalation (induction of squamous metaplasia and hyperplasia). The lowest NOAEL observed in one of the published studies was 0.3 ppm in rats and 0.2 ppm in monkeys. Mutagenicity and genotoxicity: Formaldehyde has been demonstrated as being genotoxic and mutagenic in vitro as well as in vivo at local sites of exposure, both in animals and humans. Oral studies in experimental animals at high doses did not show systemic genotoxicity or mutagenicity. For the inhalation route, however, the situation is less clear: whereas the majority of studies with rats and monkeys were negative, there is curre","page":10,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_003"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =0.4 | ppm | rat | - | developmental | reproductive toxicity | {"dose":"Thus, this study offered a NOAEL of 0.4 ppm, a level where neither sensory irritation nor decreased respiratory minute volume was observed in the rats.","effect":"is study no differences were observed in serum testosterone concentrations, testicular and epididymal weights, nor in epididymal tubular diameters. In the high-exposure group, however, atrophy of the testicular seminiferous tubules, decreased spermatogenic cells and oligozoospermia were observed. Additionally, testicular seminiferous tubular diameters and epididymal sperm counts were significantly decreased, while the epididymal percentage of abnormal sperms were significantly increased. Thus, this study offered a NOAEL of 0.4 ppm, a level where neither sensory irritation nor decreased respiratory minute volume was observed in the rats. Hence no effect was observable in male rats in the absence of sensory irritation. 4.1.10.2 Humans (Summary) Reproductive and developmental toxicity of formaldehyde in humans has also been reviewed by Nielsen et al. (2013). The authors discussed two putatively contradicting reviews and meta-analyses published by Collins et al. (2001) and Duong et al. (2011) and came to the conclusion that the re","page":61,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_023"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =0.4 | ppm | rat | - | developmental | reproductive toxicity | {"dose":"Thus, this study offered a NOAEL of 0.4 ppm, a level where neither sensory irritation nor decreased respiratory minute volume was observed in the rats.","effect":"is study no differences were observed in serum testosterone concentrations, testicular and epididymal weights, nor in epididymal tubular diameters. In the high-exposure group, however, atrophy of the testicular seminiferous tubules, decreased spermatogenic cells and oligozoospermia were observed. Additionally, testicular seminiferous tubular diameters and epididymal sperm counts were significantly decreased, while the epididymal percentage of abnormal sperms were significantly increased. Thus, this study offered a NOAEL of 0.4 ppm, a level where neither sensory irritation nor decreased respiratory minute volume was observed in the rats. Hence no effect was observable in male rats in the absence of sensory irritation. 4.1.10.2 Humans (Summary) Reproductive and developmental toxicity of formaldehyde in humans has also been reviewed by Nielsen et al. (2013). The authors discussed two putatively contradicting reviews and meta-analyses published by Collins et al. (2001) and Duong et al. (2011) and came to the conclusion that the re","page":61,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_023"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =0.4 | ppm | rat | - | developmental | reproductive toxicity | {"dose":"Thus, this study offered a NOAEL of 0.4 ppm, a level where neither sensory irritation nor decreased respiratory minute volume was observed in the rats.","effect":"is study no differences were observed in serum testosterone concentrations, testicular and epididymal weights, nor in epididymal tubular diameters. In the high-exposure group, however, atrophy of the testicular seminiferous tubules, decreased spermatogenic cells and oligozoospermia were observed. Additionally, testicular seminiferous tubular diameters and epididymal sperm counts were significantly decreased, while the epididymal percentage of abnormal sperms were significantly increased. Thus, this study offered a NOAEL of 0.4 ppm, a level where neither sensory irritation nor decreased respiratory minute volume was observed in the rats. Hence no effect was observable in male rats in the absence of sensory irritation. 4.1.10.2 Humans (Summary) Reproductive and developmental toxicity of formaldehyde in humans has also been reviewed by Nielsen et al. (2013). The authors discussed two putatively contradicting reviews and meta-analyses published by Collins et al. (2001) and Duong et al. (2011) and came to the conclusion that the re","page":61,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_023"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =0.4 | ppm | rat | - | developmental | reproductive toxicity | {"dose":"Thus, this study offered a NOAEL of 0.4 ppm, a level where neither sensory irritation nor decreased respiratory minute volume was observed in the rats.","effect":"is study no differences were observed in serum testosterone concentrations, testicular and epididymal weights, nor in epididymal tubular diameters. In the high-exposure group, however, atrophy of the testicular seminiferous tubules, decreased spermatogenic cells and oligozoospermia were observed. Additionally, testicular seminiferous tubular diameters and epididymal sperm counts were significantly decreased, while the epididymal percentage of abnormal sperms were significantly increased. Thus, this study offered a NOAEL of 0.4 ppm, a level where neither sensory irritation nor decreased respiratory minute volume was observed in the rats. Hence no effect was observable in male rats in the absence of sensory irritation. 4.1.10.2 Humans (Summary) Reproductive and developmental toxicity of formaldehyde in humans has also been reviewed by Nielsen et al. (2013). The authors discussed two putatively contradicting reviews and meta-analyses published by Collins et al. (2001) and Duong et al. (2011) and came to the conclusion that the re","page":61,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_023"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =0.5 | ppm | rat | oral | - | repeated dose toxicity | {"dose":"threshold 0.5 ppm (WHO, 1989).","effect":"threshold 0.5 ppm (WHO, 1989). Eye irritation was revealed as most sensitive adverse endpoint. In susceptible individuals, slight discomfort due to eye irritation occurred at 0.25 ppm but dose-dependent increases in eye irritation were not observed below 1 ppm. No subjective symptoms were noted at 0.15 ppm. By contrast, nose and throat irritations occur at dose levels of ≥2 ppm. Objective ratings for eye irritation (conjunctival redness and eye blinking frequency) have been investigated in healthy volunteers and a NOAEL of 0.5 ppm (without exposure peaks) and 0.3 ppm (with exposure peaks of 0.6 ppm) was established. Repeated dose toxicity: In repeated oral dose toxicity studies, based on local lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day. In the skin, irritating effects were observed at ≥0.5% formaldehyde. Currently there is no evidence that systemic effects would occur after repeated dermal application of this compound. In rodents and monkeys the respiratory epithelium in the nasal cavity was shown","page":10,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_001"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =0.5 | ppm | rat | oral | - | repeated dose toxicity | {"dose":"threshold 0.5 ppm (WHO, 1989).","effect":"threshold 0.5 ppm (WHO, 1989). Eye irritation was revealed as most sensitive adverse endpoint. In susceptible individuals, slight discomfort due to eye irritation occurred at 0.25 ppm but dose-dependent increases in eye irritation were not observed below 1 ppm. No subjective symptoms were noted at 0.15 ppm. By contrast, nose and throat irritations occur at dose levels of ≥2 ppm. Objective ratings for eye irritation (conjunctival redness and eye blinking frequency) have been investigated in healthy volunteers and a NOAEL of 0.5 ppm (without exposure peaks) and 0.3 ppm (with exposure peaks of 0.6 ppm) was established. Repeated dose toxicity: In repeated oral dose toxicity studies, based on local lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day. In the skin, irritating effects were observed at ≥0.5% formaldehyde. Currently there is no evidence that systemic effects would occur after repeated dermal application of this compound. In rodents and monkeys the respiratory epithelium in the nasal cavity was shown","page":10,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_001"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =0.5 | ppm | rat | oral | - | repeated dose toxicity | {"dose":"threshold 0.5 ppm (WHO, 1989).","effect":"threshold 0.5 ppm (WHO, 1989). Eye irritation was revealed as most sensitive adverse endpoint. In susceptible individuals, slight discomfort due to eye irritation occurred at 0.25 ppm but dose-dependent increases in eye irritation were not observed below 1 ppm. No subjective symptoms were noted at 0.15 ppm. By contrast, nose and throat irritations occur at dose levels of ≥2 ppm. Objective ratings for eye irritation (conjunctival redness and eye blinking frequency) have been investigated in healthy volunteers and a NOAEL of 0.5 ppm (without exposure peaks) and 0.3 ppm (with exposure peaks of 0.6 ppm) was established. Repeated dose toxicity: In repeated oral dose toxicity studies, based on local lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day. In the skin, irritating effects were observed at ≥0.5% formaldehyde. Currently there is no evidence that systemic effects would occur after repeated dermal application of this compound. In rodents and monkeys the respiratory epithelium in the nasal cavity was shown","page":10,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_001"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =0.5 | ppm | rat | oral | - | repeated dose toxicity | {"dose":"threshold 0.5 ppm (WHO, 1989).","effect":"threshold 0.5 ppm (WHO, 1989). Eye irritation was revealed as most sensitive adverse endpoint. In susceptible individuals, slight discomfort due to eye irritation occurred at 0.25 ppm but dose-dependent increases in eye irritation were not observed below 1 ppm. No subjective symptoms were noted at 0.15 ppm. By contrast, nose and throat irritations occur at dose levels of ≥2 ppm. Objective ratings for eye irritation (conjunctival redness and eye blinking frequency) have been investigated in healthy volunteers and a NOAEL of 0.5 ppm (without exposure peaks) and 0.3 ppm (with exposure peaks of 0.6 ppm) was established. Repeated dose toxicity: In repeated oral dose toxicity studies, based on local lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day. In the skin, irritating effects were observed at ≥0.5% formaldehyde. Currently there is no evidence that systemic effects would occur after repeated dermal application of this compound. In rodents and monkeys the respiratory epithelium in the nasal cavity was shown","page":10,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_001"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =1 | ppm | rat | inhalation | 13 weeks | irritation | {"dose":"At 10 ppm, focal squamous metaplasia, hyperplasia, and keratinisation were detected in the nasal respiratory epithelium of both sexes.","effect":"_____________________________________________________________________ 36 larynx. At 10 ppm, focal squamous metaplasia, hyperplasia, and keratinisation were detected in the nasal respiratory epithelium of both sexes. Conclusions: Inhalation of formaldehyde for 13 weeks led to minor systemic effects at 20 ppm only. The predominant effects consisted of local respiratory tract irritation in the nasal cavity at 10 ppm and larynx at 20 ppm consisting of hyperplasia and metaplasia associated with cell proliferation. NOAEL in this study: 1 ppm in both sexes. 3rd study: Wilmer et al., 1989 Guideline: no Species/strain: Rats (Wistar) Group size: 25 males per group Test substance: Formaldehyde gas was generated via thermal depolymerisation of paraformaldehyde (97-99%) Batch: no data Purity: 97-99% Vehicle: no Dose levels: 0, 1, 2 ppm (continuously), 0, 2, 4 ppm (intermittent) Route: Inhalation Exposure: 13 weeks, 8 h/day, 5 days/week (continuously), or 8 x 30 min with 30 min non-exposure after each exposure period, 5 days/week (inte","page":36,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_009"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =1 | % | rat | inhalation | 60 weeks | NOAEL study | {"dose":"5% aqueous formaldehyde Batch: no data Purity: no data Vehicle: water Dose levels:","effect":"SCCS/1538/14 Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 38 Iversen, 1986: Application of 0.2 ml of 1 or 10% formaldehyde twice weekly for 60 weeks in hairless mice. Slight hyperplasia of the epidermis at 10%, no visible alterations of skin in the 1% group (= NOAEL) 4.1.7.3.3 Inhalation route 1st study: Rusch et al., 1983 Guideline: no Species/strain: Rats (Fischer 344), Syrian golden hamsters, Rhesus monkeys (Cynomolgus) Group size: 20 males and 20 females per group (rats), 10 males and 10 females per group (hamsters), 6 males per group (monkeys) Test substance: 5% aqueous formaldehyde Batch: no data Purity: no data Vehicle: water Dose levels: 0, 0.2, 1, 3 ppm Route: Inhalation Exposure: 22 h/day, 7 days/week, 26 weeks Administration: Whole body inhalation (exposure c","page":38,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_013"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =1 | ppm | rat | inhalation | 13 weeks | irritation | {"dose":"At 10 ppm, focal squamous metaplasia, hyperplasia, and keratinisation were detected in the nasal respiratory epithelium of both sexes.","effect":"_____________________________________________________________________ 36 larynx. At 10 ppm, focal squamous metaplasia, hyperplasia, and keratinisation were detected in the nasal respiratory epithelium of both sexes. Conclusions: Inhalation of formaldehyde for 13 weeks led to minor systemic effects at 20 ppm only. The predominant effects consisted of local respiratory tract irritation in the nasal cavity at 10 ppm and larynx at 20 ppm consisting of hyperplasia and metaplasia associated with cell proliferation. NOAEL in this study: 1 ppm in both sexes. 3rd study: Wilmer et al., 1989 Guideline: no Species/strain: Rats (Wistar) Group size: 25 males per group Test substance: Formaldehyde gas was generated via thermal depolymerisation of paraformaldehyde (97-99%) Batch: no data Purity: 97-99% Vehicle: no Dose levels: 0, 1, 2 ppm (continuously), 0, 2, 4 ppm (intermittent) Route: Inhalation Exposure: 13 weeks, 8 h/day, 5 days/week (continuously), or 8 x 30 min with 30 min non-exposure after each exposure period, 5 days/week (inte","page":36,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_009"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =1 | % | rat | inhalation | 60 weeks | NOAEL study | {"dose":"5% aqueous formaldehyde Batch: no data Purity: no data Vehicle: water Dose levels:","effect":"SCCS/1538/14 Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 38 Iversen, 1986: Application of 0.2 ml of 1 or 10% formaldehyde twice weekly for 60 weeks in hairless mice. Slight hyperplasia of the epidermis at 10%, no visible alterations of skin in the 1% group (= NOAEL) 4.1.7.3.3 Inhalation route 1st study: Rusch et al., 1983 Guideline: no Species/strain: Rats (Fischer 344), Syrian golden hamsters, Rhesus monkeys (Cynomolgus) Group size: 20 males and 20 females per group (rats), 10 males and 10 females per group (hamsters), 6 males per group (monkeys) Test substance: 5% aqueous formaldehyde Batch: no data Purity: no data Vehicle: water Dose levels: 0, 0.2, 1, 3 ppm Route: Inhalation Exposure: 22 h/day, 7 days/week, 26 weeks Administration: Whole body inhalation (exposure c","page":38,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_013"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =1 | ppm | rat | inhalation | 13 weeks | irritation | {"dose":"At 10 ppm, focal squamous metaplasia, hyperplasia, and keratinisation were detected in the nasal respiratory epithelium of both sexes.","effect":"_____________________________________________________________________ 36 larynx. At 10 ppm, focal squamous metaplasia, hyperplasia, and keratinisation were detected in the nasal respiratory epithelium of both sexes. Conclusions: Inhalation of formaldehyde for 13 weeks led to minor systemic effects at 20 ppm only. The predominant effects consisted of local respiratory tract irritation in the nasal cavity at 10 ppm and larynx at 20 ppm consisting of hyperplasia and metaplasia associated with cell proliferation. NOAEL in this study: 1 ppm in both sexes. 3rd study: Wilmer et al., 1989 Guideline: no Species/strain: Rats (Wistar) Group size: 25 males per group Test substance: Formaldehyde gas was generated via thermal depolymerisation of paraformaldehyde (97-99%) Batch: no data Purity: 97-99% Vehicle: no Dose levels: 0, 1, 2 ppm (continuously), 0, 2, 4 ppm (intermittent) Route: Inhalation Exposure: 13 weeks, 8 h/day, 5 days/week (continuously), or 8 x 30 min with 30 min non-exposure after each exposure period, 5 days/week (inte","page":36,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_009"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =1 | % | rat | inhalation | 60 weeks | NOAEL study | {"dose":"5% aqueous formaldehyde Batch: no data Purity: no data Vehicle: water Dose levels:","effect":"SCCS/1538/14 Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 38 Iversen, 1986: Application of 0.2 ml of 1 or 10% formaldehyde twice weekly for 60 weeks in hairless mice. Slight hyperplasia of the epidermis at 10%, no visible alterations of skin in the 1% group (= NOAEL) 4.1.7.3.3 Inhalation route 1st study: Rusch et al., 1983 Guideline: no Species/strain: Rats (Fischer 344), Syrian golden hamsters, Rhesus monkeys (Cynomolgus) Group size: 20 males and 20 females per group (rats), 10 males and 10 females per group (hamsters), 6 males per group (monkeys) Test substance: 5% aqueous formaldehyde Batch: no data Purity: no data Vehicle: water Dose levels: 0, 0.2, 1, 3 ppm Route: Inhalation Exposure: 22 h/day, 7 days/week, 26 weeks Administration: Whole body inhalation (exposure c","page":38,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_013"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =1 | ppm | rat | inhalation | 13 weeks | irritation | {"dose":"At 10 ppm, focal squamous metaplasia, hyperplasia, and keratinisation were detected in the nasal respiratory epithelium of both sexes.","effect":"_____________________________________________________________________ 36 larynx. At 10 ppm, focal squamous metaplasia, hyperplasia, and keratinisation were detected in the nasal respiratory epithelium of both sexes. Conclusions: Inhalation of formaldehyde for 13 weeks led to minor systemic effects at 20 ppm only. The predominant effects consisted of local respiratory tract irritation in the nasal cavity at 10 ppm and larynx at 20 ppm consisting of hyperplasia and metaplasia associated with cell proliferation. NOAEL in this study: 1 ppm in both sexes. 3rd study: Wilmer et al., 1989 Guideline: no Species/strain: Rats (Wistar) Group size: 25 males per group Test substance: Formaldehyde gas was generated via thermal depolymerisation of paraformaldehyde (97-99%) Batch: no data Purity: 97-99% Vehicle: no Dose levels: 0, 1, 2 ppm (continuously), 0, 2, 4 ppm (intermittent) Route: Inhalation Exposure: 13 weeks, 8 h/day, 5 days/week (continuously), or 8 x 30 min with 30 min non-exposure after each exposure period, 5 days/week (inte","page":36,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_009"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =1 | % | rat | inhalation | 60 weeks | NOAEL study | {"dose":"5% aqueous formaldehyde Batch: no data Purity: no data Vehicle: water Dose levels:","effect":"SCCS/1538/14 Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 38 Iversen, 1986: Application of 0.2 ml of 1 or 10% formaldehyde twice weekly for 60 weeks in hairless mice. Slight hyperplasia of the epidermis at 10%, no visible alterations of skin in the 1% group (= NOAEL) 4.1.7.3.3 Inhalation route 1st study: Rusch et al., 1983 Guideline: no Species/strain: Rats (Fischer 344), Syrian golden hamsters, Rhesus monkeys (Cynomolgus) Group size: 20 males and 20 females per group (rats), 10 males and 10 females per group (hamsters), 6 males per group (monkeys) Test substance: 5% aqueous formaldehyde Batch: no data Purity: no data Vehicle: water Dose levels: 0, 0.2, 1, 3 ppm Route: Inhalation Exposure: 22 h/day, 7 days/week, 26 weeks Administration: Whole body inhalation (exposure c","page":38,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_013"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =2 | ppm | rat | inhalation | 1 day | NOAEL study | {"dose":"ed no alteration of the proliferation index at 0.7 and 2 ppm in any group.","effect":"ed no alteration of the proliferation index at 0.7 and 2 ppm in any group. Significant effects were reported at a dose level of ≥ 6 ppm and exposure periods ≥ 1 day. At 6 ppm, an anterior-posterior gradient was also measured using the parameter proliferation index. Conclusions: The repeated inhalation of formaldehyde concentrations of up to 15 ppm for 6 h/day up to 6 weeks induced lesions of the respiratory epithelium of the nasal cavity consisting of hyperplasia and metaplasia associated with cell proliferation. NOAEL in this study: 2 ppm. 2nd study: Woutersen et al., 1987 Guideline: OECD TG 413 Species/strain: Rats (Wistar) Group size: 10 males and 10 females per group Test substance: Formaldehyde gas was generated via thermal depolymerisation of paraformaldehyde 97-99% Batch: no data Purity: 97-99% Vehicle: no Dose levels: 0, 1, 10, 20 ppm Route: Inhalation Exposure: 13 weeks, 6 h/day, 5 days/week Administration: Whole body inhalation GLP: no Study period: 13 weeks (90 days) Results: No premature death in any group. Disc","page":35,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_008"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =2 | ppm | rat | inhalation | 1 day | NOAEL study | {"dose":"ed no alteration of the proliferation index at 0.7 and 2 ppm in any group.","effect":"ed no alteration of the proliferation index at 0.7 and 2 ppm in any group. Significant effects were reported at a dose level of ≥ 6 ppm and exposure periods ≥ 1 day. At 6 ppm, an anterior-posterior gradient was also measured using the parameter proliferation index. Conclusions: The repeated inhalation of formaldehyde concentrations of up to 15 ppm for 6 h/day up to 6 weeks induced lesions of the respiratory epithelium of the nasal cavity consisting of hyperplasia and metaplasia associated with cell proliferation. NOAEL in this study: 2 ppm. 2nd study: Woutersen et al., 1987 Guideline: OECD TG 413 Species/strain: Rats (Wistar) Group size: 10 males and 10 females per group Test substance: Formaldehyde gas was generated via thermal depolymerisation of paraformaldehyde 97-99% Batch: no data Purity: 97-99% Vehicle: no Dose levels: 0, 1, 10, 20 ppm Route: Inhalation Exposure: 13 weeks, 6 h/day, 5 days/week Administration: Whole body inhalation GLP: no Study period: 13 weeks (90 days) Results: No premature death in any group. Disc","page":35,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_008"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =2 | ppm | rat | inhalation | 1 day | NOAEL study | {"dose":"ed no alteration of the proliferation index at 0.7 and 2 ppm in any group.","effect":"ed no alteration of the proliferation index at 0.7 and 2 ppm in any group. Significant effects were reported at a dose level of ≥ 6 ppm and exposure periods ≥ 1 day. At 6 ppm, an anterior-posterior gradient was also measured using the parameter proliferation index. Conclusions: The repeated inhalation of formaldehyde concentrations of up to 15 ppm for 6 h/day up to 6 weeks induced lesions of the respiratory epithelium of the nasal cavity consisting of hyperplasia and metaplasia associated with cell proliferation. NOAEL in this study: 2 ppm. 2nd study: Woutersen et al., 1987 Guideline: OECD TG 413 Species/strain: Rats (Wistar) Group size: 10 males and 10 females per group Test substance: Formaldehyde gas was generated via thermal depolymerisation of paraformaldehyde 97-99% Batch: no data Purity: 97-99% Vehicle: no Dose levels: 0, 1, 10, 20 ppm Route: Inhalation Exposure: 13 weeks, 6 h/day, 5 days/week Administration: Whole body inhalation GLP: no Study period: 13 weeks (90 days) Results: No premature death in any group. Disc","page":35,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_008"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =2 | ppm | rat | inhalation | 1 day | NOAEL study | {"dose":"ed no alteration of the proliferation index at 0.7 and 2 ppm in any group.","effect":"ed no alteration of the proliferation index at 0.7 and 2 ppm in any group. Significant effects were reported at a dose level of ≥ 6 ppm and exposure periods ≥ 1 day. At 6 ppm, an anterior-posterior gradient was also measured using the parameter proliferation index. Conclusions: The repeated inhalation of formaldehyde concentrations of up to 15 ppm for 6 h/day up to 6 weeks induced lesions of the respiratory epithelium of the nasal cavity consisting of hyperplasia and metaplasia associated with cell proliferation. NOAEL in this study: 2 ppm. 2nd study: Woutersen et al., 1987 Guideline: OECD TG 413 Species/strain: Rats (Wistar) Group size: 10 males and 10 females per group Test substance: Formaldehyde gas was generated via thermal depolymerisation of paraformaldehyde 97-99% Batch: no data Purity: 97-99% Vehicle: no Dose levels: 0, 1, 10, 20 ppm Route: Inhalation Exposure: 13 weeks, 6 h/day, 5 days/week Administration: Whole body inhalation GLP: no Study period: 13 weeks (90 days) Results: No premature death in any group. Disc","page":35,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_008"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =4 | ppm | mouse | oral | Chronic | carcinogenicity | {"dose":"Dose- dependent gradient of epithelial effects: nasal cavity (affected at 10 ppm), larynx/trachea (affected at 20 ppm), and bronchi (affected at 40 ppm).","effect":"the nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, and lung. Dose- dependent gradient of epithelial effects: nasal cavity (affected at 10 ppm), larynx/trachea (affected at 20 ppm), and bronchi (affected at 40 ppm). At 10 ppm squamous metaplasia was restricted to the anterior nasal cavity. Conclusions: Repeated inhalation of 40 ppm formaldehyde led to premature death in mice. At 10 ppm squamous metaplasia was found in the anterior part of the nasal cavity (both sexes). Severity and posterior extension increased dose-dependently. NOAEL in this study: 4 ppm. 4.1.7.3 Chronic (> 12 months) toxicity 4.1.7.3.1 Oral route The potential of formaldehyde to induce systemic effects including carcinogenicity in experimental animals was addressed in several long-term studies using the oral route. However, these studies were conducted in the 1980s and none of them is in full compliance to current standard requirements on such studies. Summary (taken from Schulte et al., 2006): In the studies of Til et al. (1989) and Tobe et al. (1989), no treatment-r","page":37,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_011"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =4 | ppm | mouse | oral | Chronic | carcinogenicity | {"dose":"Dose- dependent gradient of epithelial effects: nasal cavity (affected at 10 ppm), larynx/trachea (affected at 20 ppm), and bronchi (affected at 40 ppm).","effect":"the nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, and lung. Dose- dependent gradient of epithelial effects: nasal cavity (affected at 10 ppm), larynx/trachea (affected at 20 ppm), and bronchi (affected at 40 ppm). At 10 ppm squamous metaplasia was restricted to the anterior nasal cavity. Conclusions: Repeated inhalation of 40 ppm formaldehyde led to premature death in mice. At 10 ppm squamous metaplasia was found in the anterior part of the nasal cavity (both sexes). Severity and posterior extension increased dose-dependently. NOAEL in this study: 4 ppm. 4.1.7.3 Chronic (> 12 months) toxicity 4.1.7.3.1 Oral route The potential of formaldehyde to induce systemic effects including carcinogenicity in experimental animals was addressed in several long-term studies using the oral route. However, these studies were conducted in the 1980s and none of them is in full compliance to current standard requirements on such studies. Summary (taken from Schulte et al., 2006): In the studies of Til et al. (1989) and Tobe et al. (1989), no treatment-r","page":37,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_011"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =4 | ppm | mouse | oral | Chronic | carcinogenicity | {"dose":"Dose- dependent gradient of epithelial effects: nasal cavity (affected at 10 ppm), larynx/trachea (affected at 20 ppm), and bronchi (affected at 40 ppm).","effect":"the nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, and lung. Dose- dependent gradient of epithelial effects: nasal cavity (affected at 10 ppm), larynx/trachea (affected at 20 ppm), and bronchi (affected at 40 ppm). At 10 ppm squamous metaplasia was restricted to the anterior nasal cavity. Conclusions: Repeated inhalation of 40 ppm formaldehyde led to premature death in mice. At 10 ppm squamous metaplasia was found in the anterior part of the nasal cavity (both sexes). Severity and posterior extension increased dose-dependently. NOAEL in this study: 4 ppm. 4.1.7.3 Chronic (> 12 months) toxicity 4.1.7.3.1 Oral route The potential of formaldehyde to induce systemic effects including carcinogenicity in experimental animals was addressed in several long-term studies using the oral route. However, these studies were conducted in the 1980s and none of them is in full compliance to current standard requirements on such studies. Summary (taken from Schulte et al., 2006): In the studies of Til et al. (1989) and Tobe et al. (1989), no treatment-r","page":37,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_011"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =4 | ppm | mouse | oral | Chronic | carcinogenicity | {"dose":"Dose- dependent gradient of epithelial effects: nasal cavity (affected at 10 ppm), larynx/trachea (affected at 20 ppm), and bronchi (affected at 40 ppm).","effect":"the nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, and lung. Dose- dependent gradient of epithelial effects: nasal cavity (affected at 10 ppm), larynx/trachea (affected at 20 ppm), and bronchi (affected at 40 ppm). At 10 ppm squamous metaplasia was restricted to the anterior nasal cavity. Conclusions: Repeated inhalation of 40 ppm formaldehyde led to premature death in mice. At 10 ppm squamous metaplasia was found in the anterior part of the nasal cavity (both sexes). Severity and posterior extension increased dose-dependently. NOAEL in this study: 4 ppm. 4.1.7.3 Chronic (> 12 months) toxicity 4.1.7.3.1 Oral route The potential of formaldehyde to induce systemic effects including carcinogenicity in experimental animals was addressed in several long-term studies using the oral route. However, these studies were conducted in the 1980s and none of them is in full compliance to current standard requirements on such studies. Summary (taken from Schulte et al., 2006): In the studies of Til et al. (1989) and Tobe et al. (1989), no treatment-r","page":37,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_011"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =5 | ppm | rat | inhalation | - | developmental toxicity | {"dose":"SCCS/1538/14 Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 61 ppm formaldehyde for 6 h/day from gestational day 6 to 15) showed a NOAEL for maternal toxicity (reduced food consumption) at 5 ppm but no teratogenic effect at 10 ppm (Mar...","effect":"SCCS/1538/14 Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 61 ppm formaldehyde for 6 h/day from gestational day 6 to 15) showed a NOAEL for maternal toxicity (reduced food consumption) at 5 ppm but no teratogenic effect at 10 ppm (Martin, 1990). In a more recent study (Carmines & Rajendran, 2008) pregnant rats exposed to the mixture of 1 mg/m3 formaldehyde (0.8 ppm), 41 mg/m3 acetaldehyde (23 ppm) and 4 mg/m3 acrolein (1.7 ppm) by inhalation revealed without any adverse effect on the dams or its offspring. Although embryo culture studies clearly demonstrated the ex vivo embryotoxicity of formaldehyde (Hansen et al., 2005), such effects have never","page":61,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_022"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =5 | ppm | rat | inhalation | - | developmental toxicity | {"dose":"SCCS/1538/14 Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 61 ppm formaldehyde for 6 h/day from gestational day 6 to 15) showed a NOAEL for maternal toxicity (reduced food consumption) at 5 ppm but no teratogenic effect at 10 ppm (Mar...","effect":"SCCS/1538/14 Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 61 ppm formaldehyde for 6 h/day from gestational day 6 to 15) showed a NOAEL for maternal toxicity (reduced food consumption) at 5 ppm but no teratogenic effect at 10 ppm (Martin, 1990). In a more recent study (Carmines & Rajendran, 2008) pregnant rats exposed to the mixture of 1 mg/m3 formaldehyde (0.8 ppm), 41 mg/m3 acetaldehyde (23 ppm) and 4 mg/m3 acrolein (1.7 ppm) by inhalation revealed without any adverse effect on the dams or its offspring. Although embryo culture studies clearly demonstrated the ex vivo embryotoxicity of formaldehyde (Hansen et al., 2005), such effects have never","page":61,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_022"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =5 | ppm | rat | inhalation | - | developmental toxicity | {"dose":"SCCS/1538/14 Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 61 ppm formaldehyde for 6 h/day from gestational day 6 to 15) showed a NOAEL for maternal toxicity (reduced food consumption) at 5 ppm but no teratogenic effect at 10 ppm (Mar...","effect":"SCCS/1538/14 Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 61 ppm formaldehyde for 6 h/day from gestational day 6 to 15) showed a NOAEL for maternal toxicity (reduced food consumption) at 5 ppm but no teratogenic effect at 10 ppm (Martin, 1990). In a more recent study (Carmines & Rajendran, 2008) pregnant rats exposed to the mixture of 1 mg/m3 formaldehyde (0.8 ppm), 41 mg/m3 acetaldehyde (23 ppm) and 4 mg/m3 acrolein (1.7 ppm) by inhalation revealed without any adverse effect on the dams or its offspring. Although embryo culture studies clearly demonstrated the ex vivo embryotoxicity of formaldehyde (Hansen et al., 2005), such effects have never","page":61,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_022"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =5 | ppm | rat | inhalation | - | developmental toxicity | {"dose":"SCCS/1538/14 Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 61 ppm formaldehyde for 6 h/day from gestational day 6 to 15) showed a NOAEL for maternal toxicity (reduced food consumption) at 5 ppm but no teratogenic effect at 10 ppm (Mar...","effect":"SCCS/1538/14 Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 61 ppm formaldehyde for 6 h/day from gestational day 6 to 15) showed a NOAEL for maternal toxicity (reduced food consumption) at 5 ppm but no teratogenic effect at 10 ppm (Martin, 1990). In a more recent study (Carmines & Rajendran, 2008) pregnant rats exposed to the mixture of 1 mg/m3 formaldehyde (0.8 ppm), 41 mg/m3 acetaldehyde (23 ppm) and 4 mg/m3 acrolein (1.7 ppm) by inhalation revealed without any adverse effect on the dams or its offspring. Although embryo culture studies clearly demonstrated the ex vivo embryotoxicity of formaldehyde (Hansen et al., 2005), such effects have never","page":61,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_022"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =10 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | - | repeated dose toxicity | {"dose":"e irritation were not observed below 1 ppm.","effect":"e irritation were not observed below 1 ppm. No subjective symptoms were noted at 0.15 ppm. By contrast, nose and throat irritations occur at dose levels of ≥2 ppm. Objective ratings for eye irritation (conjunctival redness and eye blinking frequency) have been investigated in healthy volunteers and a NOAEL of 0.5 ppm (without exposure peaks) and 0.3 ppm (with exposure peaks of 0.6 ppm) was established. Repeated dose toxicity: In repeated oral dose toxicity studies, based on local lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day. In the skin, irritating effects were observed at ≥0.5% formaldehyde. Currently there is no evidence that systemic effects would occur after repeated dermal application of this compound. In rodents and monkeys the respiratory epithelium in the nasal cavity was shown to be the most sensitive site when formaldehyde is being administered via inhalation (induction of squamous metaplasia and hyperplasia). The lowest NOAEL observed in one of the published studies was 0.3 ppm in rats an","page":10,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_002"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =10 | ppm | rat | inhalation | - | carcinogenicity | {"dose":"A strong increase in tumor incidence in the nasal cavity (mainly squamous cell carcinoma) was noted at 10 and 15 ppm.","effect":"te, squamous metaplasia, hyperplasia in the anterior part of the nasal cavity as well as minimal carcinogenic response. A strong increase in tumor incidence in the nasal cavity (mainly squamous cell carcinoma) was noted at 10 and 15 ppm. Dose-dependent effects on cell proliferation were detected only at ≥10 ppm. Conclusions: Long-term inhalation against formaldehyde led to lesions in the nasal cavity including tumor formation at 6 ppm. Steep increases in cell proliferation and tumor incidence occurred at ≥10 ppm. NOAEL in this study: 2 ppm. Another study in rats (Kamata et al., 1997) delivered some additional evidence that the NOAEL for the inhalation route may well below 1 ppm. The summary of this study is given in the table below (taken from Schulte et al., 2006): At dose levels above 1 ppm the severity of lesions in the respiratory epithelium were dose- dependent. Not only the anterior part of the nasal cavity but also more proximal parts of the upper respiratory tract were affected with increasing formaldehyde concentrati","page":39,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_015"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =10 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | - | repeated dose toxicity | {"dose":"e irritation were not observed below 1 ppm.","effect":"e irritation were not observed below 1 ppm. No subjective symptoms were noted at 0.15 ppm. By contrast, nose and throat irritations occur at dose levels of ≥2 ppm. Objective ratings for eye irritation (conjunctival redness and eye blinking frequency) have been investigated in healthy volunteers and a NOAEL of 0.5 ppm (without exposure peaks) and 0.3 ppm (with exposure peaks of 0.6 ppm) was established. Repeated dose toxicity: In repeated oral dose toxicity studies, based on local lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day. In the skin, irritating effects were observed at ≥0.5% formaldehyde. Currently there is no evidence that systemic effects would occur after repeated dermal application of this compound. In rodents and monkeys the respiratory epithelium in the nasal cavity was shown to be the most sensitive site when formaldehyde is being administered via inhalation (induction of squamous metaplasia and hyperplasia). The lowest NOAEL observed in one of the published studies was 0.3 ppm in rats an","page":10,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_002"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =10 | ppm | rat | inhalation | - | carcinogenicity | {"dose":"A strong increase in tumor incidence in the nasal cavity (mainly squamous cell carcinoma) was noted at 10 and 15 ppm.","effect":"te, squamous metaplasia, hyperplasia in the anterior part of the nasal cavity as well as minimal carcinogenic response. A strong increase in tumor incidence in the nasal cavity (mainly squamous cell carcinoma) was noted at 10 and 15 ppm. Dose-dependent effects on cell proliferation were detected only at ≥10 ppm. Conclusions: Long-term inhalation against formaldehyde led to lesions in the nasal cavity including tumor formation at 6 ppm. Steep increases in cell proliferation and tumor incidence occurred at ≥10 ppm. NOAEL in this study: 2 ppm. Another study in rats (Kamata et al., 1997) delivered some additional evidence that the NOAEL for the inhalation route may well below 1 ppm. The summary of this study is given in the table below (taken from Schulte et al., 2006): At dose levels above 1 ppm the severity of lesions in the respiratory epithelium were dose- dependent. Not only the anterior part of the nasal cavity but also more proximal parts of the upper respiratory tract were affected with increasing formaldehyde concentrati","page":39,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_015"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =10 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | - | repeated dose toxicity | {"dose":"e irritation were not observed below 1 ppm.","effect":"e irritation were not observed below 1 ppm. No subjective symptoms were noted at 0.15 ppm. By contrast, nose and throat irritations occur at dose levels of ≥2 ppm. Objective ratings for eye irritation (conjunctival redness and eye blinking frequency) have been investigated in healthy volunteers and a NOAEL of 0.5 ppm (without exposure peaks) and 0.3 ppm (with exposure peaks of 0.6 ppm) was established. Repeated dose toxicity: In repeated oral dose toxicity studies, based on local lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day. In the skin, irritating effects were observed at ≥0.5% formaldehyde. Currently there is no evidence that systemic effects would occur after repeated dermal application of this compound. In rodents and monkeys the respiratory epithelium in the nasal cavity was shown to be the most sensitive site when formaldehyde is being administered via inhalation (induction of squamous metaplasia and hyperplasia). The lowest NOAEL observed in one of the published studies was 0.3 ppm in rats an","page":10,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_002"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =10 | ppm | rat | inhalation | - | carcinogenicity | {"dose":"A strong increase in tumor incidence in the nasal cavity (mainly squamous cell carcinoma) was noted at 10 and 15 ppm.","effect":"te, squamous metaplasia, hyperplasia in the anterior part of the nasal cavity as well as minimal carcinogenic response. A strong increase in tumor incidence in the nasal cavity (mainly squamous cell carcinoma) was noted at 10 and 15 ppm. Dose-dependent effects on cell proliferation were detected only at ≥10 ppm. Conclusions: Long-term inhalation against formaldehyde led to lesions in the nasal cavity including tumor formation at 6 ppm. Steep increases in cell proliferation and tumor incidence occurred at ≥10 ppm. NOAEL in this study: 2 ppm. Another study in rats (Kamata et al., 1997) delivered some additional evidence that the NOAEL for the inhalation route may well below 1 ppm. The summary of this study is given in the table below (taken from Schulte et al., 2006): At dose levels above 1 ppm the severity of lesions in the respiratory epithelium were dose- dependent. Not only the anterior part of the nasal cavity but also more proximal parts of the upper respiratory tract were affected with increasing formaldehyde concentrati","page":39,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_015"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =10 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | - | repeated dose toxicity | {"dose":"e irritation were not observed below 1 ppm.","effect":"e irritation were not observed below 1 ppm. No subjective symptoms were noted at 0.15 ppm. By contrast, nose and throat irritations occur at dose levels of ≥2 ppm. Objective ratings for eye irritation (conjunctival redness and eye blinking frequency) have been investigated in healthy volunteers and a NOAEL of 0.5 ppm (without exposure peaks) and 0.3 ppm (with exposure peaks of 0.6 ppm) was established. Repeated dose toxicity: In repeated oral dose toxicity studies, based on local lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day. In the skin, irritating effects were observed at ≥0.5% formaldehyde. Currently there is no evidence that systemic effects would occur after repeated dermal application of this compound. In rodents and monkeys the respiratory epithelium in the nasal cavity was shown to be the most sensitive site when formaldehyde is being administered via inhalation (induction of squamous metaplasia and hyperplasia). The lowest NOAEL observed in one of the published studies was 0.3 ppm in rats an","page":10,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_002"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =10 | ppm | rat | inhalation | - | carcinogenicity | {"dose":"A strong increase in tumor incidence in the nasal cavity (mainly squamous cell carcinoma) was noted at 10 and 15 ppm.","effect":"te, squamous metaplasia, hyperplasia in the anterior part of the nasal cavity as well as minimal carcinogenic response. A strong increase in tumor incidence in the nasal cavity (mainly squamous cell carcinoma) was noted at 10 and 15 ppm. Dose-dependent effects on cell proliferation were detected only at ≥10 ppm. Conclusions: Long-term inhalation against formaldehyde led to lesions in the nasal cavity including tumor formation at 6 ppm. Steep increases in cell proliferation and tumor incidence occurred at ≥10 ppm. NOAEL in this study: 2 ppm. Another study in rats (Kamata et al., 1997) delivered some additional evidence that the NOAEL for the inhalation route may well below 1 ppm. The summary of this study is given in the table below (taken from Schulte et al., 2006): At dose levels above 1 ppm the severity of lesions in the respiratory epithelium were dose- dependent. Not only the anterior part of the nasal cavity but also more proximal parts of the upper respiratory tract were affected with increasing formaldehyde concentrati","page":39,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_015"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =15 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | - | carcinogenicity | {"dose":"Based on the observed non-neoplastic lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL of 15 mg/kg bw/day in males and 21 mg/kg bw/day in females has been derived.","effect":"SCCS/1538/14 Revision of the Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 11 can express its genotoxicity systemically in mice under certain circumstances. Carcinogenicity: Based on the observed non-neoplastic lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL of 15 mg/kg bw/day in males and 21 mg/kg bw/day in females has been derived. The overall conclusion from animal studies point to a low potential for toxicity and to insufficient evidence for local and systemic carcinogenicity of formaldehyde exerted via long-term oral exposure. In terms of dermal exposure, some specialised animal studies demonstrate local irritation, but no tumourigenicity in skin. Although formaldehyde has significantly reduced the latency time until the onset of tumours in an initiation/promotio","page":11,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_004"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =15 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | - | carcinogenicity | {"dose":"Based on the observed non-neoplastic lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL of 15 mg/kg bw/day in males and 21 mg/kg bw/day in females has been derived.","effect":"SCCS/1538/14 Revision of the Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 11 can express its genotoxicity systemically in mice under certain circumstances. Carcinogenicity: Based on the observed non-neoplastic lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL of 15 mg/kg bw/day in males and 21 mg/kg bw/day in females has been derived. The overall conclusion from animal studies point to a low potential for toxicity and to insufficient evidence for local and systemic carcinogenicity of formaldehyde exerted via long-term oral exposure. In terms of dermal exposure, some specialised animal studies demonstrate local irritation, but no tumourigenicity in skin. Although formaldehyde has significantly reduced the latency time until the onset of tumours in an initiation/promotio","page":11,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_004"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =15 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | - | carcinogenicity | {"dose":"Based on the observed non-neoplastic lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL of 15 mg/kg bw/day in males and 21 mg/kg bw/day in females has been derived.","effect":"SCCS/1538/14 Revision of the Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 11 can express its genotoxicity systemically in mice under certain circumstances. Carcinogenicity: Based on the observed non-neoplastic lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL of 15 mg/kg bw/day in males and 21 mg/kg bw/day in females has been derived. The overall conclusion from animal studies point to a low potential for toxicity and to insufficient evidence for local and systemic carcinogenicity of formaldehyde exerted via long-term oral exposure. In terms of dermal exposure, some specialised animal studies demonstrate local irritation, but no tumourigenicity in skin. Although formaldehyde has significantly reduced the latency time until the onset of tumours in an initiation/promotio","page":11,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_004"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =15 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | - | carcinogenicity | {"dose":"Based on the observed non-neoplastic lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL of 15 mg/kg bw/day in males and 21 mg/kg bw/day in females has been derived.","effect":"SCCS/1538/14 Revision of the Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 11 can express its genotoxicity systemically in mice under certain circumstances. Carcinogenicity: Based on the observed non-neoplastic lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL of 15 mg/kg bw/day in males and 21 mg/kg bw/day in females has been derived. The overall conclusion from animal studies point to a low potential for toxicity and to insufficient evidence for local and systemic carcinogenicity of formaldehyde exerted via long-term oral exposure. In terms of dermal exposure, some specialised animal studies demonstrate local irritation, but no tumourigenicity in skin. Although formaldehyde has significantly reduced the latency time until the onset of tumours in an initiation/promotio","page":11,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_004"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =21 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | chronic | carcinogenicity | {"dose":"h (chronic atrophic gastritis, ulceration and hyperplasia) of males and females in the high dose group.","effect":"h (chronic atrophic gastritis, ulceration and hyperplasia) of males and females in the high dose group. No gastric tumors were induced. This study did not provide any evidence of carcinogenicity in rats after long-term oral administration of formaldehyde. Conclusions: Formaldehyde administration via drinking water to male and female rats for up to two years was without mortality and carcinogenicity. The long-term exposure induced local effects in the stomach likely due to the irritative potential of formaldehyde. NOAEL in this study: 15 and 21 mg/kg bw/day (mean doses) in males and females, respectively.","page":46,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_020"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =21 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | chronic | carcinogenicity | {"dose":"h (chronic atrophic gastritis, ulceration and hyperplasia) of males and females in the high dose group.","effect":"h (chronic atrophic gastritis, ulceration and hyperplasia) of males and females in the high dose group. No gastric tumors were induced. This study did not provide any evidence of carcinogenicity in rats after long-term oral administration of formaldehyde. Conclusions: Formaldehyde administration via drinking water to male and female rats for up to two years was without mortality and carcinogenicity. The long-term exposure induced local effects in the stomach likely due to the irritative potential of formaldehyde. NOAEL in this study: 15 and 21 mg/kg bw/day (mean doses) in males and females, respectively.","page":46,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_020"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =21 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | chronic | carcinogenicity | {"dose":"h (chronic atrophic gastritis, ulceration and hyperplasia) of males and females in the high dose group.","effect":"h (chronic atrophic gastritis, ulceration and hyperplasia) of males and females in the high dose group. No gastric tumors were induced. This study did not provide any evidence of carcinogenicity in rats after long-term oral administration of formaldehyde. Conclusions: Formaldehyde administration via drinking water to male and female rats for up to two years was without mortality and carcinogenicity. The long-term exposure induced local effects in the stomach likely due to the irritative potential of formaldehyde. NOAEL in this study: 15 and 21 mg/kg bw/day (mean doses) in males and females, respectively.","page":46,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_020"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =21 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | chronic | carcinogenicity | {"dose":"h (chronic atrophic gastritis, ulceration and hyperplasia) of males and females in the high dose group.","effect":"h (chronic atrophic gastritis, ulceration and hyperplasia) of males and females in the high dose group. No gastric tumors were induced. This study did not provide any evidence of carcinogenicity in rats after long-term oral administration of formaldehyde. Conclusions: Formaldehyde administration via drinking water to male and female rats for up to two years was without mortality and carcinogenicity. The long-term exposure induced local effects in the stomach likely due to the irritative potential of formaldehyde. NOAEL in this study: 15 and 21 mg/kg bw/day (mean doses) in males and females, respectively.","page":46,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_020"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =25 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | 28 days | irritation | {"dose":"At 125 mg/kg bw, the thickening of the limiting ridge and hyperkeratosis of the forestomach as well as gastritis of the glandular stomach were related to treatment.","effect":"of this group. Histopathology showed no findings except lesions of the fore- and glandular stomach consisting of focal hyperkeratosis, focal gastritis and mononuclear cell infiltrates. Conclusions: Formaldehyde administration via the drinking water to male and female rats for 28 days was tolerated without mortality. At 125 mg/kg bw, the thickening of the limiting ridge and hyperkeratosis of the forestomach as well as gastritis of the glandular stomach were related to treatment. Based on this observation, an oral NOAEL can be established at 25 mg/kg bw/day in male and female rats. 4.1.7.1.2 Dermal route (no guideline conform study available) OECD, 2002: Dose finding study in mice. Dermal application of 0.1 ml of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, and 10% formaldehyde solutions (= 0.1 – 10 mg/animal = 3 – 300 mg/kg bw) for 2 – 3 weeks. No systemic effects. Lowest doses with local effects: 0.5% (light irritation, reversible), 1% (mild irritation, starting at week 2). 4.1.7.1.3 Inhalation route (no guideline conform study available) Studies","page":33,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_007"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =25 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | 28 days | irritation | {"dose":"At 125 mg/kg bw, the thickening of the limiting ridge and hyperkeratosis of the forestomach as well as gastritis of the glandular stomach were related to treatment.","effect":"of this group. Histopathology showed no findings except lesions of the fore- and glandular stomach consisting of focal hyperkeratosis, focal gastritis and mononuclear cell infiltrates. Conclusions: Formaldehyde administration via the drinking water to male and female rats for 28 days was tolerated without mortality. At 125 mg/kg bw, the thickening of the limiting ridge and hyperkeratosis of the forestomach as well as gastritis of the glandular stomach were related to treatment. Based on this observation, an oral NOAEL can be established at 25 mg/kg bw/day in male and female rats. 4.1.7.1.2 Dermal route (no guideline conform study available) OECD, 2002: Dose finding study in mice. Dermal application of 0.1 ml of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, and 10% formaldehyde solutions (= 0.1 – 10 mg/animal = 3 – 300 mg/kg bw) for 2 – 3 weeks. No systemic effects. Lowest doses with local effects: 0.5% (light irritation, reversible), 1% (mild irritation, starting at week 2). 4.1.7.1.3 Inhalation route (no guideline conform study available) Studies","page":33,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_007"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =25 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | 28 days | irritation | {"dose":"At 125 mg/kg bw, the thickening of the limiting ridge and hyperkeratosis of the forestomach as well as gastritis of the glandular stomach were related to treatment.","effect":"of this group. Histopathology showed no findings except lesions of the fore- and glandular stomach consisting of focal hyperkeratosis, focal gastritis and mononuclear cell infiltrates. Conclusions: Formaldehyde administration via the drinking water to male and female rats for 28 days was tolerated without mortality. At 125 mg/kg bw, the thickening of the limiting ridge and hyperkeratosis of the forestomach as well as gastritis of the glandular stomach were related to treatment. Based on this observation, an oral NOAEL can be established at 25 mg/kg bw/day in male and female rats. 4.1.7.1.2 Dermal route (no guideline conform study available) OECD, 2002: Dose finding study in mice. Dermal application of 0.1 ml of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, and 10% formaldehyde solutions (= 0.1 – 10 mg/animal = 3 – 300 mg/kg bw) for 2 – 3 weeks. No systemic effects. Lowest doses with local effects: 0.5% (light irritation, reversible), 1% (mild irritation, starting at week 2). 4.1.7.1.3 Inhalation route (no guideline conform study available) Studies","page":33,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_007"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =25 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | 28 days | irritation | {"dose":"At 125 mg/kg bw, the thickening of the limiting ridge and hyperkeratosis of the forestomach as well as gastritis of the glandular stomach were related to treatment.","effect":"of this group. Histopathology showed no findings except lesions of the fore- and glandular stomach consisting of focal hyperkeratosis, focal gastritis and mononuclear cell infiltrates. Conclusions: Formaldehyde administration via the drinking water to male and female rats for 28 days was tolerated without mortality. At 125 mg/kg bw, the thickening of the limiting ridge and hyperkeratosis of the forestomach as well as gastritis of the glandular stomach were related to treatment. Based on this observation, an oral NOAEL can be established at 25 mg/kg bw/day in male and female rats. 4.1.7.1.2 Dermal route (no guideline conform study available) OECD, 2002: Dose finding study in mice. Dermal application of 0.1 ml of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, and 10% formaldehyde solutions (= 0.1 – 10 mg/animal = 3 – 300 mg/kg bw) for 2 – 3 weeks. No systemic effects. Lowest doses with local effects: 0.5% (light irritation, reversible), 1% (mild irritation, starting at week 2). 4.1.7.1.3 Inhalation route (no guideline conform study available) Studies","page":33,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_007"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =50 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | - | repeated dose toxicity | {"dose":"One study in rats revealed that the concentration rather than the “total dose” might responsible for the effects observed at LOAEL levels (Wilmer et al., 1989).","effect":"de concentrations, e.g., olfactory epithelium, larynx, trachea, and bronchus. One study in rats revealed that the concentration rather than the “total dose” might responsible for the effects observed at LOAEL levels (Wilmer et al., 1989). At high doses (≥10 ppm) lesions in the nasal cavity of rats did not reverse anymore (Feron et al., 1988). Summary on repeated dose toxicity: Oral route: The main effects on rats are local lesions of the forestomach and the glandular stomach starting at about 50 mg/kg bw/day. A NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day in the most sensitive study (Tobe et al., 1989). Dermal route: There are no reliable studies available on repeated dose toxicity in skin. In mice only local","page":39,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_017"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =50 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | - | repeated dose toxicity | {"dose":"One study in rats revealed that the concentration rather than the “total dose” might responsible for the effects observed at LOAEL levels (Wilmer et al., 1989).","effect":"de concentrations, e.g., olfactory epithelium, larynx, trachea, and bronchus. One study in rats revealed that the concentration rather than the “total dose” might responsible for the effects observed at LOAEL levels (Wilmer et al., 1989). At high doses (≥10 ppm) lesions in the nasal cavity of rats did not reverse anymore (Feron et al., 1988). Summary on repeated dose toxicity: Oral route: The main effects on rats are local lesions of the forestomach and the glandular stomach starting at about 50 mg/kg bw/day. A NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day in the most sensitive study (Tobe et al., 1989). Dermal route: There are no reliable studies available on repeated dose toxicity in skin. In mice only local","page":39,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_017"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =50 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | - | repeated dose toxicity | {"dose":"One study in rats revealed that the concentration rather than the “total dose” might responsible for the effects observed at LOAEL levels (Wilmer et al., 1989).","effect":"de concentrations, e.g., olfactory epithelium, larynx, trachea, and bronchus. One study in rats revealed that the concentration rather than the “total dose” might responsible for the effects observed at LOAEL levels (Wilmer et al., 1989). At high doses (≥10 ppm) lesions in the nasal cavity of rats did not reverse anymore (Feron et al., 1988). Summary on repeated dose toxicity: Oral route: The main effects on rats are local lesions of the forestomach and the glandular stomach starting at about 50 mg/kg bw/day. A NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day in the most sensitive study (Tobe et al., 1989). Dermal route: There are no reliable studies available on repeated dose toxicity in skin. In mice only local","page":39,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_017"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =50 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | - | repeated dose toxicity | {"dose":"One study in rats revealed that the concentration rather than the “total dose” might responsible for the effects observed at LOAEL levels (Wilmer et al., 1989).","effect":"de concentrations, e.g., olfactory epithelium, larynx, trachea, and bronchus. One study in rats revealed that the concentration rather than the “total dose” might responsible for the effects observed at LOAEL levels (Wilmer et al., 1989). At high doses (≥10 ppm) lesions in the nasal cavity of rats did not reverse anymore (Feron et al., 1988). Summary on repeated dose toxicity: Oral route: The main effects on rats are local lesions of the forestomach and the glandular stomach starting at about 50 mg/kg bw/day. A NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day in the most sensitive study (Tobe et al., 1989). Dermal route: There are no reliable studies available on repeated dose toxicity in skin. In mice only local","page":39,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_017"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =2012 | - | - | - | - | irritation | {"effect":"ition, ECHA’s Committee for Risk Assessment concluded in 2012 that a harmonised classification as Carc Cat 1B H350 (“may cause cancer”) is appropriate (RAC, 2012). Besides skin, formaldehyde is also an irritant of the eyes and of the respiratory tract. In 2010, a WHO working group reassessed and confirmed an earlier derived Indoor Air Guideline Level based on the following observation: “Increases in eye blink frequency and conjunctival redness appear at a concentration of 600 μg/m3\", which was then considered the NOAEL. There is no indication of accumulation of effects over time with prolonged exposure. The perception of odour may result in some individuals reporting subjective sensory irritation, and individuals may perceive formaldehyde at concentrations below 100 μg/m3. However, this is not considered to be an adverse health effect. The NOAEL of 600 μg/m3 for the eye blink response is adjusted using an assessment factor of 5, derived from the standard deviation of nasal pungency (sensory irritation) thresholds, leading to a v","page":12,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_005"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =2012 | - | - | - | - | irritation | {"effect":"ition, ECHA’s Committee for Risk Assessment concluded in 2012 that a harmonised classification as Carc Cat 1B H350 (“may cause cancer”) is appropriate (RAC, 2012). Besides skin, formaldehyde is also an irritant of the eyes and of the respiratory tract. In 2010, a WHO working group reassessed and confirmed an earlier derived Indoor Air Guideline Level based on the following observation: “Increases in eye blink frequency and conjunctival redness appear at a concentration of 600 μg/m3\", which was then considered the NOAEL. There is no indication of accumulation of effects over time with prolonged exposure. The perception of odour may result in some individuals reporting subjective sensory irritation, and individuals may perceive formaldehyde at concentrations below 100 μg/m3. However, this is not considered to be an adverse health effect. The NOAEL of 600 μg/m3 for the eye blink response is adjusted using an assessment factor of 5, derived from the standard deviation of nasal pungency (sensory irritation) thresholds, leading to a v","page":12,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_005"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =2012 | - | - | - | - | irritation | {"effect":"ition, ECHA’s Committee for Risk Assessment concluded in 2012 that a harmonised classification as Carc Cat 1B H350 (“may cause cancer”) is appropriate (RAC, 2012). Besides skin, formaldehyde is also an irritant of the eyes and of the respiratory tract. In 2010, a WHO working group reassessed and confirmed an earlier derived Indoor Air Guideline Level based on the following observation: “Increases in eye blink frequency and conjunctival redness appear at a concentration of 600 μg/m3\", which was then considered the NOAEL. There is no indication of accumulation of effects over time with prolonged exposure. The perception of odour may result in some individuals reporting subjective sensory irritation, and individuals may perceive formaldehyde at concentrations below 100 μg/m3. However, this is not considered to be an adverse health effect. The NOAEL of 600 μg/m3 for the eye blink response is adjusted using an assessment factor of 5, derived from the standard deviation of nasal pungency (sensory irritation) thresholds, leading to a v","page":12,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_005"} |
| SCCS_vision_codex | NOAEL | =2012 | - | - | - | - | irritation | {"effect":"ition, ECHA’s Committee for Risk Assessment concluded in 2012 that a harmonised classification as Carc Cat 1B H350 (“may cause cancer”) is appropriate (RAC, 2012). Besides skin, formaldehyde is also an irritant of the eyes and of the respiratory tract. In 2010, a WHO working group reassessed and confirmed an earlier derived Indoor Air Guideline Level based on the following observation: “Increases in eye blink frequency and conjunctival redness appear at a concentration of 600 μg/m3\", which was then considered the NOAEL. There is no indication of accumulation of effects over time with prolonged exposure. The perception of odour may result in some individuals reporting subjective sensory irritation, and individuals may perceive formaldehyde at concentrations below 100 μg/m3. However, this is not considered to be an adverse health effect. The NOAEL of 600 μg/m3 for the eye blink response is adjusted using an assessment factor of 5, derived from the standard deviation of nasal pungency (sensory irritation) thresholds, leading to a v","page":12,"pdf":"sccs_o_164.pdf","row_type":"noael_study","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_005"} |
ToxValDB_ATSDR_MRLs 10 endpoints
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ToxValDB_ATSDR_MRLs | LOAEL | =0.491225 | mg/m3 | Human | inhalation | acute; 2 hours | clinical | LONG_REF=Pazdrak, K, Gorski, P, Krakowiak, A and Urszula, R (1993). Changes in Nasal Lavage Fluid Due to Formaldehyde Inhalation. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 64: 515-519.; TITLE=Changes in Nasal Lavage Fluid Due to Formaldehyde Inhalation; AUTHOR=Pazdrak, K; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6568f4f3e4b063812d585770; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/ToxProfiles/tp111.pdf; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=respiratory; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=clinical signs; STUDY_GROUP=ATSDR MRLs:15447614:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Manually extracted from unstructured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was manually checked; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_cf1fbad1107b9e6129b2b99265cec7a0 |
| ToxValDB_ATSDR_MRLs | LOAEL | =0.294735 | mg/m3 | Human | inhalation | chronic; 1 years | occupational | LONG_REF=Holmstrom M, Wilhelmsson B, Hellquist H, et al. 1989c. Histological changes in the nasal mucosa in persons occupationally exposed to formaldehyde alone and in combination with wood dust. Acta Otolaryngol (Stockh) 107:120-129.; TITLE=Histological changes in the nasal mucosa in persons occupationally exposed to formaldehyde alone and in combination with wood dust; AUTHOR=Holmstrom M; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6568f4f3e4b063812d585770; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/ToxProfiles/tp111.pdf; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=respiratory; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=clinical signs; STUDY_GROUP=ATSDR MRLs:15447616:unknown:--; QC_CATEGORY=Manually extracted from unstructured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was manually checked; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_841fde9e4b22207961a471ca954b8195 |
| ToxValDB_ATSDR_MRLs | MRL | =0.0491225 | mg/m3 | Human | inhalation | - | Toxicity Value | STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/674e166be4b0a7c65d36ea5d; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/MRLS/mrlsListing.aspx; YEAR=1999; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1999; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=respiratory; STUDY_GROUP=ATSDR MRLs_dup_-_15447082_15447083_15447084:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_89141b522e30730324a216f42e22f17f |
| ToxValDB_ATSDR_MRLs | MRL | =0.0368419 | mg/m3 | Human | inhalation | - | Toxicity Value | STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/674e166be4b0a7c65d36ea5d; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/MRLS/mrlsListing.aspx; YEAR=1999; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1999; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=respiratory in male monkeys; STUDY_GROUP=ATSDR MRLs_dup_-_15447082_15447083_15447084:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_26f94965b523a5a12e389150600eb9cc |
| ToxValDB_ATSDR_MRLs | MRL | =0.00982451 | mg/m3 | Human | inhalation | - | Toxicity Value | STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/674e166be4b0a7c65d36ea5d; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/MRLS/mrlsListing.aspx; YEAR=1999; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1999; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=respiratory; STUDY_GROUP=ATSDR MRLs_dup_-_15447082_15447083_15447084:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_981d4a6391523c8fc2654c80bf523bdd |
| ToxValDB_ATSDR_MRLs | MRL | =0.3 | mg/kg bw/day | Human | oral | - | Toxicity Value | STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/674e166be4b0a7c65d36ea5d; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/MRLS/mrlsListing.aspx; YEAR=1999; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1999; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=gastrointestinal in male/female rats; STUDY_GROUP=ATSDR MRLs_dup_-_15447085_15447086:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_bee33c9e35f442cbb39f1e5c47ca6b49 |
| ToxValDB_ATSDR_MRLs | MRL | =0.2 | mg/kg bw/day | Human | oral | - | Toxicity Value | STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/674e166be4b0a7c65d36ea5d; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/MRLS/mrlsListing.aspx; YEAR=1999; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1999; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=gastrointestinal in male rats; STUDY_GROUP=ATSDR MRLs_dup_-_15447085_15447086:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_e0cec744cd9d1dfc23a489dc85ace52b |
| ToxValDB_ATSDR_MRLs | NOAEL | =1.2035 | mg/m3 | Monkey | inhalation | chronic; 26 weeks | chronic | LONG_REF=Rusch, G, Clary, JJ, Rinehart WE and Bolte, HF (1983). A 26 Week Inhalation Toxicity Study with Formaldehyde in the Monkey, Rat and Hamster. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 68: 329-343.; TITLE=A 26 Week Inhalation Toxicity Study with Formaldehyde in the Monkey, Rat and Hamster; AUTHOR=Rusch, G; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6568f4f3e4b063812d585770; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/ToxProfiles/tp111.pdf; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=respiratory; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=clinical signs; STUDY_GROUP=ATSDR MRLs:15447615:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Manually extracted from unstructured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was manually checked; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_b7d7b46c4a865558144112b38efa6ac1 |
| ToxValDB_ATSDR_MRLs | NOAEL | =25 | mg/kg bw/day | Rat | oral | short-term; 4 weeks | short-term | LONG_REF=Til HP, Woutersen RA, Feron VJ, Clary JJ (1988b). Evaluation of the oral toxicity of acetaldehyde and formaldehyde in a 4-week drinking-water study in rats. Fd. Chem. Toxic 26: 447-452.; TITLE=Evaluation of the oral toxicity of acetaldehyde and formaldehyde in a 4-week drinking-water study in rats; AUTHOR=Til HP; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6568f4f3e4b063812d585770; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/ToxProfiles/tp111.pdf; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=gastrointestinal; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=other; STUDY_GROUP=ATSDR MRLs:15447617:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Manually extracted from unstructured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was expert reviewed; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_50039a1b2b335c71d69bf7afa34958dd |
| ToxValDB_ATSDR_MRLs | NOAEL | =15 | mg/kg bw/day | Rat | oral | chronic; 2 years | chronic | LONG_REF=Til HP, Woutersen RA, Feron VJ, Hollanders VHM, Falke HE, Clary JJ (1989). Two-year drinking-water study of formaldehyde in rats. Fd. Chem. Toxic 27: 77-86.; TITLE=Two-year drinking-water study of formaldehyde in rats; AUTHOR=Til HP; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6568f4f3e4b063812d585770; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/ToxProfiles/tp111.pdf; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=gastrointestinal; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=other; STUDY_GROUP=ATSDR MRLs:15447618:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Manually extracted from unstructured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was expert reviewed; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_35d04e01cc2a7478f85cff5cd4c4dcf4 |
ToxValDB_Cal_OEHHA_REL_derivations 3 endpoints
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ToxValDB_Cal_OEHHA_REL_derivations | BMCL (05) | =0.540348 | mg/m3 | Human | inhalation | acute; 3 hours | clinical | LONG_REF=Kulle TJ, Sauder LR, Hebel JR, Green DJ and Chatham MD (1987). Formaldehyde dose-response in healthy nonsmokers. Japca 37(8): 919-24.; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/68c97043e4b02565fc7d32df; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://oehha.ca.gov/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://oehha.ca.gov/sites/default/files/media/downloads/crnr/appendixd1final.pdf; YEAR=2008; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2008; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=mild and moderate eye irritation; STUDY_GROUP=Cal OEHHA REL derivations_dup_-_15951882_15951883:-:-nonasthmatic, nonsmoking; QC_CATEGORY=Manually extracted from unstructured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was manually checked; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_6c7a35bbbda621f86c5e13726c8f7699 |
| ToxValDB_Cal_OEHHA_REL_derivations | NOAEL | =0.614032 | mg/m3 | Human | inhalation | acute; 3 hours | clinical | LONG_REF=Kulle TJ, Sauder LR, Hebel JR, Green DJ and Chatham MD (1987). Formaldehyde dose-response in healthy nonsmokers. Japca 37(8): 919-24.; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/68c97043e4b02565fc7d32df; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://oehha.ca.gov/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://oehha.ca.gov/sites/default/files/media/downloads/crnr/appendixd1final.pdf; YEAR=2008; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2008; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=mild and moderate eye irritation; STUDY_GROUP=Cal OEHHA REL derivations_dup_-_15951882_15951883:-:-nonasthmatic, nonsmoking; QC_CATEGORY=Manually extracted from unstructured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was manually checked; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_7fdfb396e5f3a076e6816abc7e188fbf |
| ToxValDB_Cal_OEHHA_REL_derivations | NOAEL | =0.09 | mg/m3 | Human | inhalation | chronic; 10 years | occupational | LONG_REF=Wilhelmsson and Holmstrom, 1992; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/68c97043e4b02565fc7d32df; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://oehha.ca.gov/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://oehha.ca.gov/sites/default/files/media/downloads/crnr/appendixd1final.pdf; YEAR=2008; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2008; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Nasal obstruction and discomfort, lower airway discomfort, and eye irritation.; STUDY_GROUP=Cal OEHHA REL derivations:15951885:-:-adult chemical plant workers; QC_CATEGORY=Manually extracted from unstructured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was manually checked; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_4b259bb3933bf7825377a13857c0ed5c |
ToxValDB_DOE_Wildlife_Benchmarks 1 endpoint
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ToxValDB_DOE_Wildlife_Benchmarks | NOAEL | =9.4 | mg/kg bw/day | Dog | oral | - | repeat dose other | STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/65bd1d53e4b063812d68c240; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://rais.ornl.gov/documents/tm86r3.pdf; STUDY_GROUP=DOE Wildlife Benchmarks:15511634:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_02f8fded7a1da607cc1c7d0e33c9d5e8 |
ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID 50 endpoints
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LEL | =6.01751 | mg/m3 | Mouse | inhalation | - | acute | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66059759e4b063812d6fa6de; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/3/3?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15796240:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_d59bf26fa95b8636c5a6db84cc0e9f2c |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LEL | =20000 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | acute | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66059759e4b063812d6fa6de; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/3/3?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Acute Toxicity Inhalation_15796538_15797704_15798336_15798337:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_9150a96fa0d55fe3bc23464df6b15e17 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LEL | =38.9296 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | acute | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66059759e4b063812d6fa6de; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/3/3?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Acute Toxicity Inhalation_15797349_15798406:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_2d435af6067093b6142ca904ea968934 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LEL | =17000 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | acute | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66059759e4b063812d6fa6de; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/3/3?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Acute Toxicity Inhalation_15796538_15797704_15798336_15798337:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_5c38fdfb5352bf117600dd771c4a63ce |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LEL | =21000 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | acute | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66059759e4b063812d6fa6de; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/3/3?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Acute Toxicity Inhalation_15796538_15797704_15798336_15798337:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_c8efed276c045b033a3fb9e0be906632 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LEL | =2.45613 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | acute | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66059759e4b063812d6fa6de; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/3/3?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Acute Toxicity Inhalation_15797349_15798406:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_daedb4db81ff96d8ae499256e0172169 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LEL | =18.4209 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | chronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c823e4b0a7c65d216dee; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/8?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15816401:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_3926ee041ce65dd754d85eec70cc55cf |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LEL | =5000 | mg/L | Rat | oral | - | chronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c823e4b0a7c65d216e1e; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/8?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15817728:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_00c8d00655c780e0b5f6494aecffac11 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LEL | =12.2806 | mg/m3 | Hamster | inhalation | - | chronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c823e4b0a7c65d216e2a; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/8?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15818621:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_67cbab781176cfa1662ac6219294fe05 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LEL | >=6.14032 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | subchronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c851e4b0a7c65d217e96; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/10/2?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15825475:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_9a79d7688a64a67ee38edf045ac1f6c6 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LEL | =7.36838 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | short-term; 4 days | short-term | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66059786e4b063812d6fa765; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/6/3?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Repeated Dose Toxicity Inhalation_15827235_15827236:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_65d6c3ab614ded1f488af0276ca47a34 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LEL | =3.68419 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | short-term; 3 days | short-term | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66059786e4b063812d6fa765; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/6/3?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=nasal cavity; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=gross pathology; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15828517:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_f629e57e26ae86bcaebbada229a770cc |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LOAEC | =12.2806 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | chronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c823e4b0a7c65d216dde; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/8?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Carcinogenicity_15816202_15816203_15817929_15817930:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_ac0a8378f6df2fc1c5651254c08beaae |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LOAEC | =24.5613 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | chronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c823e4b0a7c65d216dde; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/8?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Carcinogenicity_15816202_15816203_15817929_15817930:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_d5c2effdb25cc5fa1e63bf083a51fb1f |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LOAEC | =7.36838 | mg/m3 | Mouse | inhalation | - | chronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c823e4b0a7c65d216e0c; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/8?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Carcinogenicity_15816514_15816515_15816516:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_a29775c2e222caf3c914f9181467f51c |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LOAEC | =2.45613 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | chronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c823e4b0a7c65d216e18; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/8?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Carcinogenicity_15816848_15816849_15816850:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_13013a0b89491d7745e3de177d395ed2 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LOAEC | =2.70174 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | chronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c823e4b0a7c65d216e1a; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/8?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Carcinogenicity_15817368_15817369_15817370_15817371_15817944_15817945_15817946_15817947_15819180_15819181:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_580d4bfd441f7e6ee33a6a241cd2a213 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LOAEC | =0.512102 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | subchronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c851e4b0a7c65d217e94; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/10/2?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=clinical biochemistry|histopathology: non-neoplastic; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=clinical chemistry|nonneoplastic histopathology; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15825474:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_3dc2f997290cb91a774249f6c28d3409 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LOAEC | =14.7368 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | repeat dose other | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c863e4b0a7c65d218534; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/10/1?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=neurons: neuropathology; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Neurotoxicity_15825898_15825899:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_08c81c5e397de4a365f1d905908c4598 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LOAEC | =0.0982451 | mg/m3 | Mouse | inhalation | - | repeat dose other | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c863e4b0a7c65d21853e; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/10/1?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Neurotoxicity_15825928_15825971:F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_1c7cb83af5e635b42193bea0296b1a47 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LOAEC | =3.68419 | mg/m3 | Monkey | inhalation | chronic; 26 weeks | chronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/67c61fa0e4b096bca877e346; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/6/3?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=nasal cavity; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=gross pathology; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Repeated Dose Toxicity Inhalation_15826952_15826953:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_21e7c4ac8e80ea6e11724e5ede4ac6a7 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LOAEC | =4.91225 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | subchronic; 13 weeks | subchronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66059786e4b063812d6fa765; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/6/3?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=nasal cavity; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=gross pathology; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Repeated Dose Toxicity Inhalation_15828225_15828226:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_2f040b8741b6e9e1b7b94496eeed1b67 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LOAEC | =15.5964 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | subchronic; 13 weeks | subchronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66059786e4b063812d6fa765; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/6/3?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=nasal cavity; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=gross pathology; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15828615:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_74196221bbd01af25b8bdd6e34ccbef5 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LOAEC | =49.1225 | mg/m3 | Mouse | inhalation | subchronic; 13 weeks | subchronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66059786e4b063812d6fa765; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/6/3?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=nasal cavity; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=gross pathology; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Repeated Dose Toxicity Inhalation_15828689_15828690_15829554_15829555:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_8829066779c5dda51ef5a76acc16732b |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LOAEL | =74 | mg/kg bw/day | Mouse | oral | - | reproduction developmental | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/669eac32e4b0a7c65d1bdd46; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/9/3?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=maternal: body weight and weight gain; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=body weight; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15822151:F:-maternal; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was expert reviewed; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_24faaee7970a63453c2d24586e5a09a2 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LOEC | =0.614032 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | short-term; 10 days | short-term | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66059786e4b063812d6fa765; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/6/3?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=nasal cavity; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=gross pathology; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15828947:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_caab089529382a8269f90cce0c55fafb |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LOEL | =0.245613 | mg/m3 | Mouse | inhalation | - | subchronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c851e4b0a7c65d217e98; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/10/2?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=immune system; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15825486:F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_57082a0e272ecb3f3b1d45e1d14c3618 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LOEL | =0.122806 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | repeat dose other | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c863e4b0a7c65d218530; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/10/1?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15825626:F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_0bdd16c1b5e72160114f2e584a2b0eac |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | LOEL | =0.859644 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | repeat dose other | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c863e4b0a7c65d218532; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/10/1?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=clinical biochemistry; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=clinical chemistry; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15825759:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_2113a165d159614369d38059ccee2061 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | NOAEC | =2.45613 | mg/m3 | Mouse | inhalation | - | chronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c823e4b0a7c65d216e0c; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/8?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Carcinogenicity_15816514_15816515_15816516:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_50092b8f8b8c19bfca73b4212fe807b4 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | NOAEC | =18.4209 | mg/m3 | Mouse | inhalation | - | chronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c823e4b0a7c65d216e0c; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/8?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Carcinogenicity_15816514_15816515_15816516:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_5f2cad7a774224ac2acb254c092ee6a7 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | NOAEC | =7.36838 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | chronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c823e4b0a7c65d216e18; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/8?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Carcinogenicity_15816848_15816849_15816850:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_5a5bc9e2f8d693b6f190a1fbc777374a |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | NOAEC | =0.368419 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | chronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c823e4b0a7c65d216e1a; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/8?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Carcinogenicity_15817368_15817369_15817370_15817371_15817944_15817945_15817946_15817947_15819180_15819181:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_42eb762d6ed62605dc87a39c60f67fee |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | NOAEC | =1.22806 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | chronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c823e4b0a7c65d216e26; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/8?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Carcinogenicity_15816202_15816203_15817929_15817930:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_5406bd2f122120f90e1a75056a0d4fe2 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | NOAEC | =12.2806 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | developmental | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7d1dbe4b0a7c65d2307a7; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/9/3?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15821538:-:-fetal; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_bc0bec47de699ab40a26a456dc4e2d0d |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | NOAEC | =6.14032 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | reproduction developmental | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7d1dbe4b0a7c65d2307a7; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/9/3?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=maternal: body weight and weight gain|maternal: food consumption and compound intake; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=body weight|food and/or water consumption; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15822841:F:-maternal; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_edee6f14debce4aa882547af6bb60bcf |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | NOAEC | =15.5964 | mg/m3 | Mouse | inhalation | subchronic; 13 weeks | subchronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66059786e4b063812d6fa765; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/6/3?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=nasal cavity; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=gross pathology; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Repeated Dose Toxicity Inhalation_15828689_15828690_15829554_15829555:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_103068c7dab8ddf7f01b96a3ee1e1208 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | NOAEC | =0.859644 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | short-term; 3 weeks | short-term | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66059786e4b063812d6fa765; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/6/3?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15829131:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_feecd556a5567f8968dab08ca41f5efa |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | NOAEC | =3.68419 | mg/m3 | Hamster | inhalation | chronic; 26 weeks | chronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66059786e4b063812d6fa765; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/6/3?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Repeated Dose Toxicity Inhalation_15829225_15829226:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_fa2375ad114604e234139f850423123d |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | NOAEC | =4.91225 | mg/m3 | Mouse | inhalation | subchronic; 13 weeks | subchronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66059786e4b063812d6fa765; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/6/3?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=nasal cavity; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=gross pathology; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Repeated Dose Toxicity Inhalation_15828689_15828690_15829554_15829555:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_d4573c7dbc27bdc24f66b181cffe6ab2 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | NOAEL | =82 | mg/kg bw/day | Rat | oral | - | chronic | QUALITY=1 (reliable without restriction); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c823e4b0a7c65d216e16; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/8?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Carcinogenicity_15816571_15816573_15816575:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_aaba1ac010e059f9550b2fb0ccfde6f6 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | NOAEL | =109 | mg/kg bw/day | Rat | oral | - | chronic | QUALITY=1 (reliable without restriction); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c823e4b0a7c65d216e16; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/8?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Carcinogenicity_15816572_15816574_15816576:F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_8d2eaeb05823ed7def06da6d2170079b |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | NOAEL | =21 | mg/kg bw/day | Rat | oral | - | chronic | QUALITY=1 (reliable without restriction); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c823e4b0a7c65d216e16; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/8?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Carcinogenicity_15816572_15816574_15816576:F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_b61ea5ccda784aef41a9adc66a19f83a |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | NOAEL | <9.21047 | mg/m3 | Mouse | inhalation | - | chronic | QUALITY=1 (reliable without restriction); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7c823e4b0a7c65d216e3e; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/8?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=histopathology: nonneoplastic; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=nonneoplastic histopathology; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15819794:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_e6af1d5ad55915609b237c3310e18498 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | NOAEL | =185 | mg/kg bw/day | Mouse | oral | - | developmental | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/669eac32e4b0a7c65d1bdd46; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/9/3?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15820808:-:-fetal; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was expert reviewed; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_332735ca3a0517450cf5c9bb0a97236c |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | NOAEL | =25 | mg/kg bw/day | Rat | oral | chronic; 24 months | chronic | QUALITY=1 (reliable without restriction); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/669eae4ee4b0a7c65d1c88ec; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/6/2?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=stomach: body weight and weight gain|food consumption and compound intake|gross pathology|haematology|organ weights and organ / body weight ratios|urinalysis|water consumption and compound intake; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=body weight|food and/or water consumption|gross pathology|hematology|organ weight|urinalysis; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Repeated Dose Toxicity Oral_15832676_15839607:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was expert reviewed; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_8615acf9dc32325dabbe6a9bf69ededa |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | NOAEL | <50 | mg/kg bw/day | Dog | oral | subchronic; 90 days | subchronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/669eae4ee4b0a7c65d1c88f2; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/6/2?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=food consumption and compound intake|food efficiency; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=food and/or water consumption|other; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15834455:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was expert reviewed; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_37463262762b4e6709707a5799188ca7 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | NOAEL | =10 | mg/kg bw/day | Rat | oral | chronic; 24 months | chronic | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66a7cb42e4b0a7c65d2256bd; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/6/2?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=stomach: histopathology: non-neoplastic; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=nonneoplastic histopathology; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Repeated Dose Toxicity Oral_15832676_15839607:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_86f962750b0b89406049cf4f4936dfa4 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | NOAEL | <20 | mg/kg bw/day | Rat | oral | short-term; 4 weeks | short-term | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/669eae4ee4b0a7c65d1c8906; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/6/2?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=histopathology: neoplastic|immunology|organ weights and organ / body weight ratios; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=cancer|organ weight|other; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID:15841997:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was expert reviewed; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_ff1346f1d37ace7941403ba6df567771 |
| ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID | NOEC | =2.45613 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | short-term; 4 days | short-term | QUALITY=2 (reliable with restrictions); STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/66059786e4b063812d6fa765; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23039/7/6/3?documentUUID=7d2fc287-88f7-49b3-87a2-258c60a3d6ca; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; STUDY_GROUP=ECHA IUCLID_dup_Repeated Dose Toxicity Inhalation_15827235_15827236:M:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_b6dded4bddeaa85c6ff8521e907fa956 |
ToxValDB_ECOTOX 20 endpoints
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ToxValDB_ECOTOX | LOEL | =0.006 | mg/mL | Rat | environmental | acute; 1 days | acute | LONG_REF=Birth Defects Res. A Clin. Mol. Teratol.73(2): 72-82 Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity 2005; TITLE=Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity; AUTHOR=Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris; DOI=10.1002/bdra.20094; QUALITY=Control type: Concurrent control; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=113153; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=2005; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2005; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Mortality: Survival; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=mortality/survival; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX_dup_EPA ORD_15599395_15599396_15599397_15599399:unknown:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=8e9660defa19d3e4c1e8f213c1653090 |
| ToxValDB_ECOTOX | LOEL | =0.003 | mg/mL | Rat | environmental | acute; 1 days | developmental | LONG_REF=Birth Defects Res. A Clin. Mol. Teratol.73(2): 72-82 Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity 2005; TITLE=Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity; AUTHOR=Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris; DOI=10.1002/bdra.20094; QUALITY=Control type: Concurrent control; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=113153; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=2005; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2005; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Development: Normal|Genetics: DNA concentration; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=other; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX_dup_EPA ORD_15599394_15599398_15599400:unknown:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=db521d36a409825d9da7807acdbb2a76 |
| ToxValDB_ECOTOX | LOEL | =30 | % w/v | Mouse | dermal | short-term; 3 days | short-term | LONG_REF=Arch. Toxicol.74(12): 733-744 Ulrich,P., J. Streich, and W. Suter Intralaboratory Validation of Alternative Endpoints in the Murine Local Lymph Node Assay for the Identification of Contact Allergic Potential: Primary Ear Skin Irritation and Ear-Draining Lymph Node Hyperplasia Induced 2001; TITLE=Intralaboratory Validation of Alternative Endpoints in the Murine Local Lymph Node Assay for the Identification of Contact Allergic Potential: Primary Ear Skin Irritation and Ear-Draining Lymph Node Hyperplasia Induced; AUTHOR=Ulrich,P., J. Streich, and W. Suter; DOI=10.1007/s002040000192; QUALITY=Control type: Carrier or solvent control; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=112411; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=2001; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2001; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Morphology: Weight; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=other; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX_dup_EPA ORD_15601842_15601843_15601844_15601845:F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=f2e3bfafea2b550e7902fba1ea1f820c |
| ToxValDB_ECOTOX | LOEL | =0.004 | mg/mL | Mouse | environmental | acute; 1 days | acute | LONG_REF=Birth Defects Res. A Clin. Mol. Teratol.73(2): 72-82 Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity 2005; TITLE=Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity; AUTHOR=Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris; DOI=10.1002/bdra.20094; QUALITY=Control type: Concurrent control; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=113153; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=2005; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2005; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Biochemistry: Protein, total|Mortality: Survival; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=mortality/survival|urinalysis; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX_dup_EPA ORD_15607286_15607289_15607290:unknown:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=b1aa204cd0ff8d5da40a11e07c8daa61 |
| ToxValDB_ECOTOX | LOEL | =0.001 | mg/mL | Mouse | environmental | acute; 1 days | acute | LONG_REF=Birth Defects Res. A Clin. Mol. Teratol.73(2): 72-82 Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity 2005; TITLE=Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity; AUTHOR=Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris; DOI=10.1002/bdra.20094; QUALITY=Control type: Concurrent control; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=113153; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=2005; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2005; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Genetics: DNA concentration; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=other; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX_dup_EPA ORD_15607286_15607289_15607290:unknown:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=837a12c39b7bbe2bfb8b0e9792934c53 |
| ToxValDB_ECOTOX | LOEL | =5 | % | Mouse | dermal | short-term; 16 days | short-term | LONG_REF=Contact Dermatitis15(1): 17-23 Maisey,J., and K. Miller Assessment of the Ability of Mice Fed on Vitamin A Supplemented Diet to Respond to a Variety of Potential Contact Sensitizers 1986; TITLE=Assessment of the Ability of Mice Fed on Vitamin A Supplemented Diet to Respond to a Variety of Potential Contact Sensitizers; AUTHOR=Maisey,J., and K. Miller; DOI=10.1111/j.1600-0536.1986.tb01255.x; QUALITY=Control type: Carrier or solvent control; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=81179; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=1986; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1986; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Immunological: Thickness; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=other; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX:15608373:F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=5fe845f863a34899fe9f1a2a45bebab4 |
| ToxValDB_ECOTOX | LOEL | =0.000003 | mg | Mouse | injection | acute; 1 days | developmental | LONG_REF=Birth Defects Res. A Clin. Mol. Teratol.73(2): 72-82 Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity 2005; TITLE=Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity; AUTHOR=Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris; DOI=10.1002/bdra.20094; QUALITY=Control type: Concurrent control; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=113153; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=2005; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2005; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Development: Normal|Genetics: DNA concentration|Mortality: Survival; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=mortality/survival|other; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX:15610905:unknown:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=58c44e892c795b9d2c575e5102c8e300 |
| ToxValDB_ECOTOX | LOEL | =0.00101 | mg | Mouse | injection | acute; 1 days | acute | LONG_REF=Birth Defects Res. A Clin. Mol. Teratol.73(2): 72-82 Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity 2005; TITLE=Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity; AUTHOR=Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris; DOI=10.1002/bdra.20094; QUALITY=Control type: Concurrent control; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=113153; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=2005; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2005; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Biochemistry: Protein, total; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=urinalysis; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX_dup_EPA ORD_15610906_15610907_15610908_15610909:unknown:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=b39ad9123a5aa0a21bb5a4d6c57c9831 |
| ToxValDB_ECOTOX | LOEL | =0.00151 | mg | Rat | injection | acute; 1 days | acute | LONG_REF=Birth Defects Res. A Clin. Mol. Teratol.73(2): 72-82 Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity 2005; TITLE=Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity; AUTHOR=Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris; DOI=10.1002/bdra.20094; QUALITY=Control type: Concurrent control; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=113153; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=2005; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2005; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Biochemistry: Protein, total; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=urinalysis; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX_dup_EPA ORD_15610968_15610972:unknown:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=c3083169da9c0aa2b1ceac91076c1eb0 |
| ToxValDB_ECOTOX | NOEL | =0.006 | mg/mL | Rat | environmental | acute; 1 days | developmental | LONG_REF=Birth Defects Res. A Clin. Mol. Teratol.73(2): 72-82 Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity 2005; TITLE=Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity; AUTHOR=Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris; DOI=10.1002/bdra.20094; QUALITY=Control type: Concurrent control; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=113153; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=2005; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2005; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Development: Organ/tissue formation; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=development; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX_dup_EPA ORD_15599394_15599398_15599400:unknown:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=4beb10e8fc018531f709b3158b86706c |
| ToxValDB_ECOTOX | NOEL | =0.004 | mg/mL | Rat | environmental | acute; 1 days | acute | LONG_REF=Birth Defects Res. A Clin. Mol. Teratol.73(2): 72-82 Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity 2005; TITLE=Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity; AUTHOR=Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris; DOI=10.1002/bdra.20094; QUALITY=Control type: Concurrent control; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=113153; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=2005; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2005; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Mortality: Survival; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=mortality/survival; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX_dup_EPA ORD_15599395_15599396_15599397_15599399:unknown:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=f9e004c7969d494b19dd6d77bd7e7ffb |
| ToxValDB_ECOTOX | NOEL | =0.003 | mg/mL | Rat | environmental | acute; 1 days | acute | LONG_REF=Birth Defects Res. A Clin. Mol. Teratol.73(2): 72-82 Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity 2005; TITLE=Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity; AUTHOR=Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris; DOI=10.1002/bdra.20094; QUALITY=Control type: Concurrent control; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=113153; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=2005; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2005; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Biochemistry: Protein, total; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=urinalysis; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX_dup_EPA ORD_15599395_15599396_15599397_15599399:unknown:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=5cc3477425e47e93993d0b7c25febca6 |
| ToxValDB_ECOTOX | NOEL | =0.001 | mg/mL | Rat | environmental | acute; 1 days | developmental | LONG_REF=Birth Defects Res. A Clin. Mol. Teratol.73(2): 72-82 Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity 2005; TITLE=Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity; AUTHOR=Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris; DOI=10.1002/bdra.20094; QUALITY=Control type: Concurrent control; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=113153; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=2005; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2005; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Development: Normal|Genetics: DNA concentration; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=other; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX_dup_EPA ORD_15599394_15599398_15599400:unknown:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=7bc7d36072605b797898c802ca43d3a3 |
| ToxValDB_ECOTOX | NOEL | =15 | % w/v | Mouse | dermal | short-term; 3 days | short-term | LONG_REF=Arch. Toxicol.74(12): 733-744 Ulrich,P., J. Streich, and W. Suter Intralaboratory Validation of Alternative Endpoints in the Murine Local Lymph Node Assay for the Identification of Contact Allergic Potential: Primary Ear Skin Irritation and Ear-Draining Lymph Node Hyperplasia Induced 2001; TITLE=Intralaboratory Validation of Alternative Endpoints in the Murine Local Lymph Node Assay for the Identification of Contact Allergic Potential: Primary Ear Skin Irritation and Ear-Draining Lymph Node Hyperplasia Induced; AUTHOR=Ulrich,P., J. Streich, and W. Suter; DOI=10.1007/s002040000192; QUALITY=Control type: Carrier or solvent control; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=112411; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=2001; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2001; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Morphology: Weight; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=other; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX_dup_EPA ORD_15601842_15601843_15601844_15601845:F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=3ea542c5b00699a304f158eb034e37d2 |
| ToxValDB_ECOTOX | NOEL | =7.5 | % w/v | Mouse | dermal | short-term; 3 days | short-term | LONG_REF=Arch. Toxicol.74(12): 733-744 Ulrich,P., J. Streich, and W. Suter Intralaboratory Validation of Alternative Endpoints in the Murine Local Lymph Node Assay for the Identification of Contact Allergic Potential: Primary Ear Skin Irritation and Ear-Draining Lymph Node Hyperplasia Induced 2001; TITLE=Intralaboratory Validation of Alternative Endpoints in the Murine Local Lymph Node Assay for the Identification of Contact Allergic Potential: Primary Ear Skin Irritation and Ear-Draining Lymph Node Hyperplasia Induced; AUTHOR=Ulrich,P., J. Streich, and W. Suter; DOI=10.1007/s002040000192; QUALITY=Control type: Carrier or solvent control; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=112411; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=2001; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2001; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Cell(s): Number of cells; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=nonneoplastic histopathology; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX_dup_EPA ORD_15601842_15601843_15601844_15601845:F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=056d13c336e7d9d03e2febaa318892e4 |
| ToxValDB_ECOTOX | NOEL | =0.05 | % org | European Rabbit | injection | acute; 0.0556 days | acute | LONG_REF=J. Evol. Biochem. Physiol.37(6): 634-641 Kassil,V.G., I.P. Butkevich, and V.A. Mikhailenko Interaction of Tonic and Phasic Pain in Rabbit Ontogenesis 2001; TITLE=Interaction of Tonic and Phasic Pain in Rabbit Ontogenesis; AUTHOR=Kassil,V.G., I.P. Butkevich, and V.A. Mikhailenko; DOI=10.1023/A:1014474412031; QUALITY=Control type: Multiple entries; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=189765; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=2001; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2001; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Behavior: Flight|Physiology: Electrophysiological response|Physiology: Energy charge potential; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=clinical signs|neurobehavior; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX_dup_EPA ORD_15602880_15602881:unknown:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=49ab0c1fe088d6d5c1b92bff8cc68026 |
| ToxValDB_ECOTOX | NOEL | =0.000501 | mg | Mouse | injection | acute; 1 days | acute | LONG_REF=Birth Defects Res. A Clin. Mol. Teratol.73(2): 72-82 Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity 2005; TITLE=Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity; AUTHOR=Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris; DOI=10.1002/bdra.20094; QUALITY=Control type: Concurrent control; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=113153; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=2005; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2005; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Biochemistry: Protein, total; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=urinalysis; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX_dup_EPA ORD_15610906_15610907_15610908_15610909:unknown:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=0757006ac506edba29a95d6b3ef0f722 |
| ToxValDB_ECOTOX | NOEL | =0.000003 | mg | Mouse | injection | acute; 1 days | acute | LONG_REF=Birth Defects Res. A Clin. Mol. Teratol.73(2): 72-82 Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity 2005; TITLE=Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity; AUTHOR=Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris; DOI=10.1002/bdra.20094; QUALITY=Control type: Concurrent control; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=113153; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=2005; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2005; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Biochemistry: Protein, total|Genetics: DNA concentration; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=other|urinalysis; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX_dup_EPA ORD_15610906_15610907_15610908_15610909:unknown:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=c7d429bc55299aec8ed7cebf59c4dc8a |
| ToxValDB_ECOTOX | NOEL | =0.00151 | mg | Rat | injection | acute; 1 days | developmental | LONG_REF=Birth Defects Res. A Clin. Mol. Teratol.73(2): 72-82 Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity 2005; TITLE=Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity; AUTHOR=Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris; DOI=10.1002/bdra.20094; QUALITY=Control type: Concurrent control; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=113153; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=2005; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2005; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Biochemistry: Protein, total|Development: Organ/tissue formation|Genetics: DNA concentration; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=development|other|urinalysis; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX_dup_EPA ORD_15610969_15610970_15610971:unknown:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=e32e0d4c8395ab6f9ca3e1b2ee23021c |
| ToxValDB_ECOTOX | NOEL | =0.00101 | mg | Rat | injection | acute; 1 days | acute | LONG_REF=Birth Defects Res. A Clin. Mol. Teratol.73(2): 72-82 Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity 2005; TITLE=Methanol, Formaldehyde, and Sodium Formate Exposure in Rat and Mouse Conceptuses: A Potential Role of the Visceral Yolk Sac in Embryotoxicity; AUTHOR=Hansen,J.M., K.M. Contreras, and C. Harris; DOI=10.1002/bdra.20094; QUALITY=Control type: Concurrent control; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID=113153; EXTERNAL_SOURCE_ID_DESC=ECOTOX Reference Number; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759bce8e4b0a7c65d37bc5f; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/; YEAR=2005; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2005; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Biochemistry: Protein, total; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT_CATEGORY=urinalysis; STUDY_GROUP=ECOTOX_dup_EPA ORD_15610968_15610972:unknown:--; QC_CATEGORY=Data source QC'd by data provider prior to ECOTOX import; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=360075f8fec2d0879ac26e13c1db094b |
ToxValDB_EFSA 1 endpoint
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ToxValDB_EFSA | LEL | =990 | mg/kg bw/day | Chicken | oral | short-term; 28 days | short-term | LONG_REF=EFSA FEEDAP (2004). Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed on a request from the Commission on safety of formaldehyde for poultry as feed additive in accordance with Council Directive 70/524/EEC. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2004.96.; TITLE=Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed on a request from the Commission on safety of formaldehyde for poultry as feed additive in accordance with Council Directive 70/524/EEC; AUTHOR=EFSA FEEDAP; DOI=doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2004.96; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/65201d30e4b0f0a60ddd1165; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://zenodo.org/record/5076033#.Y9fEoXbMI2z; YEAR=2004; ORIGINAL_YEAR=2004; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=no effects; STUDY_GROUP=EFSA:15614164:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_31b0ec14e09c39428ab96ce176f2048e |
ToxValDB_EPA_TSCA_8e 5 endpoints
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ToxValDB_EPA_TSCA_8e | LEL | >20 | mg/L | Rat | inhalation | acute; 7 hours | acute | STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/68c96d15e4b02565fc7d3269; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://chemview.epa.gov; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://chemview.epa.gov/chemview/proxy?filename=2010-12-8EHQ-10-18217A_8ehq_1210_18217a.pdf; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=mortality, escape behavior, watery eyes, nasal secretion, dyspnea, staggered gait, and ruffled fur, but the exposure duration was not specified, dilation of the heart, hyperemia, lung edema; STUDY_GROUP=EPA TSCA 8e_dup_-_15957186_15957187_15957189:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Manually extracted from unstructured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was manually checked; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_41c4d59562c5b9c519cd7028a8e12597 |
| ToxValDB_EPA_TSCA_8e | LEL | <21 | mg/L | Rat | inhalation | acute; 7 hours | acute | STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/68c96d15e4b02565fc7d3269; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://chemview.epa.gov; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://chemview.epa.gov/chemview/proxy?filename=2010-12-8EHQ-10-18217A_8ehq_1210_18217a.pdf; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=mortality, escape behavior, watery eyes, nasal secretion, dyspnea, staggered gait, and ruffled fur, but the exposure duration was not specified, dilation of the heart, hyperemia, lung edema; STUDY_GROUP=EPA TSCA 8e_dup_-_15957186_15957187_15957189:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Manually extracted from unstructured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was manually checked; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_cbdfebdc5c0546c4cab9e1909c187cfb |
| ToxValDB_EPA_TSCA_8e | LEL | =17 | mg/L | Rat | inhalation | acute; 7 hours | acute | STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/68c96d15e4b02565fc7d3269; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://chemview.epa.gov; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://chemview.epa.gov/chemview/proxy?filename=2010-12-8EHQ-10-18217A_8ehq_1210_18217a.pdf; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=mortality, watery and reddened nasal secretion, watery eyes, dyspnea, wheeze and tremor, staggering gail, ruffled fur, reddened nose with eschar formation, dilation of heart, hyperemia, lung edema; STUDY_GROUP=EPA TSCA 8e_dup_-_15957186_15957187_15957189:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Manually extracted from unstructured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was manually checked; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_ebc77709cb8b79eda478c9411246329d |
| ToxValDB_EPA_TSCA_8e | LEL | =12.2806 | mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | short-term (developmental); 10 days | reproduction developmental | STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/68c96d15e4b02565fc7d3269; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://chemview.epa.gov; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://chemview.epa.gov/chemview/proxy?filename=tscats/88920010941_50000_4829E435803F4FBB85256930004F2801.pdf; YEAR=1989; ORIGINAL_YEAR=1989; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=P0: decreased body weight, decreased body weight gain, reduced food consumption; STUDY_GROUP=EPA TSCA 8e:15957190:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Manually extracted from unstructured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was manually checked; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_374616b3c83ce7b89ad6eec565cd8f5e |
| ToxValDB_EPA_TSCA_8e | LEL | =1.28 | ppm | Human | oral | - | clinical | STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/68c96d15e4b02565fc7d3269; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://chemview.epa.gov; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://chemview.epa.gov/chemview/proxy?filename=2009-11-8EHQ-09-17729A_8ehq_1109_17729a.pdf; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=reduced total white blood cell counts, lower levels of granulocytes, platelets, red blood cell counts, lymphocyte counts, increased leukemia-specific chromosomal aneuploidy in hematopoietic progenitor cells; STUDY_GROUP=EPA TSCA 8e:15957191:M/F:--; QC_CATEGORY=Manually extracted from unstructured data source; Source overall passed QC, and this record was manually checked; QC_STATUS=pass; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_75e786a503accb738b813ccaefae56c1 |
ToxValDB_GESTIS_DNEL 2 endpoints
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ToxValDB_GESTIS_DNEL | DNEL local | =0.375 | mg/m3 | Human | inhalation | - | Toxicity Value | STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6543dd69e4b045b9ff7cd87e; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-dnel-liste/index-2.jsp; STUDY_GROUP=GESTIS DNEL_dup_-_15632317_15632318:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_3c921fa5ec871f6e41ec6e4e0559433d |
| ToxValDB_GESTIS_DNEL | DNEL systemic | =9 | mg/m3 | Human | inhalation | - | Toxicity Value | STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6543dd69e4b045b9ff7cd87e; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-dnel-liste/index-2.jsp; STUDY_GROUP=GESTIS DNEL_dup_-_15632317_15632318:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_50209cad3a75151a271ba03347211d73 |
ToxValDB_Pennsylvania_DEP_ToxValues 1 endpoint
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ToxValDB_Pennsylvania_DEP_ToxValues | RfC | =0.009 | mg/m3 | Human | inhalation | - | Toxicity Value | STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/67599fbae4b0a7c65d37b2e3; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://files.dep.state.pa.us/EnvironmentalCleanupBrownfields/LandRecyclingProgram/LandRecyclingProgramPortalFiles/GuidanceTechTools/VaporIntrusion/November_2021/Table%205a.pdf; STUDY_GROUP=Pennsylvania DEP ToxValues:15650132:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_2fb9833636935eec4d6dbd94a96f3ca8 |
ToxValDB_RSL 3 endpoints
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ToxValDB_RSL | RfC | =0.0098 | mg/m3 | Human | inhalation | - | Toxicity Value | STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759b87ce4b0a7c65d37b4e4; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://www.epa.gov/risk/regional-screening-levels-rsls-generic-tables; STUDY_GROUP=RSL_dup_ATSDR_15656489_15663461_15663463:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_ee53d47def7c03a83a306c8efa6d4a5f |
| ToxValDB_RSL | RfC | =0.00982577 | mg/m3 | Human | inhalation | - | Toxicity Value | STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759b87ce4b0a7c65d37b4e2; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://www.epa.gov/risk/regional-screening-levels-rsls-generic-tables; STUDY_GROUP=RSL_dup_ATSDR_15656489_15663461_15663463:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_9692f7e44284cab966a771878b155c6a |
| ToxValDB_RSL | RfC | =0.0368466 | mg/m3 | Human | inhalation | - | Toxicity Value | STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/6759b87ce4b0a7c65d37b4e2; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://www.epa.gov/risk/regional-screening-levels-rsls-generic-tables; STUDY_GROUP=RSL_dup_ATSDR_15656489_15663461_15663463:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Programmatically extracted from structured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_103291bef604a5b56daac5862a202a53 |
ToxValDB_TX_TCEQ 1 endpoint
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ToxValDB_TX_TCEQ | LOAEL | =0.5 | mg/m3 | Human | inhalation | acute; 2 hours | clinical | LONG_REF=Pazdrak K, Gorski P, Krakowiak A, et al. 1993. Changes in nasal lavage fluid due to formaldehyde inhalation. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 64:515-519. Krakowiak A, Gorski P, Pazdrak K, et al. 1998. Airway response to formaldehyde inhalation in asthmatic subjects with suspected respiratory formaldehyde sensitization. Am J Ind Med 33:274-281; STORED_SOURCE_RECORD=https://clowder.edap-cluster.com/files/68c993f9e4b02565fc7d5b01; RECORD_SOURCE_LEVEL=Extraction document; SOURCE_URL=https://www.tceq.texas.gov; SUBSOURCE_URL=https://www.tceq.texas.gov/downloads/toxicology/dsd/final/formaldehyde.pdf; YEAR=August 7, 2008; Accessible 2013 24-Hour Reference Value: September 14, 2015; ORIGINAL_YEAR=August 7, 2008; Accessible 2013 24-Hour Reference Value: September 14, 2015; TOXICOLOGICAL_EFFECT=Eye and nose irritation, symptoms of rhinitis; STUDY_GROUP=TX TCEQ:15954459:-:--; QC_CATEGORY=Manually extracted from unstructured data source; Source overall passed QC, but this record was not manually checked; QC_STATUS=not determined; SOURCE_HASH=ToxValhc_f33bb81dbd6351d8c662a4c01319c282 |
UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies 25 endpoints
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | - | 1 | % | rat | inhalation | 60 weeks | - | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=1; DOSE=5% aqueous formaldehyde Batch: no data Purity: no data Vehicle: water Dose levels:; EFFECT=SCCS/1538/14 Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 38 Iversen, 1986: Application of 0.2 ml of 1 or 10% formaldehyde twice weekly for 60 weeks in hairless mice. Slight hyperplasia of the epidermis at 10%, no visible alterations of skin in the 1% group (= NOAEL) 4.1.7.3.3 Inhalation route 1st study: Rusch et al., 1983 Guideline: no Species/strain: Rats (Fischer 344), Syrian golden hamsters, Rhesus monkeys (Cynomolgus) Group size: 20 males and 20 females per group (rats), 10 males and 10 females per group (hamsters), 6 males per group (monkeys) Test substance: 5% aqueous formaldehyde Batch: no data Purity: no data Vehicle: water Dose levels: 0, 0.2, 1, 3 ppm Route: Inhalation Exposure: 22 h/day, 7 days/week, 26 weeks Administration: Whole body inhalation (exposure c; CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"5% aqueous formaldehyde Batch: no data Purity: no data Vehicle: water Dose levels:","duration":"60 weeks","effect":"SCCS/1538/14 Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 38 Iversen, 1986: Application of 0.2 ml of 1 or 10% formaldehyde twice weekly for 60 weeks in hairless mice. Slight hyperplasia of the epidermis at 10%, no visible alterations of skin in the 1% group (= NOAEL) 4.1.7.3.3 Inhalation route 1st study: Rusch et al., 1983 Guideline: no Species/strain: Rats (Fischer 344), Syrian golden hamsters, Rhesus monkeys (Cynomolgus) Group size: 20 males and 20 females per group (rats), 10 males and 10 females per group (hamsters), 6 males per group (monkeys) Test substance: 5% aqueous formaldehyde Batch: no data Purity: no data Vehicle: water Dose levels: 0, 0.2, 1, 3 ppm Route: Inhalation Exposure: 22 h/day, 7 days/week, 26 weeks Administration: Whole body inhalation (exposure c","endpoint":"","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"%","noael_value":"1","page":38,"route":"inhalation","species":"rat","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_013"} |
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | - | 1 | ppm | rat | inhalation | 26 weeks | - | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=1; DOSE=effects at 0.2 and 1 ppm.; EFFECT=effects at 0.2 and 1 ppm. At 3 ppm clinical symptoms (hoarseness, congestion, nasal discharge) were reported. In addition, squamous metaplasia and hyperplasia were observed in nasoturbinates of all animals (6/6), but not in other parts of the respiratory tract. In 1 out of 6 animals the same lesions in the nasal cavity were observable already at 1 ppm. Conclusions: The repeated inhalation of formaldehyde up to 3 ppm for 26 weeks induced only local effects in the epithelia of the nasal cavity of rats and monkeys. NOAEL in this study: 1 ppm (rats) and 0.2 ppm (monkeys). In hamsters, essentially no relevant effects were observed at 3 ppm under these conditions. 2nd study: Monticello et al., 1996 Guideline: no Species/strain: Rats (Fischer 344) Group size: 90-147 males per group Test substance: Formaldehyde gas was generated via thermal depolymerisation of paraformaldehyde Batch: no data Purity: no data; CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"effects at 0.2 and 1 ppm.","duration":"26 weeks","effect":"effects at 0.2 and 1 ppm. At 3 ppm clinical symptoms (hoarseness, congestion, nasal discharge) were reported. In addition, squamous metaplasia and hyperplasia were observed in nasoturbinates of all animals (6/6), but not in other parts of the respiratory tract. In 1 out of 6 animals the same lesions in the nasal cavity were observable already at 1 ppm. Conclusions: The repeated inhalation of formaldehyde up to 3 ppm for 26 weeks induced only local effects in the epithelia of the nasal cavity of rats and monkeys. NOAEL in this study: 1 ppm (rats) and 0.2 ppm (monkeys). In hamsters, essentially no relevant effects were observed at 3 ppm under these conditions. 2nd study: Monticello et al., 1996 Guideline: no Species/strain: Rats (Fischer 344) Group size: 90-147 males per group Test substance: Formaldehyde gas was generated via thermal depolymerisation of paraformaldehyde Batch: no data Purity: no data","endpoint":"","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"ppm","noael_value":"1","page":38,"route":"inhalation","species":"rat","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_014"} |
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | - | 1 | ppm | rat | inhalation | - | - | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=1; DOSE=A strong increase in tumor incidence in the nasal cavity (mainly squamous cell carcinoma) was noted at 10 and 15 ppm.; EFFECT=se. A strong increase in tumor incidence in the nasal cavity (mainly squamous cell carcinoma) was noted at 10 and 15 ppm. Dose-dependent effects on cell proliferation were detected only at ≥10 ppm. Conclusions: Long-term inhalation against formaldehyde led to lesions in the nasal cavity including tumor formation at 6 ppm. Steep increases in cell proliferation and tumor incidence occurred at ≥10 ppm. NOAEL in this study: 2 ppm. Another study in rats (Kamata et al., 1997) delivered some additional evidence that the NOAEL for the inhalation route may well below 1 ppm. The summary of this study is given in the table below (taken from Schulte et al., 2006): At dose levels above 1 ppm the severity of lesions in the respiratory epithelium were dose- dependent. Not only the anterior part of the nasal cavity but also more proximal parts of the upper respiratory tract were affected with increasing formaldehyde concentrations, e.g., olfactory epithelium, larynx, trachea, and bronchus. One study in rats revealed that the concentration ra; CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"A strong increase in tumor incidence in the nasal cavity (mainly squamous cell carcinoma) was noted at 10 and 15 ppm.","duration":"","effect":"se. A strong increase in tumor incidence in the nasal cavity (mainly squamous cell carcinoma) was noted at 10 and 15 ppm. Dose-dependent effects on cell proliferation were detected only at ≥10 ppm. Conclusions: Long-term inhalation against formaldehyde led to lesions in the nasal cavity including tumor formation at 6 ppm. Steep increases in cell proliferation and tumor incidence occurred at ≥10 ppm. NOAEL in this study: 2 ppm. Another study in rats (Kamata et al., 1997) delivered some additional evidence that the NOAEL for the inhalation route may well below 1 ppm. The summary of this study is given in the table below (taken from Schulte et al., 2006): At dose levels above 1 ppm the severity of lesions in the respiratory epithelium were dose- dependent. Not only the anterior part of the nasal cavity but also more proximal parts of the upper respiratory tract were affected with increasing formaldehyde concentrations, e.g., olfactory epithelium, larynx, trachea, and bronchus. One study in rats revealed that the concentration ra","endpoint":"","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"ppm","noael_value":"1","page":39,"route":"inhalation","species":"rat","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_016"} |
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | - | 2 | ppm | rat | inhalation | 1 day | - | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=2; DOSE=ed no alteration of the proliferation index at 0.7 and 2 ppm in any group.; EFFECT=ed no alteration of the proliferation index at 0.7 and 2 ppm in any group. Significant effects were reported at a dose level of ≥ 6 ppm and exposure periods ≥ 1 day. At 6 ppm, an anterior-posterior gradient was also measured using the parameter proliferation index. Conclusions: The repeated inhalation of formaldehyde concentrations of up to 15 ppm for 6 h/day up to 6 weeks induced lesions of the respiratory epithelium of the nasal cavity consisting of hyperplasia and metaplasia associated with cell proliferation. NOAEL in this study: 2 ppm. 2nd study: Woutersen et al., 1987 Guideline: OECD TG 413 Species/strain: Rats (Wistar) Group size: 10 males and 10 females per group Test substance: Formaldehyde gas was generated via thermal depolymerisation of paraformaldehyde 97-99% Batch: no data Purity: 97-99% Vehicle: no Dose levels: 0, 1, 10, 20 ppm Route: Inhalation Exposure: 13 weeks, 6 h/day, 5 days/week Administration: Whole body inhalation GLP: no Study period: 13 weeks (90 days) Results: No premature death in any group. Disc; CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"ed no alteration of the proliferation index at 0.7 and 2 ppm in any group.","duration":"1 day","effect":"ed no alteration of the proliferation index at 0.7 and 2 ppm in any group. Significant effects were reported at a dose level of ≥ 6 ppm and exposure periods ≥ 1 day. At 6 ppm, an anterior-posterior gradient was also measured using the parameter proliferation index. Conclusions: The repeated inhalation of formaldehyde concentrations of up to 15 ppm for 6 h/day up to 6 weeks induced lesions of the respiratory epithelium of the nasal cavity consisting of hyperplasia and metaplasia associated with cell proliferation. NOAEL in this study: 2 ppm. 2nd study: Woutersen et al., 1987 Guideline: OECD TG 413 Species/strain: Rats (Wistar) Group size: 10 males and 10 females per group Test substance: Formaldehyde gas was generated via thermal depolymerisation of paraformaldehyde 97-99% Batch: no data Purity: 97-99% Vehicle: no Dose levels: 0, 1, 10, 20 ppm Route: Inhalation Exposure: 13 weeks, 6 h/day, 5 days/week Administration: Whole body inhalation GLP: no Study period: 13 weeks (90 days) Results: No premature death in any group. Disc","endpoint":"","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"ppm","noael_value":"2","page":35,"route":"inhalation","species":"rat","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_008"} |
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | - | 10 | mg/kg bw/day | - | dermal | 12 months | - | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=10; DOSE=xposure against formaldehyde at levels up to 125 mg/kg bw/day and 300 mg/kg bw/day, respectively.; EFFECT=xposure against formaldehyde at levels up to 125 mg/kg bw/day and 300 mg/kg bw/day, respectively. Tobe et al. (1989) reported at the high dose level (300 mg/kg bw/day) in both sexes a 50% decrease in food and water intake, a reduced body weight gain, and an increased mortality (approximately 50% after 12 months). Here, forestomach squamous cell hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis was observed as well as erosions and/or ulcer. One male and one female of the mid dose group (50 mg/kg bw/day) revealed with similar lesions. NOAEL in this study: 10 mg/kg bw/day. 4.1.7.3.2 Dermal route (no guideline conform study available); CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"xposure against formaldehyde at levels up to 125 mg/kg bw/day and 300 mg/kg bw/day, respectively.","duration":"12 months","effect":"xposure against formaldehyde at levels up to 125 mg/kg bw/day and 300 mg/kg bw/day, respectively. Tobe et al. (1989) reported at the high dose level (300 mg/kg bw/day) in both sexes a 50% decrease in food and water intake, a reduced body weight gain, and an increased mortality (approximately 50% after 12 months). Here, forestomach squamous cell hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis was observed as well as erosions and/or ulcer. One male and one female of the mid dose group (50 mg/kg bw/day) revealed with similar lesions. NOAEL in this study: 10 mg/kg bw/day. 4.1.7.3.2 Dermal route (no guideline conform study available)","endpoint":"","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"mg/kg bw/day","noael_value":"10","page":37,"route":"dermal","species":"","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_012"} |
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | carcinogenicity | 4 | ppm | mouse | oral | Chronic | carcinogenicity | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=4; DOSE=Dose- dependent gradient of epithelial effects: nasal cavity (affected at 10 ppm), larynx/trachea (affected at 20 ppm), and bronchi (affected at 40 ppm).; EFFECT=the nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, and lung. Dose- dependent gradient of epithelial effects: nasal cavity (affected at 10 ppm), larynx/trachea (affected at 20 ppm), and bronchi (affected at 40 ppm). At 10 ppm squamous metaplasia was restricted to the anterior nasal cavity. Conclusions: Repeated inhalation of 40 ppm formaldehyde led to premature death in mice. At 10 ppm squamous metaplasia was found in the anterior part of the nasal cavity (both sexes). Severity and posterior extension increased dose-dependently. NOAEL in this study: 4 ppm. 4.1.7.3 Chronic (> 12 months) toxicity 4.1.7.3.1 Oral route The potential of formaldehyde to induce systemic effects including carcinogenicity in experimental animals was addressed in several long-term studies using the oral route. However, these studies were conducted in the 1980s and none of them is in full compliance to current standard requirements on such studies. Summary (taken from Schulte et al., 2006): In the studies of Til et al. (1989) and Tobe et al. (1989), no treatment-r; CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"Dose- dependent gradient of epithelial effects: nasal cavity (affected at 10 ppm), larynx/trachea (affected at 20 ppm), and bronchi (affected at 40 ppm).","duration":"Chronic","effect":"the nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, and lung. Dose- dependent gradient of epithelial effects: nasal cavity (affected at 10 ppm), larynx/trachea (affected at 20 ppm), and bronchi (affected at 40 ppm). At 10 ppm squamous metaplasia was restricted to the anterior nasal cavity. Conclusions: Repeated inhalation of 40 ppm formaldehyde led to premature death in mice. At 10 ppm squamous metaplasia was found in the anterior part of the nasal cavity (both sexes). Severity and posterior extension increased dose-dependently. NOAEL in this study: 4 ppm. 4.1.7.3 Chronic (> 12 months) toxicity 4.1.7.3.1 Oral route The potential of formaldehyde to induce systemic effects including carcinogenicity in experimental animals was addressed in several long-term studies using the oral route. However, these studies were conducted in the 1980s and none of them is in full compliance to current standard requirements on such studies. Summary (taken from Schulte et al., 2006): In the studies of Til et al. (1989) and Tobe et al. (1989), no treatment-r","endpoint":"carcinogenicity","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"ppm","noael_value":"4","page":37,"route":"oral","species":"mouse","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_011"} |
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | carcinogenicity | 10 | ppm | rat | inhalation | - | carcinogenicity | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=10; DOSE=A strong increase in tumor incidence in the nasal cavity (mainly squamous cell carcinoma) was noted at 10 and 15 ppm.; EFFECT=te, squamous metaplasia, hyperplasia in the anterior part of the nasal cavity as well as minimal carcinogenic response. A strong increase in tumor incidence in the nasal cavity (mainly squamous cell carcinoma) was noted at 10 and 15 ppm. Dose-dependent effects on cell proliferation were detected only at ≥10 ppm. Conclusions: Long-term inhalation against formaldehyde led to lesions in the nasal cavity including tumor formation at 6 ppm. Steep increases in cell proliferation and tumor incidence occurred at ≥10 ppm. NOAEL in this study: 2 ppm. Another study in rats (Kamata et al., 1997) delivered some additional evidence that the NOAEL for the inhalation route may well below 1 ppm. The summary of this study is given in the table below (taken from Schulte et al., 2006): At dose levels above 1 ppm the severity of lesions in the respiratory epithelium were dose- dependent. Not only the anterior part of the nasal cavity but also more proximal parts of the upper respiratory tract were affected with increasing formaldehyde concentrati; CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"A strong increase in tumor incidence in the nasal cavity (mainly squamous cell carcinoma) was noted at 10 and 15 ppm.","duration":"","effect":"te, squamous metaplasia, hyperplasia in the anterior part of the nasal cavity as well as minimal carcinogenic response. A strong increase in tumor incidence in the nasal cavity (mainly squamous cell carcinoma) was noted at 10 and 15 ppm. Dose-dependent effects on cell proliferation were detected only at ≥10 ppm. Conclusions: Long-term inhalation against formaldehyde led to lesions in the nasal cavity including tumor formation at 6 ppm. Steep increases in cell proliferation and tumor incidence occurred at ≥10 ppm. NOAEL in this study: 2 ppm. Another study in rats (Kamata et al., 1997) delivered some additional evidence that the NOAEL for the inhalation route may well below 1 ppm. The summary of this study is given in the table below (taken from Schulte et al., 2006): At dose levels above 1 ppm the severity of lesions in the respiratory epithelium were dose- dependent. Not only the anterior part of the nasal cavity but also more proximal parts of the upper respiratory tract were affected with increasing formaldehyde concentrati","endpoint":"carcinogenicity","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"ppm","noael_value":"10","page":39,"route":"inhalation","species":"rat","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_015"} |
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | carcinogenicity | 15 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | - | carcinogenicity | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=15; DOSE=Based on the observed non-neoplastic lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL of 15 mg/kg bw/day in males and 21 mg/kg bw/day in females has been derived.; EFFECT=SCCS/1538/14 Revision of the Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 11 can express its genotoxicity systemically in mice under certain circumstances. Carcinogenicity: Based on the observed non-neoplastic lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL of 15 mg/kg bw/day in males and 21 mg/kg bw/day in females has been derived. The overall conclusion from animal studies point to a low potential for toxicity and to insufficient evidence for local and systemic carcinogenicity of formaldehyde exerted via long-term oral exposure. In terms of dermal exposure, some specialised animal studies demonstrate local irritation, but no tumourigenicity in skin. Although formaldehyde has significantly reduced the latency time until the onset of tumours in an initiation/promotio; CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"Based on the observed non-neoplastic lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL of 15 mg/kg bw/day in males and 21 mg/kg bw/day in females has been derived.","duration":"","effect":"SCCS/1538/14 Revision of the Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 11 can express its genotoxicity systemically in mice under certain circumstances. Carcinogenicity: Based on the observed non-neoplastic lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL of 15 mg/kg bw/day in males and 21 mg/kg bw/day in females has been derived. The overall conclusion from animal studies point to a low potential for toxicity and to insufficient evidence for local and systemic carcinogenicity of formaldehyde exerted via long-term oral exposure. In terms of dermal exposure, some specialised animal studies demonstrate local irritation, but no tumourigenicity in skin. Although formaldehyde has significantly reduced the latency time until the onset of tumours in an initiation/promotio","endpoint":"carcinogenicity","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"mg/kg bw/day","noael_value":"15","page":11,"route":"oral","species":"rat","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_004"} |
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | carcinogenicity | 15 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | - | carcinogenicity | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=15; DOSE=Several non-neoplastic lesions of the forestomach and glandular stomach were observed in animals treated with the highest doses.; EFFECT=2002, Schulte et al., 2006, ECHA, 2012a,b). Summary on oral carcinogenicity in animals: No evidence of carcinogenicity was observed in male or female Wistar rats receiving formaldehyde in the drinking water for two years. Several non-neoplastic lesions of the forestomach and glandular stomach were observed in animals treated with the highest doses. The lesions were characterized as squamous cell hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis and basal cell hyperplasia. Based on lesions of the forestomach and glandular stomach, the NOAEL was derived at 15 mg/kg bw/day in males and 21 mg/kg bw/day in females (Til et al., 1989). Neither treatment-related systemic carcinogenic effects nor local carcinogenic effects in the gastrointestinal tract were reported (Til et al. 1989, Tobe et al. 1989). However, in the drinking water studies presented by the group of Soffritti et al. increased incidences of tumors in the gastrointestinal tract of Sprague-Dawley rats were found at doses of up to 2500 mg/l. Due to the limitations of these studies and the strong; CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"Several non-neoplastic lesions of the forestomach and glandular stomach were observed in animals treated with the highest doses.","duration":"","effect":"2002, Schulte et al., 2006, ECHA, 2012a,b). Summary on oral carcinogenicity in animals: No evidence of carcinogenicity was observed in male or female Wistar rats receiving formaldehyde in the drinking water for two years. Several non-neoplastic lesions of the forestomach and glandular stomach were observed in animals treated with the highest doses. The lesions were characterized as squamous cell hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis and basal cell hyperplasia. Based on lesions of the forestomach and glandular stomach, the NOAEL was derived at 15 mg/kg bw/day in males and 21 mg/kg bw/day in females (Til et al., 1989). Neither treatment-related systemic carcinogenic effects nor local carcinogenic effects in the gastrointestinal tract were reported (Til et al. 1989, Tobe et al. 1989). However, in the drinking water studies presented by the group of Soffritti et al. increased incidences of tumors in the gastrointestinal tract of Sprague-Dawley rats were found at doses of up to 2500 mg/l. Due to the limitations of these studies and the strong","endpoint":"carcinogenicity","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"mg/kg bw/day","noael_value":"15","page":48,"route":"oral","species":"rat","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_021"} |
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | carcinogenicity | 21 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | chronic | carcinogenicity | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=21; DOSE=h (chronic atrophic gastritis, ulceration and hyperplasia) of males and females in the high dose group.; EFFECT=h (chronic atrophic gastritis, ulceration and hyperplasia) of males and females in the high dose group. No gastric tumors were induced. This study did not provide any evidence of carcinogenicity in rats after long-term oral administration of formaldehyde. Conclusions: Formaldehyde administration via drinking water to male and female rats for up to two years was without mortality and carcinogenicity. The long-term exposure induced local effects in the stomach likely due to the irritative potential of formaldehyde. NOAEL in this study: 15 and 21 mg/kg bw/day (mean doses) in males and females, respectively.; CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"h (chronic atrophic gastritis, ulceration and hyperplasia) of males and females in the high dose group.","duration":"chronic","effect":"h (chronic atrophic gastritis, ulceration and hyperplasia) of males and females in the high dose group. No gastric tumors were induced. This study did not provide any evidence of carcinogenicity in rats after long-term oral administration of formaldehyde. Conclusions: Formaldehyde administration via drinking water to male and female rats for up to two years was without mortality and carcinogenicity. The long-term exposure induced local effects in the stomach likely due to the irritative potential of formaldehyde. NOAEL in this study: 15 and 21 mg/kg bw/day (mean doses) in males and females, respectively.","endpoint":"carcinogenicity","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"mg/kg bw/day","noael_value":"21","page":46,"route":"oral","species":"rat","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_020"} |
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | developmental toxicity | 5 | ppm | rat | inhalation | - | developmental toxicity | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=5; DOSE=SCCS/1538/14 Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 61 ppm formaldehyde for 6 h/day from gestational day 6 to 15) showed a NOAEL for maternal toxicity (reduced food consumption) at 5 ppm but no teratogenic effect at 10 ppm (Mar...; EFFECT=SCCS/1538/14 Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 61 ppm formaldehyde for 6 h/day from gestational day 6 to 15) showed a NOAEL for maternal toxicity (reduced food consumption) at 5 ppm but no teratogenic effect at 10 ppm (Martin, 1990). In a more recent study (Carmines & Rajendran, 2008) pregnant rats exposed to the mixture of 1 mg/m3 formaldehyde (0.8 ppm), 41 mg/m3 acetaldehyde (23 ppm) and 4 mg/m3 acrolein (1.7 ppm) by inhalation revealed without any adverse effect on the dams or its offspring. Although embryo culture studies clearly demonstrated the ex vivo embryotoxicity of formaldehyde (Hansen et al., 2005), such effects have never; CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"SCCS/1538/14 Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 61 ppm formaldehyde for 6 h/day from gestational day 6 to 15) showed a NOAEL for maternal toxicity (reduced food consumption) at 5 ppm but no teratogenic effect at 10 ppm (Mar...","duration":"","effect":"SCCS/1538/14 Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 61 ppm formaldehyde for 6 h/day from gestational day 6 to 15) showed a NOAEL for maternal toxicity (reduced food consumption) at 5 ppm but no teratogenic effect at 10 ppm (Martin, 1990). In a more recent study (Carmines & Rajendran, 2008) pregnant rats exposed to the mixture of 1 mg/m3 formaldehyde (0.8 ppm), 41 mg/m3 acetaldehyde (23 ppm) and 4 mg/m3 acrolein (1.7 ppm) by inhalation revealed without any adverse effect on the dams or its offspring. Although embryo culture studies clearly demonstrated the ex vivo embryotoxicity of formaldehyde (Hansen et al., 2005), such effects have never","endpoint":"developmental toxicity","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"ppm","noael_value":"5","page":61,"route":"inhalation","species":"rat","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_022"} |
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | genotoxicity | 0.3 | ppm | rat | oral | - | genotoxicity | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=0.3; DOSE=icity studies, based on local lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day.; EFFECT=icity studies, based on local lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day. In the skin, irritating effects were observed at ≥0.5% formaldehyde. Currently there is no evidence that systemic effects would occur after repeated dermal application of this compound. In rodents and monkeys the respiratory epithelium in the nasal cavity was shown to be the most sensitive site when formaldehyde is being administered via inhalation (induction of squamous metaplasia and hyperplasia). The lowest NOAEL observed in one of the published studies was 0.3 ppm in rats and 0.2 ppm in monkeys. Mutagenicity and genotoxicity: Formaldehyde has been demonstrated as being genotoxic and mutagenic in vitro as well as in vivo at local sites of exposure, both in animals and humans. Oral studies in experimental animals at high doses did not show systemic genotoxicity or mutagenicity. For the inhalation route, however, the situation is less clear: whereas the majority of studies with rats and monkeys were negative, there is curre; CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"icity studies, based on local lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day.","duration":"","effect":"icity studies, based on local lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day. In the skin, irritating effects were observed at ≥0.5% formaldehyde. Currently there is no evidence that systemic effects would occur after repeated dermal application of this compound. In rodents and monkeys the respiratory epithelium in the nasal cavity was shown to be the most sensitive site when formaldehyde is being administered via inhalation (induction of squamous metaplasia and hyperplasia). The lowest NOAEL observed in one of the published studies was 0.3 ppm in rats and 0.2 ppm in monkeys. Mutagenicity and genotoxicity: Formaldehyde has been demonstrated as being genotoxic and mutagenic in vitro as well as in vivo at local sites of exposure, both in animals and humans. Oral studies in experimental animals at high doses did not show systemic genotoxicity or mutagenicity. For the inhalation route, however, the situation is less clear: whereas the majority of studies with rats and monkeys were negative, there is curre","endpoint":"genotoxicity","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"ppm","noael_value":"0.3","page":10,"route":"oral","species":"rat","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_003"} |
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | genotoxicity | 0.3 | ppm | rat | dermal | - | genotoxicity | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=0.3; DOSE=The lowest NOAEL observed in one of the studies published is 0.3 ppm in rats (Kamata et al., 1997), and 0.2 ppm in monkeys (Rusch et al., 1983).; EFFECT=(OECD, 2002) there is evidence for local irritation at ≥0.5% formaldehyde. Based on the data available there is no evidence that systemic effects would occur after repeated dermal application of formaldehyde (for sensitisation potential cf. 3.3.3.). Inhalation route: In rats, mice, and monkeys the respiratory epithelium in the nasal cavity was shown to be the most sensitive site. In rats and monkeys squamous metaplasia and hyperplasia were reported, in mice rhinitis, dysplasia and squamous metaplasia. The lowest NOAEL observed in one of the studies published is 0.3 ppm in rats (Kamata et al., 1997), and 0.2 ppm in monkeys (Rusch et al., 1983). In rats, the majority of studies point to 1 ppm (1.23 mg/m3) as NOAEL though. 4.1.8 Mutagenicity / Genotoxicity A variety of genotoxic endpoints was investigated in in vitro assays to assess the genotoxic /mutagenic potential of formaldehyde (IARC, 1995; IPCS, 2002). The results demonstrate that formaldehyde is genotoxic to bacteria as well as to mammalian cells in culture, including; CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"The lowest NOAEL observed in one of the studies published is 0.3 ppm in rats (Kamata et al., 1997), and 0.2 ppm in monkeys (Rusch et al., 1983).","duration":"","effect":"(OECD, 2002) there is evidence for local irritation at ≥0.5% formaldehyde. Based on the data available there is no evidence that systemic effects would occur after repeated dermal application of formaldehyde (for sensitisation potential cf. 3.3.3.). Inhalation route: In rats, mice, and monkeys the respiratory epithelium in the nasal cavity was shown to be the most sensitive site. In rats and monkeys squamous metaplasia and hyperplasia were reported, in mice rhinitis, dysplasia and squamous metaplasia. The lowest NOAEL observed in one of the studies published is 0.3 ppm in rats (Kamata et al., 1997), and 0.2 ppm in monkeys (Rusch et al., 1983). In rats, the majority of studies point to 1 ppm (1.23 mg/m3) as NOAEL though. 4.1.8 Mutagenicity / Genotoxicity A variety of genotoxic endpoints was investigated in in vitro assays to assess the genotoxic /mutagenic potential of formaldehyde (IARC, 1995; IPCS, 2002). The results demonstrate that formaldehyde is genotoxic to bacteria as well as to mammalian cells in culture, including","endpoint":"genotoxicity","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"ppm","noael_value":"0.3","page":40,"route":"dermal","species":"rat","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_018"} |
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | genotoxicity | 1 | ppm | rat | inhalation | - | genotoxicity | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=1; DOSE=The lowest NOAEL observed in one of the studies published is 0.3 ppm in rats (Kamata et al., 1997), and 0.2 ppm in monkeys (Rusch et al., 1983).; EFFECT=rmaldehyde (for sensitisation potential cf. 3.3.3.). Inhalation route: In rats, mice, and monkeys the respiratory epithelium in the nasal cavity was shown to be the most sensitive site. In rats and monkeys squamous metaplasia and hyperplasia were reported, in mice rhinitis, dysplasia and squamous metaplasia. The lowest NOAEL observed in one of the studies published is 0.3 ppm in rats (Kamata et al., 1997), and 0.2 ppm in monkeys (Rusch et al., 1983). In rats, the majority of studies point to 1 ppm (1.23 mg/m3) as NOAEL though. 4.1.8 Mutagenicity / Genotoxicity A variety of genotoxic endpoints was investigated in in vitro assays to assess the genotoxic /mutagenic potential of formaldehyde (IARC, 1995; IPCS, 2002). The results demonstrate that formaldehyde is genotoxic to bacteria as well as to mammalian cells in culture, including nasal epithelial cells. In mammalian cells the positive genotoxic endpoints include structural chromosomal aberrations, sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE), gene mutations, DNA strand breaks, DNA prote; CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"The lowest NOAEL observed in one of the studies published is 0.3 ppm in rats (Kamata et al., 1997), and 0.2 ppm in monkeys (Rusch et al., 1983).","duration":"","effect":"rmaldehyde (for sensitisation potential cf. 3.3.3.). Inhalation route: In rats, mice, and monkeys the respiratory epithelium in the nasal cavity was shown to be the most sensitive site. In rats and monkeys squamous metaplasia and hyperplasia were reported, in mice rhinitis, dysplasia and squamous metaplasia. The lowest NOAEL observed in one of the studies published is 0.3 ppm in rats (Kamata et al., 1997), and 0.2 ppm in monkeys (Rusch et al., 1983). In rats, the majority of studies point to 1 ppm (1.23 mg/m3) as NOAEL though. 4.1.8 Mutagenicity / Genotoxicity A variety of genotoxic endpoints was investigated in in vitro assays to assess the genotoxic /mutagenic potential of formaldehyde (IARC, 1995; IPCS, 2002). The results demonstrate that formaldehyde is genotoxic to bacteria as well as to mammalian cells in culture, including nasal epithelial cells. In mammalian cells the positive genotoxic endpoints include structural chromosomal aberrations, sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE), gene mutations, DNA strand breaks, DNA prote","endpoint":"genotoxicity","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"ppm","noael_value":"1","page":40,"route":"inhalation","species":"rat","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_019"} |
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | irritation | 0.08 | ppm | - | - | - | irritation | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=0.08; DOSE=The NOAEL of 600 μg/m3 for the eye blink response is adjusted using an assessment factor of 5, derived from the standard deviation of nasal pungency (sensory irritation) thresholds, leading to a value of 120 μg/m3, which has been rounded down to 100 μg/m3 (0.08 ppm).; EFFECT=Air Guideline Level based on the following observation: “Increases in eye blink frequency and conjunctival redness appear at a concentration of 600 μg/m3", which was then considered the NOAEL. There is no indication of accumulation of effects over time with prolonged exposure. The perception of odour may result in some individuals reporting subjective sensory irritation, and individuals may perceive formaldehyde at concentrations below 100 μg/m3. However, this is not considered to be an adverse health effect. The NOAEL of 600 μg/m3 for the eye blink response is adjusted using an assessment factor of 5, derived from the standard deviation of nasal pungency (sensory irritation) thresholds, leading to a value of 120 μg/m3, which has been rounded down to 100 μg/m3 (0.08 ppm). Neither increased sensitivity nor sensitisation is considered plausible at such indoor concentrations in adults and children. This value is thus considered valid for short-term (30-min) duration, and this threshold should not be exceeded at any 30-min interval; CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"The NOAEL of 600 μg/m3 for the eye blink response is adjusted using an assessment factor of 5, derived from the standard deviation of nasal pungency (sensory irritation) thresholds, leading to a value of 120 μg/m3, which has been rounded down to 100 μg/m3 (0.08 ppm).","duration":"","effect":"Air Guideline Level based on the following observation: “Increases in eye blink frequency and conjunctival redness appear at a concentration of 600 μg/m3\", which was then considered the NOAEL. There is no indication of accumulation of effects over time with prolonged exposure. The perception of odour may result in some individuals reporting subjective sensory irritation, and individuals may perceive formaldehyde at concentrations below 100 μg/m3. However, this is not considered to be an adverse health effect. The NOAEL of 600 μg/m3 for the eye blink response is adjusted using an assessment factor of 5, derived from the standard deviation of nasal pungency (sensory irritation) thresholds, leading to a value of 120 μg/m3, which has been rounded down to 100 μg/m3 (0.08 ppm). Neither increased sensitivity nor sensitisation is considered plausible at such indoor concentrations in adults and children. This value is thus considered valid for short-term (30-min) duration, and this threshold should not be exceeded at any 30-min interval","endpoint":"irritation","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"ppm","noael_value":"0.08","page":12,"route":"","species":"","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_006"} |
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | irritation | 0.5 | ppm | - | - | - | irritation | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=0.5; DOSE=eye irritation occurred at 0.5 ppm but odour was detected; dose-dependent eye irritation was reported at ≥1 ppm for 3 h (Kulle et al., 1987, Kulle, 1993).; EFFECT=eye irritation occurred at 0.5 ppm but odour was detected; dose-dependent eye irritation was reported at ≥1 ppm for 3 h (Kulle et al., 1987, Kulle, 1993). Besides subjective rating of symptoms as investigated in the studies mentioned, also objective ratings for eye irritation (conjunctival redness and eye blinking frequency) have been investigated. Healthy volunteers were exposed to 0, 0.15, 0.3 ppm, 0.3 ppm plus 4 peaks of 0.6 ppm, 0.5 ppm, or 0.5 ppm plus 4 peaks to 1.0 ppm (Lang et al., 2008). In this study the NOAEL was 0.5 ppm for the objective measures (the LOAEL was reached at additional peaks of 1 ppm) while very slight subjective symptoms (probably influenced by the perception of the odour of formaldehyde) were reported already at 0.3 ppm. No subjective symptoms were noted at 0.15 ppm. The authors stated that “the subjective complaints of ocular and nasal irritation noted at lower levels were not paralleled by; CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"eye irritation occurred at 0.5 ppm but odour was detected; dose-dependent eye irritation was reported at ≥1 ppm for 3 h (Kulle et al., 1987, Kulle, 1993).","duration":"","effect":"eye irritation occurred at 0.5 ppm but odour was detected; dose-dependent eye irritation was reported at ≥1 ppm for 3 h (Kulle et al., 1987, Kulle, 1993). Besides subjective rating of symptoms as investigated in the studies mentioned, also objective ratings for eye irritation (conjunctival redness and eye blinking frequency) have been investigated. Healthy volunteers were exposed to 0, 0.15, 0.3 ppm, 0.3 ppm plus 4 peaks of 0.6 ppm, 0.5 ppm, or 0.5 ppm plus 4 peaks to 1.0 ppm (Lang et al., 2008). In this study the NOAEL was 0.5 ppm for the objective measures (the LOAEL was reached at additional peaks of 1 ppm) while very slight subjective symptoms (probably influenced by the perception of the odour of formaldehyde) were reported already at 0.3 ppm. No subjective symptoms were noted at 0.15 ppm. The authors stated that “the subjective complaints of ocular and nasal irritation noted at lower levels were not paralleled by","endpoint":"irritation","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"ppm","noael_value":"0.5","page":72,"route":"","species":"","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_024"} |
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | irritation | 0.5 | ppm | human | - | - | irritation | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=0.5; DOSE=They concluded that the NOEL for subjective and objective eye irritation was 0.5 ppm in case of a constant exposure level.; EFFECT=SCCS/1538/14 Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 73 objective measurements of eye and nasal irritation and were strongly influenced by personality factors and smell”. They concluded that the NOEL for subjective and objective eye irritation was 0.5 ppm in case of a constant exposure level. The overall NOAEL in this study is 0.5 ppm without exposure peaks and 0.3 ppm with exposure peaks of 0.6 ppm. The odour threshold in most humans is below 1 ppm. However, the individual detection threshold covers a wide range in several studies available on this endpoint. In a group of 50 subjects the 50-percentile detection threshold was 0.145 ppm, the 10-percentile detection threshold 0.020 ppm and the 90-percentile thre; CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"They concluded that the NOEL for subjective and objective eye irritation was 0.5 ppm in case of a constant exposure level.","duration":"","effect":"SCCS/1538/14 Opinion on the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 73 objective measurements of eye and nasal irritation and were strongly influenced by personality factors and smell”. They concluded that the NOEL for subjective and objective eye irritation was 0.5 ppm in case of a constant exposure level. The overall NOAEL in this study is 0.5 ppm without exposure peaks and 0.3 ppm with exposure peaks of 0.6 ppm. The odour threshold in most humans is below 1 ppm. However, the individual detection threshold covers a wide range in several studies available on this endpoint. In a group of 50 subjects the 50-percentile detection threshold was 0.145 ppm, the 10-percentile detection threshold 0.020 ppm and the 90-percentile thre","endpoint":"irritation","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"ppm","noael_value":"0.5","page":73,"route":"","species":"human","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_025"} |
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | irritation | 1 | ppm | rat | inhalation | 13 weeks | irritation | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=1; DOSE=At 10 ppm, focal squamous metaplasia, hyperplasia, and keratinisation were detected in the nasal respiratory epithelium of both sexes.; EFFECT=_____________________________________________________________________ 36 larynx. At 10 ppm, focal squamous metaplasia, hyperplasia, and keratinisation were detected in the nasal respiratory epithelium of both sexes. Conclusions: Inhalation of formaldehyde for 13 weeks led to minor systemic effects at 20 ppm only. The predominant effects consisted of local respiratory tract irritation in the nasal cavity at 10 ppm and larynx at 20 ppm consisting of hyperplasia and metaplasia associated with cell proliferation. NOAEL in this study: 1 ppm in both sexes. 3rd study: Wilmer et al., 1989 Guideline: no Species/strain: Rats (Wistar) Group size: 25 males per group Test substance: Formaldehyde gas was generated via thermal depolymerisation of paraformaldehyde (97-99%) Batch: no data Purity: 97-99% Vehicle: no Dose levels: 0, 1, 2 ppm (continuously), 0, 2, 4 ppm (intermittent) Route: Inhalation Exposure: 13 weeks, 8 h/day, 5 days/week (continuously), or 8 x 30 min with 30 min non-exposure after each exposure period, 5 days/week (inte; CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"At 10 ppm, focal squamous metaplasia, hyperplasia, and keratinisation were detected in the nasal respiratory epithelium of both sexes.","duration":"13 weeks","effect":"_____________________________________________________________________ 36 larynx. At 10 ppm, focal squamous metaplasia, hyperplasia, and keratinisation were detected in the nasal respiratory epithelium of both sexes. Conclusions: Inhalation of formaldehyde for 13 weeks led to minor systemic effects at 20 ppm only. The predominant effects consisted of local respiratory tract irritation in the nasal cavity at 10 ppm and larynx at 20 ppm consisting of hyperplasia and metaplasia associated with cell proliferation. NOAEL in this study: 1 ppm in both sexes. 3rd study: Wilmer et al., 1989 Guideline: no Species/strain: Rats (Wistar) Group size: 25 males per group Test substance: Formaldehyde gas was generated via thermal depolymerisation of paraformaldehyde (97-99%) Batch: no data Purity: 97-99% Vehicle: no Dose levels: 0, 1, 2 ppm (continuously), 0, 2, 4 ppm (intermittent) Route: Inhalation Exposure: 13 weeks, 8 h/day, 5 days/week (continuously), or 8 x 30 min with 30 min non-exposure after each exposure period, 5 days/week (inte","endpoint":"irritation","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"ppm","noael_value":"1","page":36,"route":"inhalation","species":"rat","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_009"} |
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | irritation | 2 | ppm | mouse | inhalation | 13 weeks | irritation | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=2; DOSE=No such effects were seen with continuous exposure to 2 ppm although the product of concentration and time was the same (16 ppm x h/day).; EFFECT=ted in disarrangement, squamous metaplasia with and without keratinisation, and basal cell hyperplasia in the nasal cavity. No such effects were seen with continuous exposure to 2 ppm although the product of concentration and time was the same (16 ppm x h/day). This suggests that the concentration is more important than the “dose” for inducing these effects. Conclusions: Repeated inhalation of formaldehyde at 4 ppm led to no signs of systemic toxicity but to local respiratory tract irritation in the nasal cavity. NOAEL in this study: 2 ppm. 4th study: Maronpot et al., 1986 Guideline: OECD TG 413 Species/strain: Mice (B6C3F1) Group size: 10 males and 10 females per group Test substance: aqueous formaldehyde (aerolized by nebulisers) Batch: no data Purity: no data Vehicle: water Dose levels: 0, 2, 4, 10, 20, 40 ppm Route: Inhalation Exposure: 13 weeks, 6 h/day, 5 days/week Administration: Whole body inhalation GLP: no Study period: 13 weeks (90 days); CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"No such effects were seen with continuous exposure to 2 ppm although the product of concentration and time was the same (16 ppm x h/day).","duration":"13 weeks","effect":"ted in disarrangement, squamous metaplasia with and without keratinisation, and basal cell hyperplasia in the nasal cavity. No such effects were seen with continuous exposure to 2 ppm although the product of concentration and time was the same (16 ppm x h/day). This suggests that the concentration is more important than the “dose” for inducing these effects. Conclusions: Repeated inhalation of formaldehyde at 4 ppm led to no signs of systemic toxicity but to local respiratory tract irritation in the nasal cavity. NOAEL in this study: 2 ppm. 4th study: Maronpot et al., 1986 Guideline: OECD TG 413 Species/strain: Mice (B6C3F1) Group size: 10 males and 10 females per group Test substance: aqueous formaldehyde (aerolized by nebulisers) Batch: no data Purity: no data Vehicle: water Dose levels: 0, 2, 4, 10, 20, 40 ppm Route: Inhalation Exposure: 13 weeks, 6 h/day, 5 days/week Administration: Whole body inhalation GLP: no Study period: 13 weeks (90 days)","endpoint":"irritation","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"ppm","noael_value":"2","page":36,"route":"inhalation","species":"mouse","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_010"} |
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | irritation | 25 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | 28 days | irritation | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=25; DOSE=At 125 mg/kg bw, the thickening of the limiting ridge and hyperkeratosis of the forestomach as well as gastritis of the glandular stomach were related to treatment.; EFFECT=of this group. Histopathology showed no findings except lesions of the fore- and glandular stomach consisting of focal hyperkeratosis, focal gastritis and mononuclear cell infiltrates. Conclusions: Formaldehyde administration via the drinking water to male and female rats for 28 days was tolerated without mortality. At 125 mg/kg bw, the thickening of the limiting ridge and hyperkeratosis of the forestomach as well as gastritis of the glandular stomach were related to treatment. Based on this observation, an oral NOAEL can be established at 25 mg/kg bw/day in male and female rats. 4.1.7.1.2 Dermal route (no guideline conform study available) OECD, 2002: Dose finding study in mice. Dermal application of 0.1 ml of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, and 10% formaldehyde solutions (= 0.1 – 10 mg/animal = 3 – 300 mg/kg bw) for 2 – 3 weeks. No systemic effects. Lowest doses with local effects: 0.5% (light irritation, reversible), 1% (mild irritation, starting at week 2). 4.1.7.1.3 Inhalation route (no guideline conform study available) Studies; CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"At 125 mg/kg bw, the thickening of the limiting ridge and hyperkeratosis of the forestomach as well as gastritis of the glandular stomach were related to treatment.","duration":"28 days","effect":"of this group. Histopathology showed no findings except lesions of the fore- and glandular stomach consisting of focal hyperkeratosis, focal gastritis and mononuclear cell infiltrates. Conclusions: Formaldehyde administration via the drinking water to male and female rats for 28 days was tolerated without mortality. At 125 mg/kg bw, the thickening of the limiting ridge and hyperkeratosis of the forestomach as well as gastritis of the glandular stomach were related to treatment. Based on this observation, an oral NOAEL can be established at 25 mg/kg bw/day in male and female rats. 4.1.7.1.2 Dermal route (no guideline conform study available) OECD, 2002: Dose finding study in mice. Dermal application of 0.1 ml of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, and 10% formaldehyde solutions (= 0.1 – 10 mg/animal = 3 – 300 mg/kg bw) for 2 – 3 weeks. No systemic effects. Lowest doses with local effects: 0.5% (light irritation, reversible), 1% (mild irritation, starting at week 2). 4.1.7.1.3 Inhalation route (no guideline conform study available) Studies","endpoint":"irritation","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"mg/kg bw/day","noael_value":"25","page":33,"route":"oral","species":"rat","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_007"} |
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | irritation | 2012 | - | - | - | - | irritation | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=unclear:ition, ECHA’s Committee for Risk Assessment concluded in 2012 that a harmonised classification as Carc Cat 1B H350 (“may cause cancer”) is appropriate (RAC, 2012). Besides skin, formaldehyde is also an irritant of the eyes and of the respiratory tract. In 2010, a WHO working group reassessed and confirmed an earlier derived Indoor Air Guideline Level based on the following observation: “Increases in eye blink frequency and conjunctival redness appear at a concentration of 600 μg/m3", which was then considered the NOAEL. There is no indication of accumulation of effects over time with prolonged exposure. The perception of odour may result in some individuals reporting subjective sensory irritation, and individuals may perceive formaldehyde at concentrations below 100 μg/m3. However, this is not considered to be an adverse health effect. The NOAEL of 600 μg/m3 for the eye blink response is adjusted using an assessment factor of 5, derived from the standard deviation of nasal pungency (sensory irritation) thresholds, leading to a v; EFFECT=ition, ECHA’s Committee for Risk Assessment concluded in 2012 that a harmonised classification as Carc Cat 1B H350 (“may cause cancer”) is appropriate (RAC, 2012). Besides skin, formaldehyde is also an irritant of the eyes and of the respiratory tract. In 2010, a WHO working group reassessed and confirmed an earlier derived Indoor Air Guideline Level based on the following observation: “Increases in eye blink frequency and conjunctival redness appear at a concentration of 600 μg/m3", which was then considered the NOAEL. There is no indication of accumulation of effects over time with prolonged exposure. The perception of odour may result in some individuals reporting subjective sensory irritation, and individuals may perceive formaldehyde at concentrations below 100 μg/m3. However, this is not considered to be an adverse health effect. The NOAEL of 600 μg/m3 for the eye blink response is adjusted using an assessment factor of 5, derived from the standard deviation of nasal pungency (sensory irritation) thresholds, leading to a v; CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"","duration":"","effect":"ition, ECHA’s Committee for Risk Assessment concluded in 2012 that a harmonised classification as Carc Cat 1B H350 (“may cause cancer”) is appropriate (RAC, 2012). Besides skin, formaldehyde is also an irritant of the eyes and of the respiratory tract. In 2010, a WHO working group reassessed and confirmed an earlier derived Indoor Air Guideline Level based on the following observation: “Increases in eye blink frequency and conjunctival redness appear at a concentration of 600 μg/m3\", which was then considered the NOAEL. There is no indication of accumulation of effects over time with prolonged exposure. The perception of odour may result in some individuals reporting subjective sensory irritation, and individuals may perceive formaldehyde at concentrations below 100 μg/m3. However, this is not considered to be an adverse health effect. The NOAEL of 600 μg/m3 for the eye blink response is adjusted using an assessment factor of 5, derived from the standard deviation of nasal pungency (sensory irritation) thresholds, leading to a v","endpoint":"irritation","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"","noael_value":"unclear:ition, ECHA’s Committee for Risk Assessment concluded in 2012 that a harmonised classification as Carc Cat 1B H350 (“may cause cancer”) is appropriate (RAC, 2012). Besides skin, formaldehyde is also an irritant of the eyes and of the respiratory tract. In 2010, a WHO working group reassessed and confirmed an earlier derived Indoor Air Guideline Level based on the following observation: “Increases in eye blink frequency and conjunctival redness appear at a concentration of 600 μg/m3\", which was then considered the NOAEL. There is no indication of accumulation of effects over time with prolonged exposure. The perception of odour may result in some individuals reporting subjective sensory irritation, and individuals may perceive formaldehyde at concentrations below 100 μg/m3. However, this is not considered to be an adverse health effect. The NOAEL of 600 μg/m3 for the eye blink response is adjusted using an assessment factor of 5, derived from the standard deviation of nasal pungency (sensory irritation) thresholds, leading to a v","page":12,"route":"","species":"","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_005"} |
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | repeated dose toxicity | 0.5 | ppm | rat | oral | - | repeated dose toxicity | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=0.5; DOSE=threshold 0.5 ppm (WHO, 1989).; EFFECT=threshold 0.5 ppm (WHO, 1989). Eye irritation was revealed as most sensitive adverse endpoint. In susceptible individuals, slight discomfort due to eye irritation occurred at 0.25 ppm but dose-dependent increases in eye irritation were not observed below 1 ppm. No subjective symptoms were noted at 0.15 ppm. By contrast, nose and throat irritations occur at dose levels of ≥2 ppm. Objective ratings for eye irritation (conjunctival redness and eye blinking frequency) have been investigated in healthy volunteers and a NOAEL of 0.5 ppm (without exposure peaks) and 0.3 ppm (with exposure peaks of 0.6 ppm) was established. Repeated dose toxicity: In repeated oral dose toxicity studies, based on local lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day. In the skin, irritating effects were observed at ≥0.5% formaldehyde. Currently there is no evidence that systemic effects would occur after repeated dermal application of this compound. In rodents and monkeys the respiratory epithelium in the nasal cavity was shown; CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"threshold 0.5 ppm (WHO, 1989).","duration":"","effect":"threshold 0.5 ppm (WHO, 1989). Eye irritation was revealed as most sensitive adverse endpoint. In susceptible individuals, slight discomfort due to eye irritation occurred at 0.25 ppm but dose-dependent increases in eye irritation were not observed below 1 ppm. No subjective symptoms were noted at 0.15 ppm. By contrast, nose and throat irritations occur at dose levels of ≥2 ppm. Objective ratings for eye irritation (conjunctival redness and eye blinking frequency) have been investigated in healthy volunteers and a NOAEL of 0.5 ppm (without exposure peaks) and 0.3 ppm (with exposure peaks of 0.6 ppm) was established. Repeated dose toxicity: In repeated oral dose toxicity studies, based on local lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day. In the skin, irritating effects were observed at ≥0.5% formaldehyde. Currently there is no evidence that systemic effects would occur after repeated dermal application of this compound. In rodents and monkeys the respiratory epithelium in the nasal cavity was shown","endpoint":"repeated dose toxicity","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"ppm","noael_value":"0.5","page":10,"route":"oral","species":"rat","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_001"} |
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | repeated dose toxicity | 10 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | - | repeated dose toxicity | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=10; DOSE=e irritation were not observed below 1 ppm.; EFFECT=e irritation were not observed below 1 ppm. No subjective symptoms were noted at 0.15 ppm. By contrast, nose and throat irritations occur at dose levels of ≥2 ppm. Objective ratings for eye irritation (conjunctival redness and eye blinking frequency) have been investigated in healthy volunteers and a NOAEL of 0.5 ppm (without exposure peaks) and 0.3 ppm (with exposure peaks of 0.6 ppm) was established. Repeated dose toxicity: In repeated oral dose toxicity studies, based on local lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day. In the skin, irritating effects were observed at ≥0.5% formaldehyde. Currently there is no evidence that systemic effects would occur after repeated dermal application of this compound. In rodents and monkeys the respiratory epithelium in the nasal cavity was shown to be the most sensitive site when formaldehyde is being administered via inhalation (induction of squamous metaplasia and hyperplasia). The lowest NOAEL observed in one of the published studies was 0.3 ppm in rats an; CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"e irritation were not observed below 1 ppm.","duration":"","effect":"e irritation were not observed below 1 ppm. No subjective symptoms were noted at 0.15 ppm. By contrast, nose and throat irritations occur at dose levels of ≥2 ppm. Objective ratings for eye irritation (conjunctival redness and eye blinking frequency) have been investigated in healthy volunteers and a NOAEL of 0.5 ppm (without exposure peaks) and 0.3 ppm (with exposure peaks of 0.6 ppm) was established. Repeated dose toxicity: In repeated oral dose toxicity studies, based on local lesions in the stomach of rats, a NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day. In the skin, irritating effects were observed at ≥0.5% formaldehyde. Currently there is no evidence that systemic effects would occur after repeated dermal application of this compound. In rodents and monkeys the respiratory epithelium in the nasal cavity was shown to be the most sensitive site when formaldehyde is being administered via inhalation (induction of squamous metaplasia and hyperplasia). The lowest NOAEL observed in one of the published studies was 0.3 ppm in rats an","endpoint":"repeated dose toxicity","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"mg/kg bw/day","noael_value":"10","page":10,"route":"oral","species":"rat","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_002"} |
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | repeated dose toxicity | 50 | mg/kg bw/day | rat | oral | - | repeated dose toxicity | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=50; DOSE=One study in rats revealed that the concentration rather than the “total dose” might responsible for the effects observed at LOAEL levels (Wilmer et al., 1989).; EFFECT=de concentrations, e.g., olfactory epithelium, larynx, trachea, and bronchus. One study in rats revealed that the concentration rather than the “total dose” might responsible for the effects observed at LOAEL levels (Wilmer et al., 1989). At high doses (≥10 ppm) lesions in the nasal cavity of rats did not reverse anymore (Feron et al., 1988). Summary on repeated dose toxicity: Oral route: The main effects on rats are local lesions of the forestomach and the glandular stomach starting at about 50 mg/kg bw/day. A NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day in the most sensitive study (Tobe et al., 1989). Dermal route: There are no reliable studies available on repeated dose toxicity in skin. In mice only local; CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"One study in rats revealed that the concentration rather than the “total dose” might responsible for the effects observed at LOAEL levels (Wilmer et al., 1989).","duration":"","effect":"de concentrations, e.g., olfactory epithelium, larynx, trachea, and bronchus. One study in rats revealed that the concentration rather than the “total dose” might responsible for the effects observed at LOAEL levels (Wilmer et al., 1989). At high doses (≥10 ppm) lesions in the nasal cavity of rats did not reverse anymore (Feron et al., 1988). Summary on repeated dose toxicity: Oral route: The main effects on rats are local lesions of the forestomach and the glandular stomach starting at about 50 mg/kg bw/day. A NOAEL was established at 10 mg/kg bw/day in the most sensitive study (Tobe et al., 1989). Dermal route: There are no reliable studies available on repeated dose toxicity in skin. In mice only local","endpoint":"repeated dose toxicity","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"mg/kg bw/day","noael_value":"50","page":39,"route":"oral","species":"rat","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_017"} |
| UnifiedCodex:SCCS_SHADOW:beta.noael_studies | reproductive toxicity | 0.4 | ppm | rat | - | developmental | reproductive toxicity | SOURCE_SUBDIR=sccs_o_164; REPORT_TITLE=OPINION ON the safety of the use of formaldehyde in nail hardeners; OPINION_NUMBER=SCCS/1538/14; COMMITTEE=Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS); REPORT_DATE=adopted on 17 December 2013; VALUE_TEXT=0.4; DOSE=Thus, this study offered a NOAEL of 0.4 ppm, a level where neither sensory irritation nor decreased respiratory minute volume was observed in the rats.; EFFECT=is study no differences were observed in serum testosterone concentrations, testicular and epididymal weights, nor in epididymal tubular diameters. In the high-exposure group, however, atrophy of the testicular seminiferous tubules, decreased spermatogenic cells and oligozoospermia were observed. Additionally, testicular seminiferous tubular diameters and epididymal sperm counts were significantly decreased, while the epididymal percentage of abnormal sperms were significantly increased. Thus, this study offered a NOAEL of 0.4 ppm, a level where neither sensory irritation nor decreased respiratory minute volume was observed in the rats. Hence no effect was observable in male rats in the absence of sensory irritation. 4.1.10.2 Humans (Summary) Reproductive and developmental toxicity of formaldehyde in humans has also been reviewed by Nielsen et al. (2013). The authors discussed two putatively contradicting reviews and meta-analyses published by Collins et al. (2001) and Duong et al. (2011) and came to the conclusion that the re; CITATION_NUMBERS=[]; DETAILS_JSON={"cas_number":"50-00-0","citation":"","dose":"Thus, this study offered a NOAEL of 0.4 ppm, a level where neither sensory irritation nor decreased respiratory minute volume was observed in the rats.","duration":"developmental","effect":"is study no differences were observed in serum testosterone concentrations, testicular and epididymal weights, nor in epididymal tubular diameters. In the high-exposure group, however, atrophy of the testicular seminiferous tubules, decreased spermatogenic cells and oligozoospermia were observed. Additionally, testicular seminiferous tubular diameters and epididymal sperm counts were significantly decreased, while the epididymal percentage of abnormal sperms were significantly increased. Thus, this study offered a NOAEL of 0.4 ppm, a level where neither sensory irritation nor decreased respiratory minute volume was observed in the rats. Hence no effect was observable in male rats in the absence of sensory irritation. 4.1.10.2 Humans (Summary) Reproductive and developmental toxicity of formaldehyde in humans has also been reviewed by Nielsen et al. (2013). The authors discussed two putatively contradicting reviews and meta-analyses published by Collins et al. (2001) and Duong et al. (2011) and came to the conclusion that the re","endpoint":"reproductive toxicity","ingredient":"codes.................................... 7","loael_value":"","noael_unit":"ppm","noael_value":"0.4","page":61,"route":"","species":"rat","study_id":"sccs_o_164_noael_023"} |
openFDA substances 8 endpoints
| Source | Endpoint Type | Value | Unit | Species | Route | Duration | Study Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| openFDA substances | FDA UNII substance identifier | 1HG84L3525 | UNII | - | - | - | chemical | {"approval_status":null,"molecular_formula":"CH2O","source_table":"substance_identifiers_fda","substance_class":"chemical","unii_code":"1HG84L3525"} |
| openFDA substances | FDA UNII substance identifier | 1HG84L3525 | UNII | - | - | - | chemical | {"approval_status":null,"molecular_formula":"CH2O","source_table":"substance_identifiers_fda","substance_class":"chemical","unii_code":"1HG84L3525"} |
| openFDA substances | FDA UNII substance identifier | 1HG84L3525 | UNII | - | - | - | chemical | {"approval_status":null,"molecular_formula":"CH2O","source_table":"substance_identifiers_fda","substance_class":"chemical","unii_code":"1HG84L3525"} |
| openFDA substances | FDA UNII substance identifier | 1HG84L3525 | UNII | - | - | - | chemical | {"approval_status":null,"molecular_formula":"CH2O","source_table":"substance_identifiers_fda","substance_class":"chemical","unii_code":"1HG84L3525"} |
| openFDA substances | FDA UNII substance identifier | T0H3L6C7I5 | UNII | - | - | - | specifiedSubstanceG1 | {"approval_status":null,"molecular_formula":null,"source_table":"substance_identifiers_fda","substance_class":"specifiedSubstanceG1","unii_code":"T0H3L6C7I5"} |
| openFDA substances | FDA UNII substance identifier | T0H3L6C7I5 | UNII | - | - | - | specifiedSubstanceG1 | {"approval_status":null,"molecular_formula":null,"source_table":"substance_identifiers_fda","substance_class":"specifiedSubstanceG1","unii_code":"T0H3L6C7I5"} |
| openFDA substances | FDA UNII substance identifier | T0H3L6C7I5 | UNII | - | - | - | specifiedSubstanceG1 | {"approval_status":null,"molecular_formula":null,"source_table":"substance_identifiers_fda","substance_class":"specifiedSubstanceG1","unii_code":"T0H3L6C7I5"} |
| openFDA substances | FDA UNII substance identifier | T0H3L6C7I5 | UNII | - | - | - | specifiedSubstanceG1 | {"approval_status":null,"molecular_formula":null,"source_table":"substance_identifiers_fda","substance_class":"specifiedSubstanceG1","unii_code":"T0H3L6C7I5"} |