What is the NOAEL for 3-Propylidenephthalide?
3-Propylidenephthalide has 33 NOAEL studies in the database. The lowest reported value is -5.6 % via Dermal. Source: NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization.
NOAEL Data
Cosmetic Ingredient
3-Propylidenephthalide
Also known as: Phthalide, 3-propylidene-, Propylidene phthalide, 3-Propylidene-1(3H)-isobenzofuranone, Propylidenephthalide, 1(3H)-Isobenzofuranone, 3-propylidene- (+6 more)
CAS 17369-59-4
3-Propylidenephthalide (CAS 17369-59-4) is a chemical substance. Key regulatory status: 4 regulatory/inventory lists, cosmetic ingredient cross-reference; source data from EPA ToxValDB, EPA CPDat, AICIS.
Cross-Vertical Regulatory Divergence
3-Propylidenephthalide is prohibited in EU cosmetics but has active industrial GHS classifications (H302, H317).
SOURCE
Cross-vertical comparison
Cosmetics: ingredients.eu_status; Chemicals: ghs_classifications.signal_word/hazard_statement_code
SOURCE
noael studies public
NOAEL studies
33
SOURCE
chemical inventory jurisdictions
Regulatory lists
4
SOURCE
eu clp annex vi
GHS signal
Not classified
Chemical Identity
CAS, identifiers, formula, and alternate names for the matched substance record.
SOURCE
DSSTox identifiers
17 fields
Name
3-Propylidenephthalide
CAS Number
17369-59-4
DTXSID
DTXSID7025972
Molecular Formula
C11H10O2
InChI Key
NGSZDVVHIGAMOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Monoisotopic Mass
174.06808
Synonyms
Phthalide, 3-propylidene-Propylidene phthalide3-Propylidene-1(3H)-isobenzofuranonePropylidenephthalide1(3H)-Isobenzofuranone, 3-propylidene-Celeriax3-propylidenephthalimideEC No.: 241-402-8EINECS 241-402-8FEMA No. 2952UNII-WHD8YJ226P
Functional Uses
Industrial and product-use categories associated with this substance.
SOURCE
EPA CPDat
4 records
FragranceFlavouring and nutrient
Regulatory Lists
Inventory, screening, and regulatory list matches from public chemical databases.
SOURCE
EPA CPDat
4 records
| List | Keyword | Source |
|---|---|---|
| IFRA Transparency | IFRA | IFRA |
| Europe | European Commission | Fl@vis |
| food_additive; Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS) (2/2019) | FDA | United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) |
| Europe; Personal care; restricted | European Commission | CosIng |
NOAEL Studies
Toxicology endpoints rendered from public NOAEL study rows.
SOURCE
NOAEL studies
Showing 33 of 33 studies
| Value | Unit | Endpoint | Route | Species | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 55.6 | ug/mL | CD54, EC200 | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 31.2 | ug/mL | CD86, EC150 | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| >1219.393 | ug/mL | CD86, EC150 | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 112.9 | ug/mL | CV75 | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 113 | ug/mL | CV75 | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 1.667 | % | Concentration, 5% incidence of positive responses | Dermal | Human | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 1.333 | % | Concentration, one positive response | Dermal | Human | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| -5.6 | % | Depletion Cys | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 14.3 | % | Depletion Cys | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 12.6 | % | Depletion Lys | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 30.6 | % | Depletion Lys | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 6.3 | % | Depletion Lys + Cys | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 22.45 | % | Depletion Lys + Cys | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| >2000 | uM | EC1.5 | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 3.7 | % | EC3 | Dermal | Mouse | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 3.7 | % | EC3 | Dermal | Mouse | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 3.7 | % | EC3 | Dermal | Mouse | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 3.7 | % | EC3 | Dermal | Mouse | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| WHD8YJ226P | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| WHD8YJ226P | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| WHD8YJ226P | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| WHD8YJ226P | UNII | FDA UNII substance identifier | - | - | openFDA substances |
| 717.4 | uM | IC50 | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 1.1 | ratio | Imax | Dermal | - | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 12 | % | Incidence of positive responses | Dermal | Human | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 2700 | ug/cm2 | Induction dose per skin area | Dermal | Human | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 1125 | ug/cm2 | Induction dose per skin area, 5% incidence of positive responses | Dermal | Human | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| 900 | ug/cm2 | Induction dose per skin area, one positive response | Dermal | Human | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
| =1650 | mg/kg bw | LD50 | oral | Rat | NTP_ICE_acute_oral |
| =5.42 | mg/kg bw/day | NOAEL | oral | Rat | ToxValDB_EFSA |
| =5.42 | mg/kg bw/day | NOAEL | oral: unspecified | Rat | EFSA_OpenFoodTox_EFSA_ReferencePoints.xlsx |
| 6.55 | mg/kg bw/day | NOAEL | oral | rat | COSMOS_DB |
| 3 | unitless | Relative reliability score | Dermal | Human | NTP_ICE_skin_sensitization |
Showing 33 of 33 studies
Australian Status (AICIS)
Australian industrial chemicals inventory status and applicable conditions.
SOURCE
AICIS inventory
1 records
Inventory Status
listed
Cosmetic Safety Profile
Same-CAS cosmetic ingredient record for cross-vertical context.
SOURCE
CosIng / Ingredients DB
EU Status
prohibited
Max
-
Category
Fragrance
Food Safety Data
Same-CAS food additive, ADI, and GRAS records where available.
SOURCE
EFSA / FDA GRAS
1 records
ADI: No safety concern at current levels of intake when used as a flavouring agent mg/kg bw
View full food safety profile →Cannabis Data
Same-CAS cannabis compliance and lab records where available.
SOURCE
Cannabis regulatory / lab data
efsa substances
1 cannabis record found in efsa substances.
View full cannabis profile →Frequently Asked Questions
What regulatory lists include 3-Propylidenephthalide?
3-Propylidenephthalide appears on 4 regulatory/inventory lists including IFRA Transparency, Europe, food_additive; Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS) (2/2019), and 1 more. Source: EPA CPDat.
Is 3-Propylidenephthalide used in cosmetics?
Yes, 3-Propylidenephthalide is also indexed as a cosmetic ingredient under the name 3-Propylidenephthalide. View the full cosmetic safety profile on the ingredient page for detailed safety data, SCCS opinions, and regulatory status.
Where does the safety data for 3-Propylidenephthalide come from?
Safety data is sourced from EPA ToxValDB, EPA CPDat, AICIS (Australian Industrial Chemicals Introduction Scheme), EPA DSSTox, CosIng / Ingredients DB, EFSA / FDA GRAS, cannabis regulatory/lab databases. All data traces to primary regulatory sources and is updated from official government databases.
Does 3-Propylidenephthalide have different safety status in cosmetics vs industrial chemicals?
3-Propylidenephthalide is prohibited in EU cosmetics but has active industrial GHS classifications (H302, H317).
Is 3-Propylidenephthalide used outside industrial chemicals?
3-Propylidenephthalide also appears in cosmetics, food safety, cannabis databases.