Food Safety Substance
HydrogenE949
Hydrogen (E949) is a food additive with PUBLISHED in the EU, Notice does not provide a basis for a GRAS determination in the US, and data from 11 regulatory sources.
CAS 1333-74-0
E949
packaging_gas
Indexable evidence set
FDA
Notice does not provide a basis for a GRAS determination
ADI / TDI
EFSA ADI = 20 mg/kg bw/day
Codex
67 row(s)
SOURCE
D1 identity resolution
e number aliases | Food Additives | dsstox identifiers | 11 matched regulatory source group(s)
Substance Identity
Resolved identifiers used to render this food-safety record.
Substance name
Hydrogen
CAS
1333-74-0
E-number
E949
Food category
packaging_gas
DTXSID
DTXSID9029643
Evidence tier
Indexable evidence set (16)
SOURCE
EU Commission
FDA | Health Canada | Codex Alimentarius
Multi-Jurisdiction Comparison
Side-by-side status rows for the same resolved substance across public food regulators.
| Jurisdiction | Authority | Status | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| European Union | EU Commission | PUBLISHED | EU additive listing; Annex II entry |
| United States | FDA | Notice does not provide a basis for a GRAS determination | GRAS notice |
| Canada | Health Canada | Listed | Clarification aid |
| Codex | Codex Alimentarius | Listed | Antioxidant; Preservative |
SOURCE
EU Commission
EU Food Additives | EU Food Additives Database
EU Food Additive Status
EU Commission food-additive listing rows from eu_food_additives.
| Jurisdiction | E-number | Status | Type | Name | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| European Union | E222 | PUBLISHED | substanceFAD | Sodium hydrogen sulphite | - |
| European Union | E227 | PUBLISHED | substanceFAD | Calcium hydrogen sulphite | - |
| European Union | E228 | PUBLISHED | substanceFAD | Potassium hydrogen sulphite | - |
| European Union | E907 | PUBLISHED | substanceFAD | Hydrogenated poly-1-decene | - |
| European Union | E949 | PUBLISHED | substanceFAD | Hydrogen | - |
| European Union | E949 | PUBLISHED | substanceFAD | Hydrogen peroxide | - |
| European Union | E949 | PUBLISHED | substanceFAD | Magnesium dihydrogen diphosphate | - |
| European Union | E949 | PUBLISHED | substanceFAD | Sodium hydrogenate carbonate | - |
| European Union | E949 | PUBLISHED | substanceFAD | Potassium hydrogen carbonate | - |
SOURCE
EU Commission
EU Annex II Authorised | EU Food Additives Database
EU Annex II Authorised Uses
Authorised additive rows and use conditions from EU Annex II tables.
| Jurisdiction | E-number | Name | INS | Policy item | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| European Union | E222 | Sodium hydrogen sulphite | - | POL-FAD-IMPORT-3046 | - |
| European Union | E227 | Calcium hydrogen sulphite | - | POL-FAD-IMPORT-3050 | - |
| European Union | E228 | Potassium hydrogen sulphite | - | POL-FAD-IMPORT-3051 | - |
| European Union | - | Magnesium dihydrogen diphosphate | - | POL-FAD-IMPORT-3360 | - |
| European Union | - | Sodium hydrogenate carbonate | - | POL-FAD-IMPORT-3361 | - |
| European Union | - | Potassium hydrogen carbonate | - | POL-FAD-IMPORT-3362 | - |
| European Union | E907 | Hydrogenated poly-1-decene | - | POL-FAD-IMPORT-3278 | - |
| European Union | E949 | Hydrogen | - | POL-FAD-IMPORT-3291 | - |
Conditions and restrictions
| Jurisdiction | Food category | Restriction | Comment | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| European Union | - | quantum satis | may be used in foods for infants and young children and foods mentioned in Part E, point 01.10, of Annex II | EU Annex II Union List |
| European Union | - | quantum satis | may be used in foods for infants and young children and foods mentioned in Part E, point 01.10, of Annex II | EU Food Additives Database |
SOURCE
Codex Alimentarius
Codex GSFA
Codex GSFA Status
Codex Alimentarius GSFA permissions and maximum-use rows.
| Jurisdiction | INS / E-number | Function | Food category | Max level | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 04.1.1.2 Surface-treated fresh fruit | 30 mg/kg | As residual SO2.; Except for use in longan and lichee at 50 mg/kg. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 04.1.2.1 Frozen fruit | 500 mg/kg | For use in frozen, sliced apples only.; As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 04.1.2.10 Fermented fruit products | 100 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 04.1.2.11 Fruit fillings for pastries | 100 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 04.1.2.2 Dried fruit | 1,000 mg/kg | As residual SO2.; Except for use in dried apricots at 2 000 mg/kg, bleached raisins at 1 500 mg/kg, desiccated coconut at 200 mg/kg and coconut from which oil has been partially... |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 04.1.2.3 Fruit in vinegar, oil, or brine | 100 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 04.1.2.5 Jams, jellies, marmelades | 100 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 04.1.2.6 Fruit-based spreads (e.g. chutney) excluding products of food category 04.1.2.5 | 100 mg/kg | As residual SO2.; For use only in products conforming to the Standard for Mango Chutney (CXS 160-1987): Sodium metabisulfite (INS 223) and Potassium metabisulfite (INS 224)... |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 04.1.2.7 Candied fruit | 100 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 04.1.2.8 Fruit preparations, including pulp, purees, fruit toppings and coconut milk | 100 mg/kg | As residual SO2.; Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Date Paste (CODEX STAN 314R-2013).; Except for use as a bleaching agent in products conforming to the Standard... |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 04.1.2.9 Fruit-based desserts, including fruit-flavoured water-based desserts | 100 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 04.2.1.3 Peeled, cut or shredded fresh vegetables (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), seaweeds, and nuts and seeds | 50 mg/kg | As residual SO2.; For use to prevent browning of certain light coloured vegetables only.; For use in potatoes. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 04.2.2.1 Frozen vegetables (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), seaweeds, and nuts and seeds | 50 mg/kg | Except for use in French fried potatoes conforming to the Standard for Quick Frozen Vegetables (CXS 320-2015): sodium thiosulfate (INS 539) as a sequestrant.; As residual SO2.;... |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 04.2.2.2 Dried vegetables (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), seaweeds, and nuts and seeds | 500 mg/kg | Except for products conforming to the Regional Standard for Laver Products (CXS 323R-2017), only for use in Seasoned Laver Products.; As residual SO2.; Except for use in dried... |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 04.2.2.3 Vegetables (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), and seaweeds in vinegar, oil, brine, or soybean sauce | 100 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 04.2.2.4 Canned or bottled (pasteurized) or retort pouch vegetables (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), and seaweeds | 50 mg/kg | Excluding products conforming to the Regional Standard for Canned Foul Medames (CXS 258R-2007).; As residual SO2.; Excluding products conforming to the Codex Regional Standard for... |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 04.2.2.5 Vegetable (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), seaweed, and nut and seed purees and spreads (e.g., peanut butter) | 500 mg/kg | For use in energy-reduced products only.; As residual SO2.; Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Processed Tomato Concentrates (CODEX STAN 57-1981). [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 04.2.2.6 Vegetable (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera), seaweed, and nut and seed pulps and preparations (e.g. vegetable desserts and sauces, candied vegetables) other than food category 04.2.2.5 | 300 mg/kg | Excluding products conforming to the Codex Regional Standard for Tehena (CODEX STAN 259R-2007).; As residual SO2.; Excluding products conforming to the Regional Standard for... |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 04.2.2.7 Fermented vegetable (including mushrooms and fungi, roots and tubers, pulses and legumes, and aloe vera) and seaweed products, excluding fermented soybean products of food categories 06.8.6, 06.8.7, 12.9.1, 12.9.2.1 and 12.9.2.3 | 500 mg/kg | As residual SO2.; Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Gochujang (CXS 294-2009). [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 06.2.1 Flours | 200 mg/kg | In products conforming to the Standard for Wheat Flour (CXS 152-1985), only for use as a flour treatment agent in flours for biscuit and pastry manufacture: sulfur dioxide (INS... |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 06.2.2 Starches | 50 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 06.4.3 Pre-cooked pastas and noodles and like products | 20 mg/kg | As residual SO2.; For products conforming to the Standard for Instant Noodles (CXS 249-2006): sulfur dioxide (INS 220), sodium sulfite (INS 221), sodium metabisulfite (INS 223)... |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 06.8.2 Soybean-based beverage film | 200 mg/kg | As residual SO2.; For use only in dehydrated soybean curd film conforming to the Regional Standard for Non-Fermented Soybean Products (Asia) (CXS 322R-2015): sulfur dioxide (INS... |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 07.2 Fine bakery wares (sweet, salty, savoury) and mixes | 50 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 09.1.2 Fresh mollusks, crustaceans, and echinoderms | 100 mg/kg | Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Fresh and Quick Frozen Raw Scallop Products (CODEX STAN 315-2014).; As residual SO2.; Excluding products conforming to the... |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 09.2.1 Frozen fish, fish fillets, and fish products, including mollusks, crustaceans, and echinoderms | 100 mg/kg | Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Quick Frozen Blocks of Fish Fillet, Minced Fish Flesh and Mixtures of Fillets and Minced Fish Flesh (CODEX STAN 165-1989).; For... |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 09.2.4.2 Cooked mollusks, crustaceans, and echinoderms | 150 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 09.2.5 Smoked, dried, fermented, and/or salted fish and fish products, including mollusks, crustaceans, and echinoderms | 30 mg/kg | Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Smoked Fish, Smoked-flavoured Fish and Smoke-dried Fish (CODEX STAN 311-2013).; As residual SO2.; Excluding products conforming... |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 09.4 Fully preserved, including canned or fermented fish and fish products, including mollusks, crustaceans, and echinoderms | 150 mg/kg | As residual SO2.; Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Canned Shrimps or Prawns (CODEX STAN 37-1991).; Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Canned... |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 11.1.1 White sugar, dextrose anhydrous, dextrose monohydrate, fructose | 15 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 11.1.2 Powdered sugar, powdered dextrose | 15 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 11.1.3 Soft white sugar, soft brown sugar, glucose syrup, dried glucose syrup, raw cane sugar | 20 mg/kg | As residual SO2.; Except for use in dried glucose syrup used in the manufacture of sugar confectionery at 150 mg/kg and glucose syrup used in the manufacture of sugar... |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 11.1.5 Plantation or mill white sugar | 70 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 11.2 Brown sugar excluding products of food category 11.1.3 | 40 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 11.3 Sugar solutions and syrups, also (partially) inverted, including treacle and molasses, excluding products of food category 11.1.3 | 70 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 11.4 Other sugars and syrups (e.g. xylose, maple syrup, sugar toppings) | 40 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 12.2.1 Herbs and spices | 150 mg/kg | Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Dried Oregano (CXS 342-2021).; Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Dried Floral Parts - Saffron (CXS 351-2022).;... |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 12.2.2 Seasonings and condiments | 200 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 12.3 Vinegars | 100 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 12.4 Mustards | 250 mg/kg | As residual SO2.; Except for use in Dijon mustard at 500 mg/kg. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 12.6 Sauces and like products | 300 mg/kg | As residual SO2.; Excluding products conforming to the Standard for Fish Sauce (CODEX STAN 302-2011). [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 12.9.1 Fermented soybean paste (e.g., miso) | 30 mg/kg | As residual SO2.; Except for use in products conforming to the Regional Standard for Fermented soybean paste (CXS 298R-2009): Sodium thiosulfate (INS 539) as an antioxidant.... |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 14.1.2.1 Fruit juice | 50 mg/kg | As residual SO2.; Subject to national legislation of the importing country. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 14.1.2.2 Vegetable juice | 50 mg/kg | As residual SO2.; Subject to national legislation of the importing country. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 14.1.2.3 Concentrates for fruit juice | 50 mg/kg | As residual SO2.; Subject to national legislation of the importing country.; On the served to the consumer basis. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 14.1.2.4 Concentrates for vegetable juice | 50 mg/kg | As residual SO2.; Subject to national legislation of the importing country.; On the served to the consumer basis. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 14.1.3.1 Fruit nectar | 50 mg/kg | As residual SO2.; Subject to national legislation of the importing country. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 14.1.3.2 Vegetable nectar | 50 mg/kg | As residual SO2.; Subject to national legislation of the importing country. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 14.1.3.3 Concentrates for fruit nectar | 50 mg/kg | As residual SO2.; Subject to national legislation of the importing country.; On the served to the consumer basis. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 14.1.3.4 Concentrates for vegetable nectar | 50 mg/kg | As residual SO2.; Subject to national legislation of the importing country.; On the served to the consumer basis. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 14.1.4 Water-based flavoured drinks, including sport, energy, or electrolyte drinks and particulated drinks | 70 mg/kg | As residual SO2.; For use in fruit juice-based drinks and dry ginger ale only.; On the served to the consumer basis. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 14.2.1 Beer and malt beverages | 50 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 14.2.2 Cider and perry | 200 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 14.2.3 Grape wines | 350 mg/kg | As residual SO2.; Except for use in special white wines at 400 mg/kg. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 14.2.4 Wines (other than grape) | 200 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 14.2.5 Mead | 200 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 14.2.6 Distilled spirituous beverages containing more than 15% alcohol | 200 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 14.2.7 Aromatized alcoholic beverages (e.g. beer, wine and spirituous cooler-type beverages, low alcoholic refreshers) | 250 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 222 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 15.1 Snacks - potato, cereal, flour or starch based (from roots and tubers, pulses and legumes) | 50 mg/kg | As residual SO2. [Group: SULFITES] |
| Codex | 227 | Antioxidant; Preservative | 04.1.1.2 Surface-treated fresh fruit | 30 mg/kg | As residual SO2.; Except for use in longan and lichee at 50 mg/kg. [Group: SULFITES] |
SOURCE
FDA
FDA GRAS
FDA GRAS Status
US FDA GRAS notice evidence from enriched and notice tables.
| Jurisdiction | GRN | Substance | FDA response | Intended use | Basis | Notifier |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States | 14 | Hydrogen peroxide | Notice does not provide a basis for a GRAS determination | Use in the manufacture of dehydrated onions as a processing aid to extend their shelf life | Scientific procedures | Basic Vegetable Products |
| United States | 59 | Hydrogenated starch hydrolysate | At the notifier's request, FDA ceased to evaluate this notice | Use in foods in general as a flavoring agent, adjuvant, formulation aid, humectant, processing aid, stabilizer, thickener, surface-finishing agent, or texturizer at levels not to... | Scientific procedures | Grain Processing Corporation |
| United States | 383 | Magnesium dihydrogen pyrophosphate (MDPP) | FDA has no questions | As a stabilizer, leavening agent, and acidifying agent in self-rising flour, noodles (oriental style), batters and breading, processed cereals, and bakery products, at a level... | Scientific procedures | Chemische Fabrik Budenheim KG |
| United States | 520 | Hydrogen gas | FDA has no questions | For use as an ingredient in drinking water, flavored beverages, and soda drinks at a level up to 2.14% by volume. | Scientific Procedures | MitoGene Beverage Company, LLC |
| United States | 534 | Hydrogenated lecithin from soy | FDA has no questions | For general use in foods with no limitations other than current good manufacturing practices. | Scientific Procedures | American Lecithin Company |
| United States | 841 | Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing L-lactate dehydrogenase from Rhizopus oryzae | FDA has no questions | For use in the production of beer to produce alcohol and impart a sour flavor and is intended to replace yeast from other available commercial sources in the fermentation of beer. | Scientific procedures | Mascoma LLC |
| United States | 14 | Hydrogen peroxide | Notice does not provide a basis for a GRAS determination | Use in the manufacture of dehydrated onions as a processing aid to extend their shelf life | Scientific procedures | Basic Vegetable Products |
| United States | 59 | Hydrogenated starch hydrolysate | At the notifier's request, FDA ceased to evaluate this notice | Use in foods in general as a flavoring agent, adjuvant, formulation aid, humectant, processing aid, stabilizer, thickener, surface-finishing agent, or texturizer at levels not to... | Scientific procedures | Grain Processing Corporation |
| United States | 383 | Magnesium dihydrogen pyrophosphate (MDPP) | FDA has no questions | As a stabilizer, leavening agent, and acidifying agent in self-rising flour, noodles (oriental style), batters and breading, processed cereals, and bakery products, at a level... | Scientific procedures | Chemische Fabrik Budenheim KG |
| United States | 520 | Hydrogen gas | FDA has no questions | For use as an ingredient in drinking water, flavored beverages, and soda drinks at a level up to 2.14% by volume. | Scientific Procedures | MitoGene Beverage Company, LLC |
| United States | 534 | Hydrogenated lecithin from soy | FDA has no questions | For general use in foods with no limitations other than current good manufacturing practices. | Scientific Procedures | American Lecithin Company |
| United States | 841 | <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> expressing L-lactate dehydrogenase from <i>Rhizopus oryzae</i> | FDA has no questions (in PDF) | For use in the production of beer to produce alcohol and impart a sour flavor and is intended to replace yeast from other available commercial sources in the fermentation of beer. | Scientific procedures | Mascoma LLC |
SOURCE
Health Canada
Health Canada Status
Health Canada food-additive permissions by functional class and food scope.
| Jurisdiction | Class | Permitted foods | Maximum level | List |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Canada | Clarification aid | - | (a) 135 ppm | List of Permitted Food Additives with Other Purposes of Use |
| Canada | To prevent discolouration | - | (b) Good Manufacturing Practice. To be used with catalase in accordance with item C.3 of the *List of Permitted Food Enzymes*. | List of Permitted Food Additives with Other Purposes of Use |
| Canada | To decolourize and maintain pH | - | (c) 100 ppm | List of Permitted Food Additives with Other Purposes of Use |
| Canada | Bleaching agent | - | (d) Good Manufacturing Practice | List of Permitted Food Additives with Other Purposes of Use |
| Canada | Coating agent | - | (a) 1.5% in the food containing the unstandardized flavouring preparation | List of Permitted Food Additives with Other Purposes of Use |
| Canada | Coating agent | - | (b) 5,000 ppm in the dessert containing the unstandardized flavouring preparation | List of Permitted Food Additives with Other Purposes of Use |
| Canada | Sweetener | Unstandardized foods | Good Manufacturing Practice | List of Permitted Sweeteners |
| Canada | Starch-modifying agent | Starch used in the manufacture of modified starch | Good Manufacturing Practice | List of Permitted Starch-Modifying Agents |
SOURCE
EU Commission
EU Food Contact Materials
EU FCM Substances
EU food-contact material rows and migration-limit fields.
| Jurisdiction | FCM no. | Ref no. | Substance | Use | SML | Regulation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| European Union | 37 | 54480 | fats and oils, hydrogenated, from animal or vegetable food sources | additive/PPA | - | Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, Annex I |
| European Union | 97 | 72081/10 | petroleum hydrocarbon resins (hydrogenated) | additive/PPA | - | Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, Annex I |
| European Union | 536 | 84320 | rosin, hydrogenated, ester with methanol | additive/PPA | - | Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, Annex I |
| European Union | 704 | 77600 | polyethyleneglycol ester of hydrogenated castor oil | additive/PPA | - | Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, Annex I |
| European Union | 705 | 10599/90A | acids, fatty, unsaturated (C18), dimers, non hydrogenated, distilled and non-distilled | monomer/macromolecule | - | Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, Annex I |
| European Union | 714 | 84400 | rosin, hydrogenated, ester with pentaerythritol | additive/PPA | - | Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, Annex I |
| European Union | 717 | 84210 | rosin, hydrogenated | additive/PPA | - | Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, Annex I |
| European Union | 718 | 84240 | rosin, hydrogenated, ester with glycerol | additive/PPA | - | Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, Annex I |
| European Union | 724 | 24903 | syrups, hydrolysed starch, hydrogenated | monomer/macromolecule | - | Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, Annex I |
| European Union | 733 | 10599/92A | acids, fatty, unsaturated (C18), dimers, hydrogenated, distilled and non-distilled | monomer/macromolecule | - | Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, Annex I |
| European Union | 768 | 34850 | amines, bis(hydrogenated tallow alkyl) oxidised | additive/PPA | - | Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, Annex I |
| European Union | 783 | 55910 | glycerides, castor-oil mono-, hydrogenated, acetates | additive/PPA | - | Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, Annex I |
| European Union | 789 | 60027 | hydrogenated homopolymers and/or copolymers made of 1-hexene and/or 1-octene and/or 1-decene and/or 1-dodecene and/or 1-tetradecene (Mw: 440–12 000 ) | additive/PPA | - | Regulation (EU) No 10/2011, Annex I |
| European Union | 1089 | - | amines, di-C14-C20-alkyl, oxidised, from hydrogenated vegetable oil | additive/PPA | - | Regulation (EU) 2026/245 (amending 10/2011) |
| European Union | - | - | hydrogen | - | - | Regulation (EC) No 450/2009, Register v1.1 |
SOURCE
Codex Alimentarius
Codex Pesticide MRLs
Pesticide MRLs
Codex pesticide maximum-residue-limit rows by commodity.
| Jurisdiction | Pesticide | Commodity | MRL | ADI / PTDI | ARfD | Residue definition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Codex | Hydrogen Phosphide | Cacao beans | 0.01 mg/kg | mg/kg bw Not necessary. (Codex Alimentarius) | - | All phosphides, expressed as hydrogen phosphide. Good usage practices should ensure that residues are not present at time of consumption. (Codex Alimentarius) |
| Codex | Hydrogen Phosphide | Cereal grains (group) | 0.1 mg/kg | mg/kg bw Not necessary. (Codex Alimentarius) | - | All phosphides, expressed as hydrogen phosphide. Good usage practices should ensure that residues are not present at time of consumption. (Codex Alimentarius) |
| Codex | Hydrogen Phosphide | Dried fruits | 0.01 mg/kg | mg/kg bw Not necessary. (Codex Alimentarius) | - | All phosphides, expressed as hydrogen phosphide. Good usage practices should ensure that residues are not present at time of consumption. (Codex Alimentarius) |
| Codex | Hydrogen Phosphide | Dried vegetables | 0.01 mg/kg | mg/kg bw Not necessary. (Codex Alimentarius) | - | All phosphides, expressed as hydrogen phosphide. Good usage practices should ensure that residues are not present at time of consumption. (Codex Alimentarius) |
| Codex | Hydrogen Phosphide | Peanut | 0.01 mg/kg | mg/kg bw Not necessary. (Codex Alimentarius) | - | All phosphides, expressed as hydrogen phosphide. Good usage practices should ensure that residues are not present at time of consumption. (Codex Alimentarius) |
| Codex | Hydrogen Phosphide | Spices | 0.01 mg/kg | mg/kg bw Not necessary. (Codex Alimentarius) | - | All phosphides, expressed as hydrogen phosphide. Good usage practices should ensure that residues are not present at time of consumption. (Codex Alimentarius) |
| Codex | Hydrogen Phosphide | Tree nuts (group) | 0.01 mg/kg | mg/kg bw Not necessary. (Codex Alimentarius) | - | All phosphides, expressed as hydrogen phosphide. Good usage practices should ensure that residues are not present at time of consumption. (Codex Alimentarius) |
SOURCE
JECFA
JECFA ADI
JECFA ADI Values
JECFA ADI records and evaluation years.
| Jurisdiction | Chemical name | JECFA no. | CAS | ADI | ADI upper | Function | Evaluation year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| JECFA | CALCIUM HYDROGEN PHOSPHATE | - | 7757-93-9 | no_data | - | YEAST_FOOD, FLOUR_TREATMENT_AGENT | 1982 |
| JECFA | CALCIUM HYDROGEN SULFITE | - | 13780-03-5 | 0-0.7 mg/kg bw | 0.7 | FIRMING_AGENT, PRESERVATIVE | 1998 |
| JECFA | AMMONIUM HYDROGEN CARBONATE | - | 1066-33-7 | NOT SPECIFIED | - | RAISING_AGENT | 1982 |
| JECFA | AERO-GLUCOSE DEHYDROGENASE | - | - | no_data | - | - | 1974 |
| JECFA | DISODIUM DIHYDROGEN DIPHOSPHATE | - | - | no_data | - | - | 1982 |
| JECFA | DISODIUM DIHYDROGEN PYROPHOSPHATE | - | - | no_data | - | - | 1982 |
| JECFA | GLUCOSE AERODEHYDROGENASE | - | - | no_data | - | - | 1974 |
| JECFA | DIAMMONIUM HYDROGEN PHOSPHATE | - | 7783-54-0 | no_data | - | YEAST_FOOD, ACIDITY_REGULATOR, FLOUR_TREATMENT_AGENT, RAISING_AGENT | 1982 |
| JECFA | SODIUM HYDROGEN DL-MALATE | - | 3105-51-9 | NOT SPECIFIED | - | ACIDITY_REGULATOR, HUMECTANT | 1982 |
| JECFA | AMMONIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE | - | 7722-76-1 | no_data | - | ACIDITY_REGULATOR, FLOUR_TREATMENT_AGENT, LEAVENING_AGENT, RAISING_AGENT | 1983 |
| JECFA | HYDROGENATED GLUCOSE SYRUP | - | - | no_data | - | - | 1997 |
| JECFA | HYDROGENATED HIGH MALTOSE-CONTENT GLUCOSE SYRUP | - | - | no_data | - | - | 1997 |
| JECFA | HYDROGENATED ISOMALTULOSE | - | - | no_data | - | - | 1985 |
| JECFA | HYDROGENATED MALTOSE | - | - | no_data | - | - | 1993 |
| JECFA | HYDROGENATED POLY-1-DECENE | - | 68037-01-4 | 0-6 mg/kg bw | 6 | GLAZING_AGENT, RELEASE_AGENT | 2001 |
| JECFA | HYDROGENATED POLY-alpha-OLEFIN | - | - | no_data | - | - | 2001 |
| JECFA | DISODIUM HYDROGEN PHOSPHATE | - | 7558-79-4 | no_data | - | TEXTURIZER, THICKENER, ACIDITY_REGULATOR, EMULSIFIER | 1982 |
| JECFA | POTASSIUM DIHYDROGEN CITRATE | - | 866-83-1 | NOT LIMITED | - | YEAST_FOOD, ACIDITY_REGULATOR, SEQUESTRANT | 1979 |
| JECFA | CALCIUM HYDROGEN CARBONATE | - | - | NO ADI ALLOCATED | - | ANTICAKING_AGENT, COLOUR, STABILIZER | 1985 |
| JECFA | POTASSIUM DIHYDROGEN PHOSPHATE | - | 7778-77-0 | no_data | - | YEAST_FOOD, ACIDITY_REGULATOR, SEQUESTRANT | 1982 |
| JECFA | MAGNESIUM HYDROGEN PHOSPHATE | - | 7757-86-0 | no_data | - | NUTRIENT_SUPPLEMENT | 1982 |
| JECFA | SODIUM MONOHYDROGENDICARBONATE | - | - | no_data | - | - | 1981 |
| JECFA | HYDROGENATED STARCH HYDROLYSATE | - | - | no_data | - | - | 1998 |
| JECFA | DIPOTASSIUM HYDROGEN PHOSPHATE | - | 7758-11-4 | no_data | - | YEAST_FOOD, ACIDITY_REGULATOR, SEQUESTRANT | 1982 |
| JECFA | SODIUM HYDROGEN CARBONATE | - | 144-55-8 | NOT LIMITED | - | ACIDITY_REGULATOR, LEAVENING_AGENT, RAISING_AGENT | 1965 |
SOURCE
ATSDR
ATSDR MRL
ATSDR MRL Data
ATSDR minimal-risk-level rows by route and duration.
| Jurisdiction | Chemical | Route | Duration | MRL | Critical effect | Status | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States | HYDROGEN FLUORIDE | Inhalation | Acute | 0.02 ppm | Resp | Final | 2003 |
| United States | HYDROGEN SULFIDE | Inhalation | Acute | 0.07 ppm | Resp | Final | 2016 |
| United States | HYDROGEN SULFIDE | Inhalation | Intermediate | 0.02 ppm | Resp | Final | 2016 |
SOURCE
ingredients
ghs classifications
Cross-Reference to Cosmetics / Chemicals / Pharma
Same-CAS public rows from adjacent Roots verticals where available.
SOURCE
Cross-vertical comparison
ingredients | ghs classifications
Cross-Vertical Regulatory Divergence
This substance has different regulatory treatment across food, cosmetics, and industrial use.
SOURCE
FAQPage JSON-LD
public food renderer rows
Frequently Asked Questions
Food-use, safety, ADI, and cross-vertical answers mirrored into FAQPage JSON-LD.
What is Hydrogen used for in food?
Hydrogen appears in food-use rows as: Antioxidant; Preservative; Clarification aid.
Is Hydrogen / E949 safe?
This page does not assign a standalone safety verdict; it renders public regulatory evidence. ADI/reference value: EFSA ADI = 20 mg/kg bw/day. EU status evidence: PUBLISHED. US/FDA evidence: Notice does not provide a basis for a GRAS determination.
What is the ADI for Hydrogen?
Hydrogen has this ADI/reference value in the food-safety tables: EFSA ADI = 20 mg/kg bw/day. Source: EFSA FAF 2020.
Is Hydrogen also used in cosmetics?
Hydrogen has a same-CAS cosmetics cross-reference: Hydrogen, EU status permitted.