Is 4-Amino-3-Nitrophenol safe in cosmetics?
4-Amino-3-Nitrophenol has a safety rating of "MODERATE" in our database. EU status: permitted. US status: permitted. 10 toxicological study endpoint(s) are available in our database.
4-Amino-3-Nitrophenol
Also known as: 3-Nitro-4-aminophenol, Phenol, 4-amino-3-nitro-, EINECS 210-236-8, NSC 400380, UNII-R5WY41Q95Z
INCI: 4-AMINO-3-NITROPHENOL
4-Amino-3-Nitrophenol (CAS 610-81-1) is a cosmetic cosmetic ingredient functioning as Hair Dyeing (oxidative and non-oxidative hair dye). NOAEL 250 mg/kg bw/day (cross-referenced against ToxValDB ECHA IUCLID); EU Regulation 1223/2009 status: permitted. Industrial safety data is also available in the chemical safety database. Same-CAS public records also appear in industrial chemical safety data.
Function
Hair Dyeing (oxidative and non-oxidative hair dye)
Editorial assessment
MODERATE
Preliminary editorial note — not a computed safety verdict.
Chemistry & Identifiers
IUPAC Name
4-amino-3-nitrophenol
InChIKey
IQXUIDYRTHQTET-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Regulatory Status
EU EU Status
permitted
US US Status
permitted
US Notes
Permitted under coal tar hair dye exemption; CIR-assessed within the amino nitrophenols group
For full compliance data across multiple jurisdictions, use the Substance Compliance tool.
Safety Data
Margin of Safety, dermal absorption, and sensitization profile summaries for 4-Amino-3-Nitrophenol.
Calculate MoS for your specific formulation with the MoS Calculator.
Toxicological Studies
10 study endpoints found for 4-Amino-3-Nitrophenol. NOAEL (No Observed Adverse Effect Level) values are used to calculate the Margin of Safety per SCCS methodology.
| Endpoint | Value | Route | Species | Study Type | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NOAEL | =0.01 mg/kg | oral | rat | dermal absorption | SCCS Opinion |
| NOAEL | =0.01 mg/kg | oral | rat | dermal absorption | SCCS Opinion |
| NOAEL | =0.01 mg/kg | oral | rat | dermal absorption | SCCS Opinion |
| NOAEL | =0.01 mg/kg | oral | rat | dermal absorption | SCCS Opinion |
| NOAEL | =0.061 mg/kg | oral | rat | dermal absorption | SCCS Opinion |
| NOAEL | =0.061 mg/kg | oral | rat | dermal absorption | SCCS Opinion |
| NOAEL | =0.061 mg/kg | oral | rat | dermal absorption | SCCS Opinion |
| NOAEL | =0.061 mg/kg | oral | rat | dermal absorption | SCCS Opinion |
| NOAEL | =20 mg/kg bw | - | - | developmental toxicity | SCCS Opinion |
| NOAEL | =20 mg/kg bw | - | - | developmental toxicity | SCCS Opinion |
Pre-Calculated Safety Assessment
Pre-calculated NOAEL → SED → MoS audit trail for 4-Amino-3-Nitrophenol across SCCS product categories, with measured dermal absorption where available.
Sensitization AOP Dashboard
Adverse Outcome Pathway data across 5 assays (DPRA, KeratinoSens, hCLAT, LLNA, NESIL) aggregated from public sources.
DPRA Cys %
100%
DPRA Lys %
79.1%
KeratinoSens IC50
1846 µM
hCLAT CV75
81.7 µg/mL
LLNA EC3
0.2%
NESIL
50 µg/cm²
LLNA: Strong (1A)
GHS: 1A
Source: LLNA: CosmEur database; DPRA: Cosmetics Europe; KS: Cosmetics Europe; hCLAT: Cosmetics Europe
ECHA REACH Registration
European Chemicals Agency REACH dossier and Substances of Very High Concern listing.
Registration Type
Full
Tonnage Band
1 - 10 tonnes
Substance Type
SUBSTANCE
SVHC Candidate
No
Expanded Jurisdictional Detail
Additional regulatory detail beyond the 7-jurisdiction summary: Saudi SFDA, Korea MFDS, ASEAN ACD, Japan/Korea, Brazil/India, and cross-jurisdictional restriction entries.
SA Saudi SFDA (III - Restricted)
Product type: (a) Hair dye substance in oxidative hair dye products (b)Hair dye substance in non-oxidative hair dye products. Max: (b) 1.0%.
BRIN Brazil/India Cosmetics
India: Restricted · max (b) 1.0%
Additional Jurisdictional Restrictions (1)
| Jurisdiction | Status | Max % | Product Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR | prohibited | - | - |
Expanded Dermal Absorption Data
Cross-database dermal penetration: EPA Dryad physics-based, Roberts Mendeley permeation, and SCCS-aggregated measured values.
EPA Dryad Skin Absorption (physics-based)
MW: 154.123
LogP: 1.35339
Kp epidermis: 0.00541 cm/h
% dose epidermis: 0.98%
% dose stratum corneum: 0.96%
% dose dermis: 0.96%
Source: EPA Dryad Skin Absorption 2024
Roberts Skin Permeation (Mendeley 2022)
MW: 154.12
Log Kow: 1.318
Log Kp: -2.266719237308466
Log Jmax: -6.510058019717752
Source: Roberts Cheruvu Mendeley 2022
Aggregated DA Values (5 records across 5 sources)
| Type | DA % | Method | Skin Model | SCCS Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| measured | 2.73% | - | - | SCCP/0094 |
| measured | 0.87% | - | - | SCCP/0094 |
| measured | 1.5% | - | - | SCCP/0094 |
| measured | 1.0% | - | - | SCCP/0094 |
| measured | 0.13% | - | - | SCCP/0094 |
Function Categories & List Membership
Cosmetic/Chemical Function Categories
Dye
Regulatory List Membership (2)
EU Restricted for Children (Cosmetics)
EU CosIng Cosmetics Ingredient Database
Editorial summary
Preliminary editorial summary for 4-Amino-3-Nitrophenol — not a computed safety verdict. See the sourced toxicological data above.
Regulatory Flags
eu_children_restricted
eu_cosing_listed
NOAEL Studies Summary
View details ->Public NOAEL study rows linked to 4-Amino-3-Nitrophenol by CAS number or substance name.
Studies
32
Lowest NOAEL
0.01
Highest NOAEL
400
Units vary across source rows: mg/kg, mg/kg bw, mg/kg/day
SCCS Opinion
Dermal Absorption
View details ->| Absorption % | Method | Vehicle |
|---|---|---|
| 2.73% | - | - |
| 0.87% | - | - |
| 1.5% | - | - |
| 1.0% | - | - |
| 0.13% | - | - |
Known Synonyms
3-Nitro-4-aminophenol
Phenol, 4-amino-3-nitro-
EINECS 210-236-8
NSC 400380
UNII-R5WY41Q95Z
Chemical Function
Dye
Regulatory Lists
Europe; Personal care; restricted
Europe; Personal care - hair coloring
children; Europe; Personal care
children; Europe; Personal care
children; Europe; Personal care
Europe; Personal care - hair coloring
Europe; Personal care - hair coloring
detected; Europe; Personal care - hair coloring - hair color - professional
detected; Europe; Personal care - hair coloring
detected; Europe; Personal care - hair coloring - hair color - professional
detected; Europe; Personal care - hair coloring
detected; Europe; Personal care - hair coloring - hair color - professional
detected; Europe; Personal care - hair coloring
detected; Europe; Personal care - hair coloring
detected; Europe; Personal care - hair coloring
Danish Environmental Protection Agency
Australian Status
AICIS status: listed
Frequently Asked Questions
Is 4-Amino-3-Nitrophenol allowed in the EU?
4-Amino-3-Nitrophenol EU regulatory status: permitted. This is based on EU Regulation 1223/2009 and its amendments.
What does 4-Amino-3-Nitrophenol do in cosmetics?
4-Amino-3-Nitrophenol functions as: Hair Dyeing (oxidative and non-oxidative hair dye). It is classified as a cosmetic ingredient in our database. CAS number: 610-81-1.
What is the NOAEL for 4-Amino-3-Nitrophenol?
The NOAEL (No Observed Adverse Effect Level) for 4-Amino-3-Nitrophenol is =0.01 mg/kg based on a dermal absorption study via oral route in rat. A total of 10 study endpoints are available. Source: SCCS Opinion.
Is 4-Amino-3-Nitrophenol used outside cosmetics?
4-Amino-3-Nitrophenol also appears in industrial chemical safety data. The cross-vertical cards on this page render same-CAS public rows from the matched databases.
Compliance Tools
Check 4-Amino-3-Nitrophenol compliance across multiple jurisdictions:
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Substance Compliance
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MoS Calculator
Calculate Margin of Safety using SCCS methodology
Heavy Metal Limits
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