Excellent Antioxidant Dermal Penetration

Astaxanthin

INCI: ASTAXANTHIN

CAS Number
472-61-7
Function
Antioxidant; carotenoid; singlet oxygen quencher (approximately 6,000× more potent than vitamin C); free radical scavenger (HAT mechanism); photoprotective; anti-inflammatory; lipophilic skin active
Safety Rating
EXCELLENT

Regulatory Status

🇪🇺 EU Status permitted
🇺🇸 US Status permitted
US Notes No FDA restrictions for topical cosmetic use. GRAS for dietary supplement use. No specific cosmetic concentration limits. Clinical photoprotection evidence from 4 mg/day oral supplementation — topical and oral routes have separate evidence bases.

For full compliance data across 55 jurisdictions, use the Substance Compliance tool.

Safety Data

Margin of Safety (MoS)
adequate
Dermal Absorption
high
Sensitization
none

Calculate MoS for your specific formulation with the MoS Calculator.

Dermal Penetration Profile

Skin absorption and penetration characteristics of Astaxanthin, relevant to systemic exposure and MoS calculations.

Absorption %
1-3%
Penetration Level
stratum-corneum
Penetration Depth
stratum corneum
Molecular Weight
596.8 Da
Log P
12.5
Systemic Absorption
minimal
Topical Bioavailability
0.5-2%
Safety Margin Factor
low
Vehicle Dependent
Yes — absorption varies by formulation

Source: Mar Drugs 2011

Expert Verdict

Astaxanthin is the most potent singlet oxygen quencher known (approximately 6,000× more potent than vitamin C), with double-blind clinical evidence showing increased minimal erythema dose and reduced UV-induced transepidermal water loss at 4 mg/day oral dosing. Primary formulation challenges include intense orange-red pigmentation (cosmetically limiting above 0.01%) and poor water solubility requiring nanoemulsions or solid lipid nanoparticles for optimal delivery. Typical cosmetic use range is 0.001–0.05% with excellent tolerability and no sensitization at these concentrations.

⚠️
Concern Level: None

Regulatory Flags

antioxidant carotenoid singlet-oxygen-quencher photoprotective lipophilic encapsulation-recommended orange-pigment anti-pollution hat-mechanism anti-aging oral-evidence-strong fda_food_additive

Frequently Asked Questions

Is Astaxanthin safe in cosmetics?

Astaxanthin is the most potent singlet oxygen quencher known (approximately 6,000× more potent than vitamin C), with double-blind clinical evidence showing increased minimal erythema dose and reduced UV-induced transepidermal water loss at 4 mg/day oral dosing. Primary formulation challenges include intense orange-red pigmentation (cosmetically limiting above 0.01%) and poor water solubility requiring nanoemulsions or solid lipid nanoparticles for optimal delivery. Typical cosmetic use range is 0.001–0.05% with excellent tolerability and no sensitization at these concentrations. The EU classifies Astaxanthin as "permitted". Safety rating: EXCELLENT.

Is Astaxanthin allowed in the EU?

Astaxanthin EU regulatory status: permitted. This is based on EU Regulation 1223/2009 and its amendments.

What does Astaxanthin do in cosmetics?

Astaxanthin functions as: Antioxidant; carotenoid; singlet oxygen quencher (approximately 6,000× more potent than vitamin C); free radical scavenger (HAT mechanism); photoprotective; anti-inflammatory; lipophilic skin active. It is classified as a Antioxidant in our database. CAS number: 472-61-7.

What is the Margin of Safety for Astaxanthin?

adequate The Margin of Safety (MoS) is calculated using SCCS methodology. A MoS above 100 is generally considered safe. Use the MoS Calculator tool to calculate MoS for your specific formulation and product category.

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