Excellent Colorant

Iron Oxides

INCI: IRON OXIDES

CAS Number
1309-37-1; 51274-00-1; 1317-61-9
Function
Inorganic colorant; provides black, red, yellow, and brown shades in waterproof mascara, eyeliner, and color cosmetics; must be uniformly dispersed in wax matrix
Safety Rating
EXCELLENT

Regulatory Status

🇪🇺 EU Status permitted
EU Max Conc. Annex IV permitted colorants for eye-area use (CI 77491, 77492, 77499); purity: arsenic ≤3 ppm, lead ≤10 ppm, mercury ≤1 ppm
🇺🇸 US Status permitted
US Notes Approved under 21 CFR 73.2250 as color additive exempt from batch certification. Permitted for use in cosmetics including eye area. Only synthetically prepared iron oxides permitted. Impurity limits: As ≤3 ppm, Pb ≤10 ppm, Hg ≤3 ppm. CIR deferred to FDA.

For full compliance data across 55 jurisdictions, use the Substance Compliance tool.

Safety Data

Margin of Safety (MoS)
not established
Dermal Absorption
negligible
Sensitization
none

Calculate MoS for your specific formulation with the MoS Calculator.

Expert Verdict

CI 77491 (Fe2O3, 1309-37-1), CI 77492 (FeOOH, 51274-00-1), CI 77499 (Fe3O4, 1317-61-9). EU: Annex IV Part 1 listed colorant under EC 1223/2009; permitted without restriction in all cosmetic product types when purity requirements are met. US: Approved color additive under 21 CFR 73.2250, exempt from batch certification; permitted including eye area; only synthetically prepared forms permitted; As ≤3 ppm, Pb ≤10 ppm, Hg ≤3 ppm.

⚠️
Concern Level: None

Regulatory Flags

color-additive fda-approved eu-annex-iv batch-certification-exempt eye-area-permitted heavy-metal-limits synthetic-only nano-form-regulated inorganic-pigment

Frequently Asked Questions

Is Iron Oxides safe in cosmetics?

CI 77491 (Fe2O3, 1309-37-1), CI 77492 (FeOOH, 51274-00-1), CI 77499 (Fe3O4, 1317-61-9). EU: Annex IV Part 1 listed colorant under EC 1223/2009; permitted without restriction in all cosmetic product types when purity requirements are met. US: Approved color additive under 21 CFR 73.2250, exempt from batch certification; permitted including eye area; only synthetically prepared forms permitted; As ≤3 ppm, Pb ≤10 ppm, Hg ≤3 ppm. The EU classifies Iron Oxides as "permitted". Safety rating: EXCELLENT.

Is Iron Oxides allowed in the EU?

Iron Oxides EU regulatory status: permitted. Maximum allowed concentration: Annex IV permitted colorants for eye-area use (CI 77491, 77492, 77499); purity: arsenic ≤3 ppm, lead ≤10 ppm, mercury ≤1 ppm. This is based on EU Regulation 1223/2009 and its amendments.

What does Iron Oxides do in cosmetics?

Iron Oxides functions as: Inorganic colorant; provides black, red, yellow, and brown shades in waterproof mascara, eyeliner, and color cosmetics; must be uniformly dispersed in wax matrix. It is classified as a Colorant in our database. CAS number: 1309-37-1; 51274-00-1; 1317-61-9.

What is the Margin of Safety for Iron Oxides?

not established The Margin of Safety (MoS) is calculated using SCCS methodology. A MoS above 100 is generally considered safe. Use the MoS Calculator tool to calculate MoS for your specific formulation and product category.

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