Is 2-NAPHTHOL safe in cosmetics?
2-NAPHTHOL has a safety rating of "MODERATE" in our database. EU status: restricted.
2-NAPHTHOL
Also known as: 2-naftol, Caswell No. 590, Developer sodium, EINECS 205-182-7, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 010301 (+13 more)
2-NAPHTHOL (CAS 135-19-3) is a cosmetic cosmetic ingredient functioning as Hair Dyeing, Perfuming. NOAEL 150 mg/kg bw/day (cross-referenced against ToxValDB ECHA IUCLID); EU Regulation 1223/2009 status: restricted, max II/241. Industrial safety data is also available in the chemical safety database. Same-CAS public records also appear in industrial chemical safety and pharmaceutical data.
View industrial chemical safety profile for CAS 135-19-3 →
Auto-generated CPSR Part A draft with source citations
Cross-Vertical Regulatory Divergence
2-NAPHTHOL is classified GHS Danger (H302, H332, H317, H318, H400, H319, H371, H372) in the chemicals database but is restricted in EU cosmetics at max II/241.
Source: Cosmetics: ingredients.eu status/eu max; Chemicals: ghs classifications.signal word/hazard statement code
Function
Hair Dyeing, Perfuming
Safety Rating
MODERATE
Chemistry & Identifiers
IUPAC Name
naphthalen-2-ol
InChIKey
JWAZRIHNYRIHIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Regulatory Status
EU EU Status
restricted
EU Max Conc.
II/241
US US Status
Not specifically regulated
For full compliance data across multiple jurisdictions, use the Substance Compliance tool.
GHS Hazard Classification
Globally Harmonized System classification per ECHA C&L inventory and ILO/WHO International Chemical Safety Cards.
Short-term Exposure Effects
The substance is severely irritating to the eyes.
Long-term Exposure Effects
Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization. The substance may have effects on the kidneys, blood and eyes. This may result in kidney impairment, anaemia and lens opacities.
Routes of Exposure
The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol, through the skin and by ingestion.
Pre-Calculated Safety Assessment
Pre-calculated NOAEL → SED → MoS audit trail for 2-NAPHTHOL across SCCS product categories, with measured dermal absorption where available.
EU CLP Annex VI Harmonized Classification
Legally binding harmonized classification per Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP) Annex VI.
Signal Word
Warning
Pictograms
Harmful / IrritantEnvironmental Hazard
Hazard Class and Category
Acute Tox. 4 *; Acute Tox. 4 *; Aquatic Acute 1
Hazard Statements
- H332 Harmful if inhaled
- H302 Harmful if swallowed
- H400 Very toxic to aquatic life
Inserted via ATP: CLP00
ECHA REACH Registration
European Chemicals Agency REACH dossier and Substances of Very High Concern listing.
Registration Type
Full
Tonnage Band
10 - 100 tonnes
Substance Type
SUBSTANCE
SVHC Candidate
No
Hazard classification: Restricted (Annex XVII)
EU CosIng Annex Listing
European Commission CosIng database Annex references per Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009.
Annex II — Prohibited
Ref: 241
(EC) 2009/1223
Expanded Jurisdictional Detail
Additional regulatory detail beyond the 7-jurisdiction summary: Saudi SFDA, Korea MFDS, ASEAN ACD, Japan/Korea, Brazil/India, and cross-jurisdictional restriction entries.
SA Saudi SFDA (II - Prohibited)
ASEAN Cosmetic Directive (II)
Ref: 241
BRIN Brazil/India Cosmetics
Brazil: Prohibited
India: Prohibited (GNRAS)
Additional Jurisdictional Restrictions (5)
| Jurisdiction | Status | Max % | Product Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN | banned | - | - |
| IN | banned | - | all cosmetics |
| GCC | banned | - | All cosmetics |
| CA | banned | - | - |
| KR | prohibited | - | - |
Expanded Dermal Absorption Data
Cross-database dermal penetration: EPA Dryad physics-based, Roberts Mendeley permeation, and SCCS-aggregated measured values.
Roberts Skin Permeation (Mendeley 2022)
MW: 144.2
Log Kow: 2.71
Log Kp: -1.5543957967264024
Log Jmax: -6.71
Source: Roberts Cheruvu Mendeley 2022
PubChem Annotations
Safety and regulatory annotations from PubChem (NCBI) aggregated sources.
Safety (4)
Carcinogen Classification
No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
Endocrine Disruptors
Potential endocrine disrupting compound
Source: NORMAN Suspect List Exchange
ICSC Safety Card
0719
Source: WHO/JECFA
Skin Eye Respiratory Irritation
A skin and eye irritant. | Irritates skin and eyes.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Function Categories & List Membership
Cosmetic/Chemical Function Categories
Dye
Fragrance
Intermediate
Regulatory List Membership (3)
EU Banned in Cosmetics
FDA Indirect Food Contact Additives
EU CosIng Cosmetics Ingredient Database
Expert Verdict
Expert safety assessment and concern-level summary for 2-NAPHTHOL.
Regulatory Flags
cosing-sourced
eu-restricted
fragrance
needs-enrichment
endocrine_disruptor
eu_banned_cosmetics
eu_cosing_listed
NOAEL Studies Summary
View details ->Public NOAEL study rows linked to 2-NAPHTHOL by CAS number or substance name.
Studies
3
Lowest NOAEL
150 mg/kg bw/day
Highest NOAEL
150 mg/kg bw/day
ECHA
Known Synonyms
2-naftol
Caswell No. 590
Developer sodium
EINECS 205-182-7
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 010301
beta-Monoxynaphthalene
NAPHTHOL, BETA
UNII-P2Z71CIK5H
2-Naftolo
2-Naphtol
Antioxygene BN
Hydronaphthol
Trimetin
beta-Naftol
beta-Naftolo
beta-Naphthyl hydroxide
beta-Naphtol
beta-Napthol
Chemical Function
Fragrance
Dye
Intermediate
Regulatory Lists
inert_ingredient; non_food_use; Pesticides
Arts and crafts/Office supplies - general arts and crafts supplies - arts and crafts paint; Europe
Arts and crafts/Office supplies - general arts and crafts supplies - arts and crafts paint; Europe
Indirect additives food contact (10/2018)
banned; Europe; Personal care
Australian Status
AICIS status: listed
Cross-Vertical Safety Context
Same-CAS public records found in pharmaceutical data.
SOURCE
ChEMBL / DrugCentral / FAERS
DB_PHARMA CAS match
Pharmaceutical Data
Same-CAS rows from the pharmaceutical spoke database.
Compound
BETANAPHTHOL
ChEMBL ID
CHEMBL14126
Max Phase
-1
Frequently Asked Questions
Is 2-NAPHTHOL allowed in the EU?
2-NAPHTHOL EU regulatory status: restricted. Maximum allowed concentration: II/241. This is based on EU Regulation 1223/2009 and its amendments.
What does 2-NAPHTHOL do in cosmetics?
2-NAPHTHOL functions as: Hair Dyeing, Perfuming. It is classified as a cosmetic ingredient in our database. CAS number: 135-19-3.
Is 2-NAPHTHOL used outside cosmetics?
2-NAPHTHOL also appears in industrial chemical safety and pharmaceutical data. The cross-vertical cards on this page render same-CAS public rows from the matched databases.
Does 2-NAPHTHOL have different safety status in cosmetics vs industrial chemicals?
2-NAPHTHOL is classified GHS Danger (H302, H332, H317, H318, H400, H319, H371, H372) in the chemicals database but is restricted in EU cosmetics at max II/241.
Compliance Tools
Check 2-NAPHTHOL compliance across multiple jurisdictions:
Ingredient Decoder
Paste a full ingredient list for instant analysis
82 Allergen Checker
Check for EU declarable fragrance allergens
Substance Compliance
Check compliance across multiple jurisdictions
MoS Calculator
Calculate Margin of Safety using SCCS methodology
Heavy Metal Limits
Compare limits across jurisdictions
Related Ingredients
(CALENDULA OFFICINALIS/SAFFLOWER FLOWER)/(ACHILLEA MILLEFOLIUM FLOWER/LEAF/STEM)/(VACCINIUM MYRTILLUS/VITEX AGNUS-CASTUS FRUIT)/RHUS CHINENSIS GALL/WALNUT HUSK/(CAMELLIA SINENSIS/NETTLE LEAF)/(JUNIPERUS COMMUNIS LEAF/STEM)/HORSE CHESTNUT NUT/DICHROA FEBRIFUGA ROOT/GRAPE SEED/ACACIA CATECHU WOOD/GOLDENROD/HYPERICUM PERFORATUM EXTRACT
Good
Same category
Hair Dyeing
2,2'-METHYLENEBIS-4-AMINOPHENOL
Good
Same category
Hair Dyeing
2,6-DIAMINOPYRIDINE
Good
Same category
Hair Dyeing
2-METHOXYMETHYL-P-PHENYLENEDIAMINE
Good
Same category
Hair Dyeing
N,N'-BIS(2-HYDROXYETHYL)-2-NITRO-P-PHENYLENEDIAMINE
Good
Same category
Hair Dyeing
N-ISOPROPYL 4,5-DIAMINO PYRAZOLE SULFATE
Good
Same category
Hair Dyeing
(20S)-Protopanaxadiol
Moderate
Similar safety
(Cnidium Officinale/Coptis Chinensis/Glycyrrhiza Uralensis) Root Extract
Moderate
Similar safety
Skin conditioning
(Cryptomeria Japonica/Chamaecyparis Obtusa) Stem Ferment Extract
Moderate
Similar safety
Antimicrobial, antioxidant, humectant
(Eclipta Prostrata/Houttuynia Cordata) Leaf Extract
Moderate
Similar safety
Skin conditioning
(Lepidium Meyenii/Sarcodon Aspratus) Root Water
Moderate
Similar safety
Skin conditioning
(Licorice/Reynoutria Japonica) Root/Stem Extract
Moderate
Similar safety
Skin conditioning, antioxidant
2-Naphthol (β-Naphthol) 🔴
Poor
Chemical family
Historically used as hair dye coupler...
Disodium Hydroxyethyliminodiacetate
Poor
Chemical family
Chelating agent (HEIDA salt — structu...
Isopropylquinoline
Moderate
Chemical family
Fragrance (perfuming agent)
Is 2-NAPHTHOL in Your Products?
Scan any product label with Piro — our free ingredient scanner. Point your camera at the ingredients list and get instant safety scores for every ingredient.
Try Piro Free →Analyze Your Full Ingredient List
Paste any INCI list into the Decoder for instant safety analysis, or calculate the Margin of Safety for 2-NAPHTHOL in your formulation.