Is 2-Naphthol (β-Naphthol) 🔴 safe in cosmetics?
2-Naphthol (β-Naphthol) 🔴 has a safety rating of "POOR" in our database. EU status: prohibited. US status: permitted.
2-Naphthol (β-Naphthol) 🔴
Also known as: 2-naftol, Caswell No. 590, Developer sodium, EINECS 205-182-7, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 010301 (+13 more)
INCI: 2-NAPHTHOL
2-Naphthol (β-Naphthol) 🔴 (CAS 135-19-3) is a cosmetic cosmetic ingredient functioning as Historically used as hair dye coupler and antiseptic. NOAEL 150 mg/kg bw/day (cross-referenced against ToxValDB ECHA IUCLID); EU Regulation 1223/2009 status: prohibited. Industrial safety data is also available in the chemical safety database. Same-CAS public records also appear in industrial chemical safety and pharmaceutical data.
View industrial chemical safety profile for CAS 135-19-3 →
Auto-generated CPSR Part A draft with source citations
Cross-Vertical Regulatory Divergence
2-Naphthol (β-Naphthol) 🔴 is prohibited in EU cosmetics but has active industrial GHS classifications (H302, H332, H317, H318, H400, H319, H371, H372).
Source: Cosmetics: ingredients.eu_status; Chemicals: ghs_classifications.signal_word/hazard_statement_code
Function
Historically used as hair dye coupler and antiseptic
Safety Rating
POOR
Chemistry & Identifiers
IUPAC Name
naphthalen-2-ol
InChIKey
JWAZRIHNYRIHIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Regulatory Status
EU EU Status
prohibited
US US Status
permitted
US Notes
Not FDA-approved as a color additive; subject to stringent regulatory scrutiny. The related 1-Naphthol is CIR-reviewed as safe up to 3% in hair coloring, but 2-Naphthol has a worse toxicological profile
For full compliance data across multiple jurisdictions, use the Substance Compliance tool.
Safety Data
Margin of Safety, dermal absorption, and sensitization profile summaries for 2-Naphthol (β-Naphthol) 🔴.
Calculate MoS for your specific formulation with the MoS Calculator.
GHS Hazard Classification
Globally Harmonized System classification per ECHA C&L inventory and ILO/WHO International Chemical Safety Cards.
Short-term Exposure Effects
The substance is severely irritating to the eyes.
Long-term Exposure Effects
Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization. The substance may have effects on the kidneys, blood and eyes. This may result in kidney impairment, anaemia and lens opacities.
Routes of Exposure
The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol, through the skin and by ingestion.
Pre-Calculated Safety Assessment
Pre-calculated NOAEL → SED → MoS audit trail for 2-Naphthol (β-Naphthol) 🔴 across SCCS product categories, with measured dermal absorption where available.
EU CLP Annex VI Harmonized Classification
Legally binding harmonized classification per Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP) Annex VI.
Signal Word
Warning
Pictograms
Harmful / IrritantEnvironmental Hazard
Hazard Class and Category
Acute Tox. 4 *; Acute Tox. 4 *; Aquatic Acute 1
Hazard Statements
- H332 Harmful if inhaled
- H302 Harmful if swallowed
- H400 Very toxic to aquatic life
Inserted via ATP: CLP00
ECHA REACH Registration
European Chemicals Agency REACH dossier and Substances of Very High Concern listing.
Registration Type
Full
Tonnage Band
10 - 100 tonnes
Substance Type
SUBSTANCE
SVHC Candidate
No
Hazard classification: Restricted (Annex XVII)
EU CosIng Annex Listing
European Commission CosIng database Annex references per Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009.
Annex II — Prohibited
Ref: 241
(EC) 2009/1223
Expanded Jurisdictional Detail
Additional regulatory detail beyond the 7-jurisdiction summary: Saudi SFDA, Korea MFDS, ASEAN ACD, Japan/Korea, Brazil/India, and cross-jurisdictional restriction entries.
SA Saudi SFDA (II - Prohibited)
ASEAN Cosmetic Directive (II)
Ref: 241
BRIN Brazil/India Cosmetics
Brazil: Prohibited
India: Prohibited (GNRAS)
Additional Jurisdictional Restrictions (5)
| Jurisdiction | Status | Max % | Product Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN | banned | - | - |
| IN | banned | - | all cosmetics |
| GCC | banned | - | All cosmetics |
| CA | banned | - | - |
| KR | prohibited | - | - |
Expanded Dermal Absorption Data
Cross-database dermal penetration: EPA Dryad physics-based, Roberts Mendeley permeation, and SCCS-aggregated measured values.
Roberts Skin Permeation (Mendeley 2022)
MW: 144.2
Log Kow: 2.71
Log Kp: -1.5543957967264024
Log Jmax: -6.71
Source: Roberts_Cheruvu_Mendeley_2022
PubChem Annotations
Safety and regulatory annotations from PubChem (NCBI) aggregated sources.
Safety (4)
Carcinogen Classification
No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
Source: Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
Endocrine Disruptors
Potential endocrine disrupting compound
Source: NORMAN Suspect List Exchange
ICSC Safety Card
0719
Source: ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
Skin Eye Respiratory Irritation
A skin and eye irritant. | Irritates skin and eyes.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Function Categories & List Membership
Cosmetic/Chemical Function Categories
Dye
Fragrance
Intermediate
Regulatory List Membership (3)
EU Banned in Cosmetics
FDA Indirect Food Contact Additives
EU CosIng Cosmetics Ingredient Database
Expert Verdict
Expert safety assessment and concern-level summary for 2-Naphthol (β-Naphthol) 🔴.
Regulatory Flags
eu_banned_cosmetics
eu_cosing_listed
NOAEL Studies Summary
View details ->Public NOAEL study rows linked to 2-Naphthol (β-Naphthol) 🔴 by CAS number or substance name.
Studies
3
Lowest NOAEL
150 mg/kg bw/day
Highest NOAEL
150 mg/kg bw/day
ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip
Known Synonyms
2-naftol
Caswell No. 590
Developer sodium
EINECS 205-182-7
EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 010301
beta-Monoxynaphthalene
NAPHTHOL, BETA
UNII-P2Z71CIK5H
2-Naftolo
2-Naphtol
Antioxygene BN
Hydronaphthol
Trimetin
beta-Naftol
beta-Naftolo
beta-Naphthyl hydroxide
beta-Naphtol
beta-Napthol
Chemical Function
Fragrance
Dye
Intermediate
Regulatory Lists
inert_ingredient; non_food_use; Pesticides
Arts and crafts/Office supplies - general arts and crafts supplies - arts and crafts paint; Europe
Arts and crafts/Office supplies - general arts and crafts supplies - arts and crafts paint; Europe
Indirect additives food contact (10/2018)
banned; Europe; Personal care
Australian Status
AICIS status: listed
Cross-Vertical Safety Context
Same-CAS public records found in pharmaceutical data.
SOURCE
ChEMBL / DrugCentral / FAERS
DB_PHARMA CAS match
Pharmaceutical Data
Same-CAS rows from the pharmaceutical spoke database.
Compound
BETANAPHTHOL
ChEMBL ID
CHEMBL14126
Max Phase
-1
Frequently Asked Questions
Is 2-Naphthol (β-Naphthol) 🔴 allowed in the EU?
2-Naphthol (β-Naphthol) 🔴 EU regulatory status: prohibited. This is based on EU Regulation 1223/2009 and its amendments.
What does 2-Naphthol (β-Naphthol) 🔴 do in cosmetics?
2-Naphthol (β-Naphthol) 🔴 functions as: Historically used as hair dye coupler and antiseptic. It is classified as a cosmetic ingredient in our database. CAS number: 135-19-3.
Is 2-Naphthol (β-Naphthol) 🔴 used outside cosmetics?
2-Naphthol (β-Naphthol) 🔴 also appears in industrial chemical safety and pharmaceutical data. The cross-vertical cards on this page render same-CAS public rows from the matched databases.
Does 2-Naphthol (β-Naphthol) 🔴 have different safety status in cosmetics vs industrial chemicals?
2-Naphthol (β-Naphthol) 🔴 is prohibited in EU cosmetics but has active industrial GHS classifications (H302, H332, H317, H318, H400, H319, H371, H372).
Compliance Tools
Check 2-Naphthol (β-Naphthol) 🔴 compliance across multiple jurisdictions:
Ingredient Decoder
Paste a full ingredient list for instant analysis
82 Allergen Checker
Check for EU declarable fragrance allergens
Substance Compliance
Check compliance across multiple jurisdictions
MoS Calculator
Calculate Margin of Safety using SCCS methodology
Heavy Metal Limits
Compare limits across jurisdictions
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