Is Galaxolide safe in cosmetics?
Galaxolide has a safety rating of "MODERATE" in our database. EU status: restricted. US status: permitted. 2 toxicological study endpoint(s) are available in our database.
Galaxolide
Also known as: 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahidro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexametilindeno[5,6-c]pirano, 1,3,4,6,7,8-HEXAHYDRO-4,6,6,7,8,8- HEXAMETHYL CYCLOPENTA-γ-2-BENZOPYRAN, 1,3,4,6,7,8-HEXAHYDRO-4,6,6,7,8,8-HEXAMETHYL CYCLOPENTA-[g]-2-BENZOPYRAN, 1,3,4,6,7,8-Hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclo-penta[g]-2-benzo pyrane, 1,3,4,6,7,8-Hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta[g]-2-benzopyran (+11 more)
INCI: HEXAMETHYLINDANOPYRAN
Galaxolide (CAS 1222-05-5) is a cosmetic fragrance functioning as Fragrance fixative (polycyclic synthetic musk, sweet floral-musky scent). Reported NOAEL =30 mg/kg bw/day in Rabbit (ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID); EU Regulation 1223/2009 status: restricted, max Labeling required above 10 ppm leave-on / 100 ppm rinse-off. Industrial safety data is also available in the chemical safety database. Same-CAS public records also appear in industrial chemical safety and pharmaceutical data.
View industrial chemical safety profile for CAS 1222-05-5 →
Auto-generated CPSR Part A draft with source citations
Cross-Vertical Regulatory Divergence
Galaxolide is classified GHS CMR hazard (H400, H410, H361) in the chemicals database but is restricted in EU cosmetics at max Labeling required above 10 ppm leave-on / 100 ppm rinse-off.
Source: Cosmetics: ingredients.eu_status/eu_max; Chemicals: ghs_classifications.signal_word/hazard_statement_code
Function
Fragrance fixative (polycyclic synthetic musk, sweet floral-musky scent)
Safety Rating
MODERATE
Chemistry & Identifiers
IUPAC Name
4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-1,3,4,7-tetrahydrocyclopenta[g]isochromene
InChIKey
ONKNPOPIGWHAQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Regulatory Status
EU EU Status
restricted
EU Max Conc.
Labeling required above 10 ppm leave-on / 100 ppm rinse-off
US US Status
permitted
US Notes
EPA has established usage limits and environmental guidelines; subject to REACH scrutiny
For full compliance data across multiple jurisdictions, use the Substance Compliance tool.
Safety Data
Margin of Safety, dermal absorption, and sensitization profile summaries for Galaxolide.
Calculate MoS for your specific formulation with the MoS Calculator.
Toxicological Studies
2 study endpoints found for Galaxolide. NOAEL (No Observed Adverse Effect Level) values are used to calculate the Margin of Safety per SCCS methodology.
| Endpoint | Value | Route | Species | Study Type | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NOAEL | =30 mg/kg bw/day | oral | Rabbit | reproduction developmental | ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID |
| NOAEL | =300 mg/kg bw/day | oral | Rabbit | developmental | ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID |
Sensitization Profile
Contact sensitization data for Galaxolide based on clinical patch test studies and IFRA standards.
Sensitization Rate
low
Allergen Class
fragrance
EU Allergen Listed
yes
Patch Test Positive Rate
0.1%
Cross-reactivity Group
none
Reaction Type
contact-dermatitis
IFRA Restricted
Source: EU 2023/1545; SCCS/1459/11
EPA ToxValDB — Toxicity Values
10 toxicity values from EPA ToxValDB (aggregated from CCTE, HPV, ToxRefDB, IRIS, and other regulatory dossiers).
| Endpoint | Value | Species | Route | Duration | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOAEL | =500 mg/kg-day | Rat | oral | short-term (developmental) | EPA TSCA 8e |
| LOAEL | =150 mg/kg-day | Rat | oral | short-term (developmental) | EPA TSCA 8e |
| LOAEL | =500 mg/kg-day | Rat | oral | short-term (developmental) | EPA TSCA 8e |
| NEL | =500 mg/kg-day | Rat | oral | short-term (developmental) | EPA TSCA 8e |
| NOAEL | =50 mg/kg-day | Rat | oral | short-term (developmental) | EPA TSCA 8e |
| NOAEL | =150 mg/kg-day | Rat | oral | short-term (developmental) | EPA TSCA 8e |
| LC50 | >5040 mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | ECHA IUCLID |
| LD50 | >2000 mg/kg | Rat | dermal | acute | ECHA IUCLID |
| LD50 | >2000 mg/kg | Rat | oral | - | ECHA IUCLID |
| LOAEL | =30 mg/kg-day | Rabbit | oral | - | ECHA IUCLID |
EU CLP Annex VI Harmonized Classification
Legally binding harmonized classification per Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP) Annex VI.
Signal Word
Warning
Pictograms
Environmental Hazard
Hazard Class and Category
Aquatic Acute 1; Aquatic Chronic 1
Hazard Statements
- H400 Very toxic to aquatic life
- H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Inserted via ATP: ATP01
HRIPT Human Patch Test Studies
1 human repeat insult patch test aggregated from dermatological literature.
| Test Type | N | Sensitized | Dose µg/cm² | NESIL µg/cm² | Potency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HMT | - | 0 | 9720 | - | - |
Endocrine Disruptor Evidence (Expanded)
Cross-referenced EDC classifications, mechanism data, and dose-response evidence from EDLists, SIN List, and cosmetic-specific detail sources.
Suspected
Evidence: Moderate
(2022)
Health effects: Yes
Affected pathways: Estrogenic
Regulatory framework: REACH
Source list: II
Cosmetic-Specific Mechanism
Category: fragrance
Receptor targets: ERα, AR, PR
LOEC: 100 nM
EU status: allowed (IFRA limits); under environmental review
agonist (ERα); antagonist (AR, PR)
Dose-Response Data Points
| Endpoint | Target | Value | Direction |
|---|---|---|---|
| ER binding/transcription; AR antagonism; PR antagonism | ER (ERa/ERb); AR; PR | EC50/IC50: PR antagonism IC50 ~20 nM; AR IC50 >1 uM; LOEC: 0.02 uM (PR antagonism); NOEC: 0.002 uM mixed | agonist ERa (weak); antagonist ERb; antagonist AR; antagonist PR |
| Progesterone, cortisol, androstenedione, E2, T secretion; 3bHSD2, CYP21 gene expression | steroidogenesis | EC50/IC50: Significant inhibition at >=10 uM in H295R; LOEC: 10 uM; NOEC: 1 uM mixed | inhibitor (downarrow progesterone, downarrow cortisol via downarrow 3bHSD2, downarrow CYP21) |
ECHA REACH Registration
European Chemicals Agency REACH dossier and Substances of Very High Concern listing.
Registration Type
Full
Tonnage Band
1,000 - 10,000 tonnes
Substance Type
SUBSTANCE
SVHC Candidate
No
Hazard classification: Restricted (Annex XVII)
Expanded Jurisdictional Detail
Additional regulatory detail beyond the 7-jurisdiction summary: Saudi SFDA, Korea MFDS, ASEAN ACD, Japan/Korea, Brazil/India, and cross-jurisdictional restriction entries.
Additional Jurisdictional Restrictions (1)
| Jurisdiction | Status | Max % | Product Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| IN | banned | - | all cosmetics |
Additional Ingredient Properties
1 property record from structured ingredient metadata.
allergen_detail
{"eu_allergen_listed": "yes", "allergen_class": "fragrance", "patch_test_frequency_pct": "0.1", "sensitization_rate": "low", "common_reaction_type": "contact-dermatitis", "ifra_restricted": "yes", "source": "EU 2023/1545; SCCS/1459/11"}
PubChem Annotations
Safety and regulatory annotations from PubChem (NCBI) aggregated sources.
Safety (2)
Endocrine Disruptors
Potential endocrine disrupting compound
Source: NORMAN Suspect List Exchange
Skin Eye Respiratory Irritation
A skin irritant.
Source: Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
Function Categories & List Membership
Cosmetic/Chemical Function Categories
Deodorizer
Fragrance
Regulatory List Membership (1)
IFRA Fragrance Transparency List
Expert Verdict
Expert safety assessment and concern-level summary for Galaxolide.
Regulatory Flags
polycyclic-musk
bioaccumulation
environmental-persistence
detected-in-breast-milk
detected-in-blood
reach-regulated
epa-regulated
clean-beauty-concern
ifra_fragrance
NOAEL Studies Summary
View details ->Public NOAEL study rows linked to Galaxolide by CAS number or substance name.
Studies
2
Lowest NOAEL
30 mg/kg bw/day
Highest NOAEL
300 mg/kg bw/day
ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID
Known Synonyms
1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahidro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexametilindeno[5,6-c]pirano
1,3,4,6,7,8-HEXAHYDRO-4,6,6,7,8,8- HEXAMETHYL CYCLOPENTA-γ-2-BENZOPYRAN
1,3,4,6,7,8-HEXAHYDRO-4,6,6,7,8,8-HEXAMETHYL CYCLOPENTA-[g]-2-BENZOPYRAN
1,3,4,6,7,8-Hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclo-penta[g]-2-benzo pyrane
1,3,4,6,7,8-Hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta[g]-2-benzopyran
1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylindeno[5,6-c]pyran
1,3,4,6,7,8-Hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylindeno[5,6-c]pyrane
1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylindeno[5,6-c]pyranne
CYCLOPENTA[G]-2-BENZOPYRAN,1,3,4,6,7,8-HEXAHYDRO- 4,6,6,7,8,8-HEXAMETHYL-
EINECS 214-946-9
Galoxolide
1,3,4,6,7,8-Hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-cyclopenta-gamma-2-benzopyran
Hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta-gamma-2-benzopyran
1,3,4,6,7,8-Hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta(g)-2-benzopyran
UNII-14170060AT
1,3,4,6,7,8-Hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexa-methyl-cyclopenta-(gamma)-2-benzopyran
Chemical Function
Fragrance
Regulatory Lists
IFRA Transparency
Europe
inert_ingredient; non_food_use; Pesticides
Other direct contact consumer goods
detected; MN Chemical Screening; surface_water
detected; MN Chemical Screening; surface_water
detected; MN Chemical Screening; surface_water
detected; wastewater
detected; drinking_water; MN Chemical Screening
detected; drinking_water; MN Chemical Screening
detected; drinking_water; MN Chemical Screening
detected; drinking_water; MN Chemical Screening
Cleaning products and household care - air freshener; Europe
detected; MN Chemical Screening; wastewater
detected; MN Chemical Screening; surface_water
detected; drinking_water; MN Chemical Screening
detected; drinking_water; MN Chemical Screening
detected; MN Chemical Screening; surface_water
Australian Status
AICIS status: listed
Cross-Vertical Safety Context
Same-CAS public records found in pharmaceutical data.
SOURCE
ChEMBL / DrugCentral / FAERS
DB_PHARMA CAS match
Pharmaceutical Data
Same-CAS rows from the pharmaceutical spoke database.
ChEMBL ID
CHEMBL1883305
Frequently Asked Questions
Is Galaxolide allowed in the EU?
Galaxolide EU regulatory status: restricted. Maximum allowed concentration: Labeling required above 10 ppm leave-on / 100 ppm rinse-off. This is based on EU Regulation 1223/2009 and its amendments.
What does Galaxolide do in cosmetics?
Galaxolide functions as: Fragrance fixative (polycyclic synthetic musk, sweet floral-musky scent). It is classified as a Fragrance in our database. CAS number: 1222-05-5.
What is the NOAEL for Galaxolide?
The NOAEL (No Observed Adverse Effect Level) for Galaxolide is =30 mg/kg bw/day based on a reproduction developmental study via oral route in Rabbit. A total of 2 study endpoints are available. Source: ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID.
Is Galaxolide used outside cosmetics?
Galaxolide also appears in industrial chemical safety and pharmaceutical data. The cross-vertical cards on this page render same-CAS public rows from the matched databases.
Does Galaxolide have different safety status in cosmetics vs industrial chemicals?
Galaxolide is classified GHS CMR hazard (H400, H410, H361) in the chemicals database but is restricted in EU cosmetics at max Labeling required above 10 ppm leave-on / 100 ppm rinse-off.
Compliance Tools
Check Galaxolide compliance across multiple jurisdictions:
Ingredient Decoder
Paste a full ingredient list for instant analysis
82 Allergen Checker
Check for EU declarable fragrance allergens
Substance Compliance
Check compliance across multiple jurisdictions
MoS Calculator
Calculate Margin of Safety using SCCS methodology
Heavy Metal Limits
Compare limits across jurisdictions
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