Also known as: TiO2, Atlas white titanium dioxide, Blend White 9202, Brookite, Calcotone White T (+15 more)
INCI: TITANIUM DIOXIDE
Titanium Dioxide (CAS 13463-67-7) is a cosmetic active ingredient functioning as Inorganic UV filter (UVB-primary, limited UVA1); absorption edge ~350–360 nm. NOAEL 1000 mg/kg bw/day (cross-referenced against ToxValDB ECHA IUCLID); EU Regulation 1223/2009 status: restricted, max 25% as UV filter; nano form (20–100 nm range) permitted with specific coating requirements (silica, alumina, dimethicone, stearic acid); banned in spray products; GHS signal word DANGER. Industrial safety data is also available in the chemical safety database. Same-CAS public records also appear in industrial chemical
View industrial chemical safety profile for CAS 13463-67-7 →
Titanium Dioxide is classified GHS CMR hazard (H351) in the chemicals database but is restricted in EU cosmetics at max 25% as UV filter; nano form (20–100 nm range) permitted with specific coating requirements (silica, alumina, dimethicone, stearic acid); banned in spray products.
Source: Cosmetics: ingredients.eu status/eu max; Chemicals: ghs classifications.signal word/hazard statement code
For full compliance data across multiple jurisdictions, use the Substance Compliance tool.
Margin of Safety, dermal absorption, and sensitization profile summaries for Titanium Dioxide.
Calculate MoS for your specific formulation with the MoS Calculator.
10 study endpoints found for Titanium Dioxide. NOAEL (No Observed Adverse Effect Level) values are used to calculate the Margin of Safety per SCCS methodology.
| Endpoint | Value | Route | Species | Study Type | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NOAEL | 1250 mg/kg bw/day | oral | rat | Carcinogenicity | COSMOS DB |
| NOAEL | 5000 mg/kg bw/day | oral | mouse | Special Toxicology Study | COSMOS DB |
| NOAEL | 7500 mg/kg bw/day | oral | mouse | Carcinogenicity | COSMOS DB |
| NOAEL | =250 mg/kg bw/day | - | - | Toxicology study | WHO/JECFA |
| NOAEL | =250 mg/kg bw/day | - | - | Toxicology study | WHO/JECFA |
| NOAEL | =260 mg/kg bw/day | - | Mouse | Chronic toxicity | WHO/JECFA |
| NOAEL | =260 mg/kg bw/day | - | Mouse | Chronic toxicity | WHO/JECFA |
| NOAEL | =1251 mg/kg bw/day | - | - | Toxicology study | WHO/JECFA |
| NOAEL | =1251 mg/kg bw/day | - | - | Toxicology study | WHO/JECFA |
| NOAEL | =62.5 mg/kg bw/d | oral | rat | repeated dose toxicity | SCCS Opinion |
Globally Harmonized System classification per ECHA C&L inventory and ILO/WHO International Chemical Safety Cards.
Official safety assessments from the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety (SCCS) and Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR).
. The CIR Expert Panel concluded that dimethicone is safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and reported concentration ranges when formulated to be non- irritating, with the exception that the available data are insufficient to make a determination of safety for use in products that
n light of this and given the many uncertainties, the panel concluded that E171 should no longer be considered as safe when used as a food additive. In May 2022, the Commission services received a dossier submission by industry accompanied by a comprehensive and up to date review of the genetic toxicity database fo
n light of this and given the many uncertainties, the panel concluded that E171 should no longer be considered as safe when used as a food additive. In May 2022, the Commission services received a dossier submission by industry accompanied by a comprehensive and up to date review of the genetic toxicity database fo
n light of this and given the many uncertainties, the panel concluded that E171 should no longer be considered as safe when used as a food additive. In May 2022, the Commission services received a dossier submission by industry accompanied by a comprehensive and up to date review of the genetic toxicity database fo
n light of this and given the many uncertainties, the panel concluded that E171 should no longer be considered as safe when used as a food additive. In May 2022, the Commission services received a dossier submission by industry accompanied by a comprehensive and up to date review of the genetic toxicity database fo
Pre-calculated NOAEL → SED → MoS audit trail for Titanium Dioxide across SCCS product categories, with measured dermal absorption where available.
NOAEL/LOAEL values cited in official SCCS opinions for Titanium Dioxide.
| NOAEL | LOAEL | Route | Species | Study | DA% (SCCS) | Opinion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| - | - | Inhalation | Rat | Subchronic (90-day) (90 days (inhalation, 6h/day)) | N/A | SCCS/1617/20 (2020) |
Skin absorption and penetration characteristics of Titanium Dioxide, relevant to systemic exposure and MoS calculations.
Source: SCCS Opinion
10 toxicity values from EPA ToxValDB (aggregated from CCTE, HPV, ToxRefDB, IRIS, and other regulatory dossiers).
| Endpoint | Value | Species | Route | Duration | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NOAEL | =2250 mg/kg-day | Rat | oral | chronic | EFSA |
| LC50 | >2280 mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | ECHA |
| LC50 | =5090 mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | ECHA |
| LC50 | =3430 mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | ECHA |
| LC50 | >3560 mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | ECHA |
| LC50 | >6820 mg/m3 | Rat | inhalation | - | ECHA |
| LD50 | >2000 mg/kg | Rat | oral | - | ECHA |
| LD50 | >25000 mg/kg | Rat | oral | - | ECHA |
| LD50 | >5000 mg/kg | Mouse | oral | - | ECHA |
| LD50 | >5000 mg/kg | Rat | oral | - | ECHA |
International Agency for Research on Cancer (WHO) monograph evaluation.
Cross-referenced EDC classifications, mechanism data, and dose-response evidence from EDLists, SIN List, and cosmetic-specific detail sources.
weak modulator (oxidative stress pathway)
European Chemicals Agency REACH dossier and Substances of Very High Concern listing.
European Commission CosIng database Annex references per Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009.
Additional regulatory detail beyond the 7-jurisdiction summary: Saudi SFDA, Korea MFDS, ASEAN ACD, Japan/Korea, Brazil/India, and cross-jurisdictional restriction entries.
| Jurisdiction | Status | Max % | Product Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN | restricted | 25 | Rinse-off and leave-on products (UV use) |
| CN | permitted_uv_filter | 25 | All cosmetics (no aerosol for nano) |
| CN | permitted_colorant | - | All cosmetics (Class 1) |
| IN | permitted_uv_filter | 25.0 | sunscreen and other cosmetic products |
| BR | permitted_uv_filter | 25 | Sunscreen products; nano form NOT permitted in Brazil (unlike EU) |
| BR | permitted_colorant | - | Column 1: All cosmetic products |
| UK | restricted | - | - |
| ASEAN | permitted_uv_filter | 25% | - |
Cross-database dermal penetration: EPA Dryad physics-based, Roberts Mendeley permeation, and SCCS-aggregated measured values.
| Type | DA % | Method | Skin Model | SCCS Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| measured_in_vitro | 0.0 | In vivo — human & animal studies (tape-stripping, histology, ICP-MS) | - | SCCS/1516/13 (2013) (2013) |
| measured_in_vitro | 0.03 | - | - | SCCS/1516/13 |
| measured_in_vitro | 0.175 | - | - | SCCS/1516/13 |
| measured_in_vitro | 0.03 | - | - | SCCS/1516/13 |
Reported concentration ranges per product category from SCCS/CIR/industry sources.
| Product Category | Typical Range | Max Reported | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sunscreen | 2–25 | 25 | CIR Safety Assessment |
| Foundation | 3–20 | 25 | CIR Safety Assessment |
| Face Powder | 5–25 | 60 | CIR Safety Assessment |
Preliminary editorial summary for Titanium Dioxide — not a computed safety verdict. See the sourced toxicological data above.
Public NOAEL study rows linked to Titanium Dioxide by CAS number or substance name.
Units vary across source rows: mg/kg bw/d, mg/kg bw/day
| Absorption % | Method | Vehicle |
|---|---|---|
| 0.0 | In vivo — human & animal studies (tape-stripping, histology, ICP-MS) | Sunscreen formulations (various) |
| 0.03 | - | - |
| 0.175 | - | - |
| 0.03 | - | - |
Same-CAS public records found in pharmaceutical and food safety data.
Same-CAS rows from the pharmaceutical spoke database.
Same-CAS food additive or FDA GRAS records from the core public database.
Titanium Dioxide has a safety rating of "EXCELLENT" in our database. EU status: restricted. US status: permitted. 10 toxicological study endpoint(s) are available in our database. This ingredient has been reviewed by SCCS Opinion.
Titanium Dioxide EU regulatory status: restricted. Maximum allowed concentration: 25% as UV filter; nano form (20–100 nm range) permitted with specific coating requirements (silica, alumina, dimethicone, stearic acid); banned in spray products. This is based on EU Regulation 1223/2009 and its amendments.
Titanium Dioxide functions as: Inorganic UV filter (UVB-primary, limited UVA1); absorption edge ~350–360 nm provides strong UVB and UVA2 coverage with limited UVA1 protection above 360 nm; reflects, scatters, and absorbs UV; rutile polymorph preferred for sunscreens (lower photocatalytic activity than anatase); also used as opacifier and colorant (CI 77891). It is classified as a Active Ingredient in our database. CAS number: 13463-67-7.
The NOAEL (No Observed Adverse Effect Level) for Titanium Dioxide is 1250 mg/kg bw/day based on a Carcinogenicity study via oral route in rat. A total of 10 study endpoints are available. Source: COSMOS DB.
Titanium Dioxide carries a GHS signal word of "DANGER". Hazard statements: Causes damage to respiratory system through prolonged or repeated exposure if inhaled Suspected of causing cancer. This classification is based on the ILO/WHO International Chemical Safety Card and ECHA C&L inventory data. Note: GHS classification applies to the pure substance — at cosmetic use concentrations, hazard thresholds may not be met.
Titanium Dioxide also appears in industrial chemical safety, pharmaceutical, and food safety data. The cross-vertical cards on this page render same-CAS public rows from the matched databases.
Titanium Dioxide is classified GHS CMR hazard (H351) in the chemicals database but is restricted in EU cosmetics at max 25% as UV filter; nano form (20–100 nm range) permitted with specific coating requirements (silica, alumina, dimethicone, stearic acid); banned in spray products.
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