Is Cinnamyl Alcohol safe in cosmetics?
Cinnamyl Alcohol has a safety rating of "MODERATE" in our database. EU status: restricted. US status: permitted. 1 toxicological study endpoint(s) are available in our database.
Cinnamyl Alcohol
Also known as: 1-06-00-00281, BRN 1903999, EINECS 203-212-3, FEMA No. 2294, gamma-Phenylallyl alcohol (+5 more)
INCI: CINNAMYL ALCOHOL
Cinnamyl Alcohol (CAS 104-54-1) is a cosmetic fragrance functioning as Fragrance ingredient. NOAEL 53.5 mg/kg bw/day (cross-referenced against ToxValDB ECHA IUCLID); EU Regulation 1223/2009 status: restricted, max 0.001% (leave-on); 0.01% (rinse-off). Industrial safety data is also available in the chemical safety database. Same-CAS public records also appear in industrial chemical safety data.
View industrial chemical safety profile for CAS 104-54-1 →
Auto-generated CPSR Part A draft with source citations
Function
Fragrance ingredient
Safety Rating
MODERATE
Regulatory Status
EU EU Status
restricted
EU Max Conc.
0.001% (leave-on); 0.01% (rinse-off)
US US Status
permitted
US Notes
IFRA restricts by product category; pro-hapten chemistry noted
For full compliance data across multiple jurisdictions, use the Substance Compliance tool.
Safety Data
Margin of Safety, dermal absorption, and sensitization profile summaries for Cinnamyl Alcohol.
Calculate MoS for your specific formulation with the MoS Calculator.
Toxicological Studies
1 study endpoint found for Cinnamyl Alcohol. NOAEL (No Observed Adverse Effect Level) values are used to calculate the Margin of Safety per SCCS methodology.
| Endpoint | Value | Route | Species | Study Type | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NOAEL | =1000 mg/kg bw/day | oral | Rat | short-term | ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID |
Pre-Calculated Safety Assessment
Pre-calculated NOAEL → SED → MoS audit trail for Cinnamyl Alcohol across SCCS product categories, with measured dermal absorption where available.
Sensitization Profile
Contact sensitization data for Cinnamyl Alcohol based on clinical patch test studies and IFRA standards.
Sensitization Rate
moderate
Allergen Class
fragrance
EU Allergen Listed
yes
Patch Test Positive Rate
2.1%
Cross-reactivity Group
balsam-of-peru-group
Reaction Type
contact-dermatitis
IFRA Restricted
— max 0.8% in finished products
Source: ESSCA/IVDK
Dermal Penetration Profile
Skin absorption and penetration characteristics of Cinnamyl Alcohol, relevant to systemic exposure and MoS calculations.
Absorption %
20-30%
Penetration Level
epidermis
Penetration Depth
epidermis/dermis
Molecular Weight
134.2 Da
Log P
1.54
Systemic Absorption
yes
Topical Bioavailability
15-26%
Safety Margin Factor
high
Vehicle Dependent
Yes — absorption varies by formulation
Source: SCCS/1459/11, IFRA
EPA ToxValDB — Toxicity Values
9 toxicity values from EPA ToxValDB (aggregated from CCTE, HPV, ToxRefDB, IRIS, and other regulatory dossiers).
| Endpoint | Value | Species | Route | Duration | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NOAEL | =1000 mg/kg-day | Rat | oral | short-term | ECHA IUCLID |
| NOAEL | >=350 mg/kg-day | Rat | oral | - | ECHA IUCLID |
| NOAEL | >=350 mg/kg-day | Rat | oral | - | ECHA IUCLID |
| LD50 | >5000 mg/kg | Rabbit | dermal | - | ECHA IUCLID |
| NOAEL | =275 mg/kg-day | Rat | oral | chronic | EFSA |
| LD50 | =2675 mg/kg | Guinea Pig | oral | - | ChemIDplus |
| LD50 | =2675 mg/kg | Mouse | oral | - | ChemIDplus |
| LD50 | >5000 mg/kg | Rabbit | dermal | - | ChemIDplus |
| LD50 | =2000 mg/kg | Rat | oral | - | ChemIDplus |
Sensitization AOP Dashboard
Adverse Outcome Pathway data across 5 assays (DPRA, KeratinoSens, hCLAT, LLNA, NESIL) aggregated from public sources.
DPRA Cys %
9.33%
DPRA Lys %
3.55%
KeratinoSens IC50
2000 µM
hCLAT CV75
237.45 µg/mL
LLNA EC3
21%
NESIL
2483 µg/cm²
LLNA: Weak (1B)
GHS: 1B
Human: positive
Source: LLNA: Gerberick et al. (2005) (RIFM DB#496338) | Elahi et al. (2004); DPRA: Natsch et al. 2013 [DOI:10.1002/jat.2868] | Bauch et al. 2011 [DOI:10.1016/j.tiv.2011.05.030]; KS: Emter et al. 2010 [DOI:10.1016/j.taap.2010.03.009] | Bauch et al. 2011 [DOI:10.1016/j.tiv.2011.05.030]; hCLAT: Bauch et al. 2011 [DOI:10.1016/j.tiv.2011.05.030] | Ashikaga et al. 2010 [DOI:10.1177/026119291003800403]; HPPT: [103] Greif N (1967): Cutaneous safety of fragrance material as measured by the maximization test.
HRIPT Human Patch Test Studies
5 human repeat insult patch tests aggregated from dermatological literature.
| Test Type | N | Sensitized | Dose µg/cm² | NESIL µg/cm² | Potency |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HRIPT | 106 | 0 | 2953 | 2953 | non-sensitizer |
| HMT | - | 0 | 2482.76 | - | - |
| HMT | - | 0 | 2700 | - | - |
| HMT | - | 0 | 2400 | - | - |
| HMT | - | 0 | 6750 | - | - |
Endocrine Disruptor Evidence (Expanded)
Cross-referenced EDC classifications, mechanism data, and dose-response evidence from EDLists, SIN List, and cosmetic-specific detail sources.
Cosmetic-Specific Mechanism
Category: fragrance
Receptor targets: ERα (limited)
LOEC: 100 µM
EU status: allowed (allergen labeling; max 0.05% leave-on)
weak modulator
ECHA REACH Registration
European Chemicals Agency REACH dossier and Substances of Very High Concern listing.
Registration Type
Full
Tonnage Band
100 - 1,000 tonnes
Substance Type
SUBSTANCE
SVHC Candidate
No
Expanded Jurisdictional Detail
Additional regulatory detail beyond the 7-jurisdiction summary: Saudi SFDA, Korea MFDS, ASEAN ACD, Japan/Korea, Brazil/India, and cross-jurisdictional restriction entries.
SA Saudi SFDA (III - Restricted)
BRIN Brazil/India Cosmetics
Brazil: Restricted (Fragrance Allergen) · max >0.001% leave-on / >0.01% rinse-off requires labeling
India: Restricted
Expanded Dermal Absorption Data
Cross-database dermal penetration: EPA Dryad physics-based, Roberts Mendeley permeation, and SCCS-aggregated measured values.
EPA Dryad Skin Absorption (physics-based)
MW: 134.178
LogP: 1.74481
Kp epidermis: 0.0332 cm/h
% dose epidermis: 0.95%
% dose stratum corneum: 0.96%
% dose dermis: 0.95%
Source: EPA_Dryad_Skin_Absorption_2024
Roberts Skin Permeation (Mendeley 2022)
MW: 134.18
Log Kow: 1.791
Log Kp: -1.4789034162109513
Log Jmax: -6.282079539499074
Source: Roberts_Cheruvu_Mendeley_2022
Aggregated DA Values (1 records across 5 sources)
| Type | DA % | Method | Skin Model | SCCS Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| measured_in_vitro | 33.9 | In vitro; excised human skin; flow-through diffusion cells | Human excised skin (non-occluded) | Bronaugh et al. 1985 (Food Chem Toxicol); Smith et al. 2000 (1985) |
Additional Ingredient Properties
5 property records from structured ingredient metadata.
allergen_detail
{"eu_allergen_listed": "yes", "allergen_class": "fragrance", "cross_reactivity_group": "balsam-of-peru-group", "patch_test_frequency_pct": "2.1", "sensitization_rate": "moderate", "common_reaction_type": "contact-dermatitis", "ifra_restricted": "yes", "ifra_max_level_pct": "0.8", "source": "ESSCA/IVDK"}
dermal_absorption
{"molecular_weight_da": "134.2", "log_p_value": "1.54", "skin_penetration_level": "epidermis", "penetration_depth": "epidermis/dermis", "absorption_pct": "20-30", "systemic_absorption": "yes", "penetration_enhancer": "yes", "occlusion_effect": "no", "vehicle_dependent": "yes", "skin_barrier_effect": "neutral", "bioavailability_topical_pct": "15-26", "safety_margin_factor": "high", "source": "SCCS/…
fragrance
{"cas_number": "104-54-1", "ingredient_class": "natural_isolate", "chemical_class": "alcohol", "odor_family": "floral", "odor_description": "Sweet balsamic, hyacinth-like", "odor_strength": "strong", "odor_tenacity_hours": "24.0", "top_note": "no", "heart_note": "yes", "base_note": "yes", "blending_factor_1_10": "7.0", "threshold_of_detection_ppb": "12.0", "molecular_weight_Da": "134.17", "boiling…
pediatric_safety
{"safe_for_newborn_0_6m": "avoid", "safe_for_infant_6_12m": "caution", "safe_for_toddler_1_3y": "caution", "safe_for_child_3_12y": "caution", "safe_for_teen_12_18y": "yes", "pediatric_max_concentration_pct": "0.1", "adult_max_concentration_pct": "unlimited", "pediatric_dermal_absorption_factor": "higher", "immature_skin_barrier_risk": "moderate", "oral_ingestion_risk": "low", "eye_irritation_risk"…
regulatory
{"eu_status": "restricted", "us_status": "allowed", "eu_max_concentration": "0.001", "restricted_in": "rinse-off: >0.01%, leave-on: >0.001%", "regulation_reference": "Annex III/205"}
Function Categories & List Membership
Cosmetic/Chemical Function Categories
Deodorizer
Flavouring and nutrient
Fragrance
No specific technical function
Processing aids not otherwise specified
Regulatory List Membership (5)
EU Restricted for Children (Cosmetics)
IFRA Fragrance Transparency List
FDA Substances Added to Food (EAFUS)
Consumer Product Chemical
EU CosIng Cosmetics Ingredient Database
Expert Verdict
Expert safety assessment and concern-level summary for Cinnamyl Alcohol.
Regulatory Flags
fragrance-allergen
eu-annex-iii
fm-i
patch-test-standard
mandatory-label
pro-hapten
eu_children_restricted
ifra_fragrance
fda_food_additive
eu_cosing_listed
jecfa_safe
NOAEL Studies Summary
View details ->Public NOAEL study rows linked to Cinnamyl Alcohol by CAS number or substance name.
Studies
16
Lowest NOAEL
53.5 mg/kg bw/day
Highest NOAEL
1000 mg/kg bw/day
ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID
ECHA_REACH_reach_study_results_dossiers_23-05-2023.zip
Dermal Absorption
View details ->| Absorption % | Method | Vehicle |
|---|---|---|
| 33.9 | In vitro; excised human skin; flow-through diffusion cells | 6% Oleth-20 receptor fluid |
Known Synonyms
1-06-00-00281
BRN 1903999
EINECS 203-212-3
FEMA No. 2294
gamma-Phenylallyl alcohol
Phenyl-2-propen-1-ol
Propenoic acid, 3-phenyl-, (trans)-
Zimtalcohol
3-Fenyl-2-propen-1-ol
Alkohol skoricovy
Chemical Function
Fragrance
Regulatory Lists
Europe
inert_ingredient; non_food_use; Pesticides
Cleaning products and household care - air freshener; detected; Europe; Vehicle - car interior - auto air freshener
children; Europe; Personal care
children; Europe; Personal care - specialized bath products - bath salts
children; Europe; Personal care
children; Europe; Personal care
children; Europe; Personal care
children; detected; Europe; Personal care - body hygiene - body wash
Cleaning products and household care - dishwasher and dishes; Cleaning products and household care - laundry and fabric treatment - fabric softener; detected; Europe; Other direct contact consumer goods
consumer_product; detected; Europe
Cleaning products and household care - laundry and fabric treatment - laundry stain remover; detected; Europe
Cleaning products and household care - laundry and fabric treatment - laundry stain remover; detected; Europe
detected; Europe; Personal care - sexual wellness
detected; Europe; Personal care - sexual wellness
Europe; Personal care - sexual wellness
detected; Europe; Personal care - sexual wellness
Europe; Personal care - deodorant
Australian Status
AICIS status: listed
Frequently Asked Questions
Is Cinnamyl Alcohol allowed in the EU?
Cinnamyl Alcohol EU regulatory status: restricted. Maximum allowed concentration: 0.001% (leave-on); 0.01% (rinse-off). This is based on EU Regulation 1223/2009 and its amendments.
What does Cinnamyl Alcohol do in cosmetics?
Cinnamyl Alcohol functions as: Fragrance ingredient. It is classified as a Fragrance in our database. CAS number: 104-54-1.
What is the NOAEL for Cinnamyl Alcohol?
The NOAEL (No Observed Adverse Effect Level) for Cinnamyl Alcohol is =1000 mg/kg bw/day based on a short-term study via oral route in Rat. Source: ToxValDB_ECHA_IUCLID.
Is Cinnamyl Alcohol used outside cosmetics?
Cinnamyl Alcohol also appears in industrial chemical safety data. The cross-vertical cards on this page render same-CAS public rows from the matched databases.
Compliance Tools
Check Cinnamyl Alcohol compliance across multiple jurisdictions:
Ingredient Decoder
Paste a full ingredient list for instant analysis
82 Allergen Checker
Check for EU declarable fragrance allergens
Substance Compliance
Check compliance across multiple jurisdictions
MoS Calculator
Calculate Margin of Safety using SCCS methodology
Heavy Metal Limits
Compare limits across jurisdictions
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